Hominids Foraging in a Complex Landscape: Could Homo ergaster and Australopithecus boisei Meet Their Calories Requirements?

Janssen, Marco A.; Sept, Jeanne; Griffith, Cameron

doi:10.1007/978-4-431-73167-2_28

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…), but few have been applied to extinct primates (Dunbar ; Janssen et al. ; Griffith and Long ), and none have accounted for nonrenewable resources such as dental enamel. This omission is surprising given the functional and adaptive significance prescribed to molar enamel thickness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Models have been used to explore the foraging behaviors of humans (Belovsky 1988), nonhuman primates (Boyer et al 2006;Sayers et al 2010), and their mutual interactions (Levi et al 2011), but few have been applied to extinct primates (Dunbar 1993;Janssen et al 2007;Griffith and Long 2010), and none have accounted for nonrenewable resources such as dental enamel. This omission is surprising given the functional and adaptive significance prescribed to molar enamel thickness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional Morphology, Stable Isotopes, and Human Evolution: A Model of Consilience

et al. 2013

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All animals must acquire and deliver food to their digestive systems. The mechanics of this process can result in the gradual wear, or senescence, of anatomical structures such as claws, beaks, and teeth. Such wear is detrimental to the foraging efficiency and reproductive success of a wide range of animals (Swennen et al. 1983;Raupp 1985;Juanes 1992;Juanes and Smith 1995;King et al. 2005;Roitberg et al. 2005). For mammals, the oral processing, or chewing, of food is a necessary wear-inducing behavior (Stirling 1969;McArthur and Sanson 1988;Skogland 1988;Perez-Barberia and Gordon 1998), and natural selection is predicted to favor dental attributes that prolong chewing efficiency. Accordingly, considerable attention has been focused on the microstructure, morphology, and functional ecology of mammalian molars, particularly the enamel.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Morphology, Stable Isotopes, and Human Evolution: A Model of Consilience

et al. 2013

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“…To examine the bio-behavioral consequences of Late Pleistocene trends in land-use strategies, however, we develop formal models in algorithmic formats that are beginning to see wider use in other natural sciences but have not been applied in paleoanthropology until very recently (e.g., Christiansen and Kirby 2003;Janssen et al 2007;Powell et al 2009;Premo and Hublin 2009). Mathematical and algorithmic models are explicit in that they express and abstract realworld phenomena in terms of a limited set of carefully defined mathematical or algorithmic functions, whose meaning has been agreed on by scientists around the world (Christiansen and Kirby 2003;van der Leeuw 2004).…”

Section: Formal Modeling Of Bio-behavioral Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Human Ecodynamics and Biocultural Interactions in the Late Pleistocene of Western Eurasia

et al. 2011

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Given the complex and multidimensional nature of human evolution, we need to develop theoretical and methodological frameworks to account for and model the dynamic feedbacks between co-operational biological and cultural evolutionary systems to better understand the processes that produced modern human behavior. Equally important is the generation of explicit theory-based models that can be tested against the empirical paleoanthropological record. We present a case study that examines evidence for culturally-driven behavioral change among Late Pleistocene hominins that altered the social niche occupied by hominins in western Eurasia, with consequences for

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“…Although model-based approaches have been used to investigate the foraging strategies of human primates [16], non-human primates [32,161], and even the interactions between the two [97], few have been applied to extinct primates (but see [53,76,63]), and to our knowledge none have taken into account nonrenewable resources such as dental enamel. This is surprising given the prominence prescribed to dental morphology, and its known impact on diet.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dedication. Acknowledgments

2011

The Acquisition of German

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xvii Dedication xixAcknowledgments xx . See panel C. for a scenario where one prey is preferred over another. C. A tri-trophic system, where a top-predator consumes a meso-predator, which in turn consumes two prey. The sizes of the nodes denote relative abundance, and the thickness of the arrows denote the magnitude of the biomass flow. The top-predator in the leftmost network is relatively abundant, depressing the meso-predator population, thereby limiting the meso-predator's e↵ect on the two prey populations. The two rightmost networks (boxed) have reduced top-predator populations. In both cases, the meso-predator has greater abundance due to decreased predation pressure. However, in one scenario, both prey are preferred equally, resulting in apparent competition dynamics. In the second scenario, one prey is preferred over another, resulting in an asymmetric cascade. Such preferences could result from specific anatomical constraints of the meso-predator, a scenario explored in Chapter 4. C 1 and C 2 , and 4 prey: r 1 r 4 ) is represented by both pairwise interaction distributions for each link, and a network-level interaction distribution for the system. Link thickness represents the median link-strength, shown with the vertical bar in each pairwise interaction distribution. B-C. Both model food-webs X and Y have link-strengths drawn from the NLID. In model food-web X, the weights are distributed similar to the median weights of the empirical web (i.e. equivalent structure), but they are distributed di↵erently among nodes (i.e. alternative interactions). In model Y , the weight structure is di↵erent than that of the empirical web (i.e. alternative structure), and necessarily, the distribution of weights among nodes di↵ers as well (i.e. alternative interactions). Dotted nodes indicate those with link-strengths that di↵er from the median link-strengths of the empirical food-web. D-F. Given a single niche axis based on a continuous resource trait (e.g. body size) where prey are ranked from r 1 to r 4 , distributions of resource use are shown for the two consumers. Representations of dietary overlap illustrate higher similarity in diet between predators of the empirical system and model X, whereas the consumers in model Y have little dietary overlap, despite sharing the same NLID. 5 A-C. Sensitivity analyses of the Saskatchewan, Amboseli, and Lake Naivasha food-web ensembles, respectively. Similarity values for each cuto↵ (s i ) for Model 2 are on the y-axis, and the x-axis ranges from a lower standard deviation (SD) than the empirical SD to a higher SD (such that the empirical SD is central to the range; stippled vertical line). The colored data points represent the median similarity indices for each cuto↵ value (legend), while the top and bottom whiskers denote the 25 th and 75 th percentiles, respectively. The underlined values mark the standard deviation corresponding to the highest average similarity across cuto↵ values. For all systems, the highest average similarity is close to or exactly matches ...

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Hominids Foraging in a Complex Landscape: Could Homo ergaster and Australopithecus boisei Meet Their Calories Requirements?

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Functional Morphology, Stable Isotopes, and Human Evolution: A Model of Consilience

Functional Morphology, Stable Isotopes, and Human Evolution: A Model of Consilience

Modeling Human Ecodynamics and Biocultural Interactions in the Late Pleistocene of Western Eurasia

Dedication. Acknowledgments

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