Homocysteine concentrations in the cognitive progression of Alzheimer's disease

Farina, Nicolas; Jernerén, Fredrik; Turner, Cheryl; Hart, Kathryn; Tabet, Naji

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2017.10.008

Cited by 44 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…HHcy in AD may be due to folate or vitamin B12 deficiency. A study is conducted to explore the relationship between HHcy and vitamins as the disease progresses (Farina, Jernerén, Turner, Hart, & Tab et, 2017). A meta‐analysis showed that high tHcy and low folate and vitamin B12 concentrations may act as a risk factor of AD (Shen & Ji, 2015).…”

Section: Cysteine and Homocysteine As Biomarker Of Various Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cysteine and homocysteine as biomarker of various diseases

Rehman

Shabbir

Inam‐Ur‐Raheem

et al. 2020

Food Science & Nutrition

184

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Cysteine and homocysteine (Hcy), both sulfur‐containing amino acids (AAs), produced from methionine another sulfur‐containing amino acid, which is converted to Hcy and further converted to cysteine. This article aims to highlight the link between cysteine and Hcy, and their mechanisms, important functions, play in the body and their role as a biomarker for various types of diseases. So that using cysteine and Hcy as a biomarker, we can prevent and diagnose many diseases. This review concluded that hyperhomocysteinemia (elevated levels of homocysteine) is considered as toxic for cells and is associated with different health problems. Hyperhomocysteinemia and low levels of cysteine associated with various diseases like cardiovascular diseases (CVD), ischemic stroke, neurological disorders, diabetes, cancer like lung and colorectal cancer, renal dysfunction‐linked conditions, and vitiligo.

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Section: Cysteine and Homocysteine As Biomarker Of Various Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cysteine and homocysteine as biomarker of various diseases

Rehman

Shabbir

Inam‐Ur‐Raheem

et al. 2020

Food Science & Nutrition

184

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“…As an example, a study performed on 1350 elderly Taiwanese subjects aged 65-90 years with normal renal function showed that low plasma levels of folate and vitamin B6 or vitamin B12 were associated with a 3-5-fold increased risk of HHcy (>15 µmol/L) compared to patients with only one B vitamin insufficiency [147]. On the other hand, HHcy often occurs independently of vitamin status [149][150][151]. A recent review [152] reporting the impact of HHcy on aging and related diseases emphasized the importance of screening elderly subjects over 60 years for raised Hcy levels and of evaluating folate or vitamin B12 status for accurate nutritional requirements.…”

Section: Elderlymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, Bonetti et al [150], in 318 elderly subjects (age ≥ 65 years) (44 normal cognition, 127 with cognitive impairment, 147 with dementia) found that HHcy (>15 µmol/L) was associated with a higher prevalence of cognitive and functional impairment and dementia (odds ratio (OR) = 1.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.13-3.48) independent of B group vitamin status. The authors suggested that HHcy cannot be explained only by vitamin status and that other dietary and non-dietary factors may contribute [150,151]. Lifestyle, coffee consumption, smoking, and alcohol use seemsto be associated with HHcy in Parkinson's disease patients treated with levodopa [171].…”

Section: Neurodegenerative Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homocysteine: Its Possible Emerging Role in At-Risk Population Groups

Azzini

Ruggeri

Polito

2020

IJMS

109

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Increased plasma homocysteine is a risk factor for several pathological disorders. The present review focused on the role of homocysteine (Hcy) in different population groups, especially in risk conditions (pregnancy, infancy, old age), and on its relevance as a marker or etiological factor of the diseases in these age groups, focusing on the nutritional treatment of elevated Hcy levels. In pregnancy, Hcy levels were investigated in relation to the increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as small size for gestational age at birth, preeclampsia, recurrent abortions, low birth weight, or intrauterine growth restriction. In pediatric populations, Hcy levels are important not only for cardiovascular disease, obesity, and renal disease, but the most interesting evidence concerns study of elevated levels of Hcy in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Finally, a focus on the principal pathologies of the elderly (cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disease, osteoporosis and physical function) is presented. The metabolism of Hcy is influenced by B vitamins, and Hcy-lowering vitamin treatments have been proposed. However, clinical trials have not reached a consensus about the effectiveness of vitamin supplementation on the reduction of Hcy levels and improvement of pathological condition, especially in elderly patients with overt pathologies, suggesting that other dietary and non-dietary factors are involved in high Hcy levels. The importance of novel experimental designs focusing on intra-individual variability as a complement to the typical case–control experimental designs and the study of interactions between different factors it should be emphasized.

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“…An increased level of homocysteine in blood correlates with the existence of specific pathological units, such as cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, a stroke, depression, Alzheimer's disease, and osteoporosis [10,[34][35][36]. This results from the fact that Hcy undergoes autoxidation, which leads to the formation of biologically active substances that participate in signaling pathways associated with increased cell toxicity, facilitating apoptosis, necrosis, the formation of blood clots, and the amplification of oxidative stress [18,37,38].…”

Section: The Clinical Implications Of Hyperhomocysteinemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Deficiencies, Bariatric Surgery, and Serum Homocysteine Level: Review of Current Literature

Komorniak

Szczuko

Kowalewski³

et al. 2019

OBES SURG

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Obesity is currently one of the biggest global health problems. In the case of severe obesity, bariatric surgeries are considered to be the most important method of treatment. The 2 most commonly performed bariatric surgery procedures include Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy. However, these methods are not free from complications, and the most common ones (moderately long or long term) are micronutrient deficiencies. The deficiency of vitamins B6, B12, and folic acid as cofactors of the folate cycle contributes to the development of hyperhomocysteinemia. It seems that apart from nutritional factors, there are other aspects that have a significant influence on the concentration of homocysteine in blood, such as the type of conducted bariatric surgery, the post-surgical concentration of betaine and creatinine, and the clearance of methionine (i.e., the mutations of the gene that encodes the MTHFR reductase as well as other genes associated with the process of methylation, e.g., methionine synthase). Their presence might be one of the causes of the increased concentration of homocysteine after surgery despite the fact that patients take vitamin-mineral supplementation.

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Homocysteine concentrations in the cognitive progression of Alzheimer's disease

Cited by 44 publications

References 31 publications

Cysteine and homocysteine as biomarker of various diseases

Cysteine and homocysteine as biomarker of various diseases

Homocysteine: Its Possible Emerging Role in At-Risk Population Groups

Nutritional Deficiencies, Bariatric Surgery, and Serum Homocysteine Level: Review of Current Literature

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