Homocysteine metabolism in diabetes

Wijekoon, Enoka P.; Brosnan, Margaret E.; Brosnan, John T.

doi:10.1042/bst0351175

Cited by 97 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Our major findings show that the contents of LPO, Hcy and NO 3 -have increased significantly in the heart of diabetic rats. These results are in agreement with other findings [20][21][22]. As we know, vit E is one of the fat-soluble vitamins and is considered as an important antioxidant.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The reasons for increasing the Hcy amount are the changes that occurred in the enzymes during Hcy metabolism, and an increase of Hcy in the blood [22]. Also, this affects the main Hcy catabolism organs such as kidney and liver, changes their function, and decreases Hcy catabolism, leading to excretion of Hcy and an increase in the amount of Hcy in the blood [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protective Effects of Vitamin E on Diabetes-induced Oxidative Stress Status and Homocysteine in the Rat Heart

Beyramzadeh¹,

Ansari²,

Azimzadeh³

et al. 2017

JPP

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Abstract:Objective: We aimed to investigate protective effects of vit E on oxidative stress status and homocysteine (Hcy) in cardiac tissue of diabetic rats. Methods: Sixteen Wistar male rats were treated with STZ (streptozotocin) (60 mg/kg) to induce diabetes. Diabetic rats were divided into two groups: NTD (non-treated diabetic) and V E TD (vit E-treated diabetic) rats. The V E TD group received 300 mg/kg vit E with daily feeding. Eight normal rats of the same age were used as the control group. After 6 weeks, the rats were anesthetized, their cardiac tissue was removed, and homogenated supernatant was separated. Samples were assayed for TAC (total antioxidant capacity), LPO (lipid peroxidation), nitrite (NO 2 -), nitrate (NO 3 -), and Hcy. Key Findings: The contents of LPO, NO 3 -and Hcy in NTD compared to control group indicate a significant increase, but the levels of these parameters decreased in V E TD (p < 0.05). There was a significant decrease in the amount of TAC in the NTD group but in V E TD group, that significantly increased (p < 0.05). The amount of NO 2 -in NTD and V E TD groups, compared to the control group, did not show any significant changes (p > 0.05).Conclusions: Significant decrease of oxidative stress and Hcy in the cardiac tissue caused by vit E supplementation strongly indicated that this radical scavenger may promote a protective effect on diabetic cardiomyopathy through the attenuation of oxidative stress and increase antioxidant defense mechanism.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of Vitamin E on Diabetes-induced Oxidative Stress Status and Homocysteine in the Rat Heart

Beyramzadeh¹,

Ansari²,

Azimzadeh³

et al. 2017

JPP

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“…These data demonstrate another potential source of the formaldehyde in diabetes that warrants evaluation, and suggest a possible metabolic adaptation that has been unrecognized in the literature. There are studies that have demonstrated upregulation of elements of the methionine cycle (52,66), but these studies were unable to evaluate the entire pathway concurrently and that is a particular strength of the present data.…”

Section: Ajp-endocrinol Metabmentioning

confidence: 60%

Proteomic changes associated with diabetes in the BB-DP rat

Johnson

Harris²,

French

et al. 2009

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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These studies were structured with the aim of utilizing emerging technologies in two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to evaluate protein expression changes associated with type 1 diabetes. We reasoned that a broad examination of diabetic tissues at the protein level might open up novel avenues of investigation of the metabolic and signaling pathways that are adversely affected in type 1 diabetes. This study compared the protein expression of the liver, heart, and skeletal muscle of diabetes-prone rats and matched control rats by semiquantitative liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and differential in-gel 2D gel electrophoresis. Differential expression of 341 proteins in liver, 43 in heart, and 9 (2D gel only) in skeletal muscle was detected. These data were assembled into the relevant metabolic pathways affected primarily in liver. Multiple covalent modifications were also apparent in 2D gel analysis. Several new hypotheses were generated by these data, including mechanisms of net cytosolic protein oxidation, formaldehyde generation by the methionine cycle, and inhibition of carbon substrate oxidation via reduction in citrate synthase and short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase. metabolism; acyl carnitine; citrate synthase; methionine; liver; heart; skeletal muscle; mass spectroscopy; two-dimensional gel electrophoresis ALTHOUGH EXTENSIVELY STUDIED, type 1 diabetes remains a major health concern, and much of the pathogenesis still eludes understanding. In the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial, the most strongly regulated subjects still developed complications despite aggressive intervention (35). The fundamental pathology of type 1 diabetes is the loss of pancreatic ␤-cell function and the related release of insulin in the regulation of overall metabolic functions of the body. The complications of type 1 diabetes include dramatically altered energy metabolism and glucose handling, protein oxidation, vascular disease, heart disease, retinopathy, neuropathies, nephropathy, and susceptibility to infections. These results showed that the pathology of diabetes exceeds the simple maintenance of plasma glucose and insulin levels. A more global assessment of the diabetic state may provide useful insight. These studies sought to perform a comprehensive screen of the proteomic changes associated with the type 1 diabetic state, utilizing emerging technology in high-throughput semiquantitative proteomics and two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis to detect protein expression differences as well as possible covalent modifications inherent to the diabetic state.Previous studies have revealed that many enzymes and proteins are under transitional control by insulin (45) that would predictably alter the content of these proteins with the reduction of insulin in type 1 diabetes. The major transcription factors involved in insulin action are adipocyte differentiation and determination factor (ADD)-1/sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PP...

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“…Existen dos vías independientes de remetilación de la Hcy: la primera catalizada por la enzima metionina sintetasa (MS) y la segunda por la betaína: homocisteína metiltransferasa (BHMT); ambas conducen a la formación de metionina. Por otro lado, la Hcy puede ser irreversiblemente convertida en cisteína, mediante la vía de transulfuración, reacción catalizada por las enzimas cistationina-β-sintasa (CBS) y cisteína-γ-liasa (CGL) 25,26 . El metabolismo de la Hcy-Metionina se encuentra alterado en la DM1, ya que los niveles de insulina son capaces de modular la actividad de las enzimas participantes en el ciclo.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified