Homocysteine-Thiolactone Modulates Gating of Mitochondrial Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel (VDAC) and Protects It from Induced Oxidative Stress

Calmodulin Modulates the Gating Properties of Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel from Rat Brain Mitochondria

“…Mitochondrial VDAC1 was purified from rat brain as per the standard procedure. , Briefly, the brain of euthanized Wistar rats was removed and placed in solution A [250 mM Sucrose, 0.1 mM EDTA-NaOH, 10 mM HEPES-KOH, 1 μg/mL leupeptin, and 0.15 μM PMSF (phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride), maintained at pH 7.4]. As the yield of VDAC1 is low, 10 rats each weighing approximately 150–200 g were used to extract and purify the required amount of VDAC1.…”

“…The equivalent gating charge gives the number of charges that have to be transferred across the bilayer membrane when an ion channel shifts from an open state to a partially closed state or closed state, and vice versa. The gating charge was calculated using eq , the method already described by Schein et al, Bera et al, and Koren and Ghosh ,, which is defined as follows.…”

Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Disrupts the Voltage Dependency of the Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel on the Lipid Bilayer Membrane

“…All animal experiments were performed as per norms of the Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA), India. The mitochondrial VDAC was purified from rat brain as per the standard procedure described in the earlier report. , A fraction containing VDAC was identified on 12% SDS-PAGE. The purified rat brain VDAC protein sample was resolved on 12% gel as per the standard Laemmli method .…”

“…The gating charge is the number of charges that must be moved across the bilayer membrane when an ion channel changes from open to partially closed or closed, and vice versa. The gating charge was determined in accordance with the approach outlined in our prior publication. , …”

“…The mitochondrial VDAC was purified from rat brain as per the standard procedure described in the earlier report. 14,18 A fraction containing VDAC was identified on 12% SDS-PAGE. The purified rat brain VDAC protein sample was resolved on 12% gel as per the standard Laemmli method.…”