Homodyne Tomography of a Single Photon Retrieved on Demand from a Cavity-Enhanced Cold Atom Memory

Bimbard, Erwan; Boddeda, Rajiv; Vitrant, Nicolas; Grankin, Andrey; Parigi, Valentina; Stanojevic, Jovica; Ourjoumtsev, Alexei; Grangier, Philippe

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.112.033601

Cited by 104 publications

(98 citation statements)

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“…Hence the effect of the Rydberg interaction is increased by the cavity finesse F, whereas the low value of C is compensated by a high value of N b . In addition, the cavity is also useful for controlling the mode structure thereby enabling high input-output efficiencies [40]. We show that the proposed gate can have a promising (heralded) error scaling as 1/C 2 b , and demonstrate how it can be used to improve quantum repeaters based on atomic ensembles even for moderate interactions strengths C b ∼ 10.…”

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confidence: 93%

“…[41], and many others, we thus do not require the strong-coupling regime of cavity QED, and can work with cavities of moderate finesse. This enables input-output efficiency near unity since the cavity losses can be completely negligible compared to the mirror's transmission [40]. For simplicity, we first describe the operation for single-rail qubits where a qubit is encoded in a photon pulse containing a superposition of vacuum |0 and a single photon |1 .…”

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Photonic controlled-phase gates through Rydberg blockade in optical cavities

et al. 2016

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We propose a novel scheme for high fidelity photonic controlled-phase gates using Rydberg blockade in an ensemble of atoms in an optical cavity. The gate operation is obtained by first storing a photonic pulse in the ensemble and then scattering a second pulse from the cavity, resulting in a phase change depending on whether the first pulse contained a single photon. We show that the combination of Rydberg blockade and optical cavities effectively enhances the optical non-linearity created by the strong Rydberg interaction and makes the gate operation more robust. The resulting gate can be implemented with cavities of moderate finesse allowing for highly efficient processing of quantum information encoded in photons. As an illustration, we show how the gate can be employed to increase the communication rate of quantum repeaters based on atomic ensembles.PACS numbers: Keywords:Large bandwidth, fast propagation and the non-interacting nature of photons, make them ideal for communicating quantum information over long distances [1]. In contrast, strong photon-photon interactions are desirable for processing of quantum information encoded in the photons, especially if both high fidelity and high efficiency are needed. To satisfy these requirements one needs a highly non-linear medium. Typically, the strength of photon-photon interactions mediated by a non-linear medium is very weak at the single-photon level where photonic quantum logic gates are operating [2]. As a consequence, the implementation of photonic quantum gates remains an unsolved challenge and requires novel means of efficient light-matter interaction. To enhance light-matter interactions, a viable solution is to use ensembles of atoms, e.g., configured for electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) [3]; this can be further improved by placing the ensemble in an optical cavity, but these ensemble based approaches do not increase the essential photonic non-linearity. In recent years, there has been intense efforts to realize light-matter interactions via, non-linear interactions in a variety of medium, ranging from atoms [4-10] and atom like systems [11][12][13][14] to superconducting qubits [15][16][17].A promising approach towards creating strong quantum nonlinearities is to exploit excitation blockade in Rydberg EIT systems [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Several quantum effects like strong optical non-linearities and control of light by light [22][23][24][25][26][27][28], deterministic single-photon sources [29], and the generation of entanglement and atomic quantum gates [30][31][32][33][34] have been investigated. The strong nonlinearity originates from the fact that the Rydberg interaction prevents multiple excitations within a blockaded radius r b [35,36]. The ensemble then behaves as a two-level superatom consisting of N b atoms within a radius r b [35,36]. If the optical depth d b corresponding to the superatom is sufficiently large, d b 1 [22], a strong optical nonlinearity at the single-photon level can be achieved in the EIT configurati...

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Photonic controlled-phase gates through Rydberg blockade in optical cavities

et al. 2016

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“…Analysis of the coherence of the retrieved photon signal, for example, using homodyne detection [37,38], will be the focus of future work. In addition, the observed dependence of the group delay on the photon number propagating inside the medium also has potential applications in the generation of Fock states.…”

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Microwave control of the interaction between two optical photons

et al. 2014

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“…For initial resources with fidelities more than 0.7 in both DOFs, a the purified state have a fidelity larger than 93.58 % after the second round or b larger than 99.77 % after the third round there are five photons absorbed in the S-part of the schematic yet the apparatus miscount them as one photon at each detector and one photon detected by D 5 or D 6 , a fake successful measurement is heralded and no photon actually comes out from the setup. We also note that recent progress has been made both on building high-efficiency [44] and more practical [45] photon-number-resolving detectors and on an efficient source of single photons prepared in a pure fully controlled quantum state [46] which lead to a more flexible design of linear optics-based protocols.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperentanglement purification with linear optics assisted by W-states

Wang

2014

Quantum Inf Process

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Hyperentanglement has attracted much attention in recent years for its promising applications. Various schemes on topics of manipulating, concentrating, and purifying hyperentangled photons have been discussed widely using nonlinear optics. However, the fidelities and experimental feasibilities are unsatisfied due to the low efficiency of the nonlinear optical process. In order to overcome this problem, we present an one-step hyperentanglement purification protocol with linear optics for non-local photon systems in mixed polarization-and spatial-mode-hyperentangled states. Errors in both polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedom can be purified simultaneously with the assistance of W-states. We also discuss the efficiencies and experimental feasibilities of this linear optics-based protocol.

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Homodyne Tomography of a Single Photon Retrieved on Demand from a Cavity-Enhanced Cold Atom Memory

Cited by 104 publications

References 22 publications

Photonic controlled-phase gates through Rydberg blockade in optical cavities

Photonic controlled-phase gates through Rydberg blockade in optical cavities

Microwave control of the interaction between two optical photons

Hyperentanglement purification with linear optics assisted by W-states

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