Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition with Water Injection

Christensen, Magnus; Johansson, Bengt

doi:10.4271/1999-01-0182

Cited by 175 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Results from simulations of n-heptane and iso-octane with CAI combustion [29], cited in Figures 1 and 2, confirmed that both fuels ignited (main ignition) when air and fuel mixture reached a temperature of 1100K. Results from experimental studies on CAI combustion [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] proved the consistency of this temperature and its independence from fuel type. Figure 2.…”

Section: Fundamentals Of Cai Combustionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Compression Ratio -A higher compression ratio increases the charge temperature and therefore advances the start of ignition of the CAI combustion [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. In addition, higher compression and thus expansion ratios contribute to higher thermal efficiency.…”

Section: Modifications Of Engine Operation and Control Parameters -mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Air/fuel ratio -The strength of the air/fuel mixture has a direct effect upon CAI timing and its combustion heat release rate [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]46]. Enriching the mixture decreases the ratio of the specific heats (γ) and thus reduces the amount of disposable compression heating in the charge.…”

Section: Cai Combustion In 4-stroke Enginesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Review of Experimental and Simulation Studies on Controlled Auto-Ignition Combustion

Milovanović¹,

Chen²

2001

SAE Technical Paper Series

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Section: Fundamentals Of Cai Combustionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Modifications Of Engine Operation and Control Parameters -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cai Combustion In 4-stroke Enginesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Review of Experimental and Simulation Studies on Controlled Auto-Ignition Combustion

Milovanović¹,

Chen²

2001

SAE Technical Paper Series

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“…3-Püskürtme yoluyla (fumigasyon): Fumigasyon yönteminde, su emme supabı yakınından emme manifolduna gönderilmektedir [3], Kaynaklarda içten yanmalı motorların yanma odasına suyun gönderilmesi durumunda yanma sonu ulaşılan sıcaklıklarda düşme meydana gelmesinden dolayı NOx emisyonlarında ciddi oranda azalmanın sağlandığı belirtilmektedir [6][7][8][9]. Bunun yanı sıra yanma veriminde artma meydana geldiğinden motor performansında da iyileşmelerin olduğu bildirilmektedir.…”

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Direk Enjeksiyonlu Bir Dizel Motoruna Buhar ve Farklı Şekillerde Su Gönderiminin Performans ve NOx Emisyonlarına Etkilerinin İncelenmesi

Ayhan¹

2016

SAUFenBilDer

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ÖZBu çalışmada, direk enjeksiyonlu bir dizel motorunda buhar ve suyun yanma odasına farklı şekillerde gönderiminin motor performans parametreleri ve NOx emisyonlarına etkisi deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Su yanma odasına; farklı oranlarda stabilize emülsife yakıt (E10, E15, E20), 20 o C sıcaklıkta emme manifolduna sıvı fazda (S10, S15, S20) enjeksiyonu ve 133 o C sıcaklıkta buhar fazında emme manifolduna farklı oranlarda (B10, B15, B20) püskürtülmesi suretiyle 3 farklı şekilde gönderilmiştir. Buhar, egzoz devresine bağlanan bir eşanjör ile egzoz kayıp ısısından üretilmiştir. Emülsife yakıtların hazırlanmasında, faz ayrışmasını önlemek için surfaktan (yüzey aktif madde) kullanılmıştır. Deneyler tek silindirli, su soğutmalı, direkt enjeksiyonlu bir dizel motorunda tam yük şartlarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneyler sonucunda farklı su gönderme yöntemleriyle elde edilen veriler standart motor verileri ile performans parametreleri ve NOx emisyon değerleri açısından karşılaştırılmıştır. Motorda kullanılan tüm su gönderme yöntemlerinde NOx emisyonlarında standart motor verilerine göre dikkate değer oranda azalmaların meydana geldiği tespit edilmiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: buhar enjeksiyonu, su enjeksiyonu, emülsife yakıt, motor performansı, NOx Investigation of the effects of steam and different water introduction methods to a direct injection diesel engine on performance and NOx emissions ABSTRACTIn this study, the effects of steam and different water introduction methods to a direct injection diesel engine on performance and NOx emissions experimentally investigated. Water was introduced combustion chamber, different ratios stabilized emulsified fuels, at 20 o C temperature liquid phase and 133 o C temperature gas phase (water steam) was injected inlet manifold, with three different methods. Water steam was produced from waste energy of exhaust gas stream. For the preparation of emulsified fuels, to stabilize the emulsified fuels, a 2% by mass surfactant mixture was used. The tests were conducted on a single-cylinder water cooled direct injection (DI) diesel engine under full load conditions. As a result of experiments, the data was obtained with different water introduction method, based on the standard engine data were compared in terms of performance parameters and NOx emissions. It was observed that there were remarkable decreases of NOx emissions for all of the water introduction methods compared to the standard engine values.

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“…The low reactivity of alcohols such as ethanol and methanol motivated additional research into operating HCCI engines using blends with more reactive fuels/additives such as n-heptane [30], diethyl ether [31,32], dimethyl ether [33][34][35][36], and di-tertiary butyl peroxide [37]. In the opposite direction, other efforts studied injecting water into the engine cylinder to temper the reactivity of highly reactive fuels [33,[38][39][40][41]. However, nearly all of these efforts focused on a small subset of fuels and a narrow range of operating conditions; furthermore, a robust method to rank-and potentially predict-fuel performance in HCCI and other LTC-strategy engines has not yet emerged.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the LTC fuel performance index for oxygenated reference fuel blends

Niemeyer

Daly

Cannella

et al. 2015

Fuel

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A new metric for ranking the suitability of fuels in LTC engines was recently introduced, based on the fraction of potential fuel savings achieved in the FTP-75 light-duty vehicle driving cycle. In the current study, this LTC fuel performance index was calculated computationally and analyzed for a number of fuel blends comprised of n-heptane, isooctane, toluene, and ethanol in various combinations and ratios corresponding to octane numbers from 0 to 100. In order to calculate the LTC index for each fuel, computational driving cycle simulations were first performed using a typical light-duty passenger vehicle, providing pairs of engine speed and load points. Separately, for each fuel blend considered, single-zone naturally aspirated HCCI engine simulations with a compression ratio of 9.5 were performed in order to determine the operating envelopes. These results were combined to determine the varying improvement in fuel economy offered by fuels, forming the basis for the LTC fuel index. The resulting fuel performance indices ranged from 36.4 for neat n-heptane (PRF0) to 9.20 for a three-component blend of n-heptane, isooctane, and ethanol (ERF1). For the chosen engine and chosen conditions, in general lower-octane fuels performed better, resulting in higher LTC fuel index values; however, the fuel performance index correlated poorly with octane rating for less-reactive, higher-octane fuels.

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Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition with Water Injection

Cited by 175 publications

References 24 publications

A Review of Experimental and Simulation Studies on Controlled Auto-Ignition Combustion

A Review of Experimental and Simulation Studies on Controlled Auto-Ignition Combustion

Direk Enjeksiyonlu Bir Dizel Motoruna Buhar ve Farklı Şekillerde Su Gönderiminin Performans ve NOx Emisyonlarına Etkilerinin İncelenmesi

Investigation of the LTC fuel performance index for oxygenated reference fuel blends

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