Homogeneous fluorescent specific PCR for the authentication of medicinal snakes using cationic conjugated polymers

Jiang, Chao; Yuan, Yuan; Liu, Libing; Hou, Jingyi; Jin, Yan; Huang, Luqi

doi:10.1038/srep16260

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Therefore, more and more researchers are coming around to the notion that the current chemistry-based quality control system is hard to completely solve the serious problem that challenges the food and herbal drug industry. So the newly developed DNA-based techniques 6 , 26 , 27 are gaining sharply in acceptance and popularity since they provide a simple and reliable way for the authentication of medicinal plants and animals. However, as PCR is a very sensitive method, we could not guarantee the quantity of the biomaterials, especially in some multi-components processed products according to the qualitative PCR techniques.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weigh Biomaterials by Quantifying Species-specific DNA with Real-time PCR

Chen

Wang

Yuan

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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What’s on the label is not what’s in the bottle, from food products to herbal medicinal products (HMPs), economically-motivated biomaterials adulteration is a long-term problem affecting the food and drug industry. Accurate identification of the biomaterial ingredients in processed commodities is highly desirable. In this field, DNA-based techniques have proved to be powerful tools to overcome qualitative challenges. However, is it possible to quantify the weight of biological materials with PCR? Therefore, a basic scientific question needs to be answered: what’s the relationship between DNA content and the mass of biological materials? Is DNA content directly proportional to the mass of biological materials as most of the researchers previously thought? In this study, we firstly found that there exists a linear relation between DNA contents and the weight of biomaterials indeed when the analytical practices are fully controlled. In this case, the mass of targeted biomaterials in the highly processed commercial products can also be calculated by quantifying the species-specific DNA through classic real-time PCR with a good reproducibility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weigh Biomaterials by Quantifying Species-specific DNA with Real-time PCR

Chen

Wang

Yuan

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…For instance, PCRs with their often extremely low limits of detection may be well-suited for forensic studies at well-equipped facilities, but not necessarily for point-of-care use, due to the requirement of specialized equipment and trained personnel (though this is likely to change with the implementation of more rapid, affordable, and user-friendly forms of PCR, see e.g. ( Jiang et al, 2015 ; Neuzil et al, 2006 ; Vaagt et al, 2013 )). Conversely, rapid, user-friendly, and affordable lateral flow assays (LFAs) may be well-suited for point-of-care applications, while not offering the same functionalities as more complex assay types.…”

Section: New Methods For Diagnosis Of Snakebite Envenomingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical management of snakebite envenoming: Future perspectives

et al. 2021

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Snakebite envenoming is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in rural communities throughout the tropics. Generally, the main clinical features of snakebites are local swelling, tissue necrosis, shock, spontaneous systemic hemorrhage, incoagulable blood, paralysis, rhabdomyolysis, and acute kidney injury. These clinical manifestations result from complex biochemical venom constituents comprising of cytotoxins, hemotoxins, neurotoxins, myotoxins, and other substances. Timely diagnosis of envenoming and identification of the responsible snake species is clinically challenging in many parts of the world and necessitates prompt and thorough clinical assessment, which could be supported by the development of reliable, affordable, widely-accessible, point-of-care tests. Conventional antivenoms based on polyclonal antibodies derived from animals remain the mainstay of therapy along with supportive medical and surgical care. However, while antivenoms save countless lives, they are associated with adverse reactions, limited potency, and are relatively inefficacious against presynaptic neurotoxicity and in preventing necrosis. Nevertheless, major scientific and technological advances are facilitating the development of new molecular and immunologic diagnostic tests, as well as a new generation of antivenoms comprising human monoclonal antibodies with broader and more potent neutralization capacity and less immunogenicity. Repurposed pharmaceuticals based on small molecule inhibitors (e.g., marimastat and varespladib) used alone and in combination against enzymatic toxins, such as metalloproteases and phospholipase A 2 s, have shown promise in animal studies. These orally bioavailable molecules could serve as early interventions in the out-of-hospital setting if confirmed to be safe and efficacious in clinical studies. Antivenom access can be improved by the usage of drones and ensuring constant antivenom supply in remote endemic rural areas. Overall, the improvement of clinical management of snakebite envenoming requires sustained, coordinated, and multifaceted efforts involving basic and applied sciences, new technology, product development, effective clinical training, implementation of existing guidelines and therapeutic approaches, supported by improved supply of existing antivenoms.

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“…For resource protection and drug safety, it is generally believed that the first step is to accurately identify species. The morphological characteristics of B. multicinctus and some other processed snakes (Chao et al, 2015), such as D. acutus, N. naja (Yiquan et al, 2000), are very similar. So, morphological examination can´t successfully be employed without visually recognizable features or has been otherwise altered in those species (Yanqing et al, 2019;Yi et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification for Simultaneous Identification of Bungarus multicinctus and Its Common Adulterants in a Single Assay

Zhou

Nie²,

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

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Bungarus multicinctus, an important traditional Chinese medicine, possesses remarkable medicinal activities, while lots of adulterants from other species were misused as B. multicinctus for its large demand and resource starvation. In order to accurately identify B. multicinctus and its common adulterants such as Sinonatrix annularis, Xenochrophis flavipunctatus, Deinagkistrodon acutus, and Naja atra, a simultaneous identification method was designed with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) analysis. Five species-specific MLPA probe-couples for B. multicinctus and its common adulterants were designed based on the universal primer amplified COI sequences, which can specifically detect the five species with no mutual interference, and sensitivity analysis showed as less as 5% B. multicinctus or 8.75% adulterants in the mixed samples can be identified in a MLPA assay, especially, the relative quantity of the adulterants can be also inferred based on the MLPA peak area values. Moreover, the results of the present study confirmed the effectiveness of this technique in terms of simultaneous identification of B. multicinctus and its common adulterants in an assay, which has great potential for ensuring the safety of this commercially valuable snake species.

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Homogeneous fluorescent specific PCR for the authentication of medicinal snakes using cationic conjugated polymers

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

Weigh Biomaterials by Quantifying Species-specific DNA with Real-time PCR

Weigh Biomaterials by Quantifying Species-specific DNA with Real-time PCR

Clinical management of snakebite envenoming: Future perspectives

Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification for Simultaneous Identification of Bungarus multicinctus and Its Common Adulterants in a Single Assay

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