Homogeneous mixture CI engines as a key to the further development of IC piston engines

Abstract

The article presents synthetically the methods of ignition of the air-fuel mixture in Internal Com-bustion (IC) engines along with the characteristics of their advantages and disadvantages, the problems of their use and the possibility of development. The further development of piston engines will require a drastic reduction in the emission of harmful exhaust components and carbon dioxide, which is the most important greenhouse gas emitted by IC engines. For this reason, not only the engines themselves must be changed but fuels as well. For the most effective use of them, self-ignition of a homogeneous fuel-air mixture should be implemented. In the present state of technical development is not possible to widespread use the most ad-vanced ways of self-ignition methods. Typical homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), where an engine uses only one type of the fuel and correctly self-ignite in the full scope of work is still not implemented in a serial production. In the foreign literature, there is a significant number of publications on various methods of Compression Igni-tion (CI) in IC engines, including IC in Dual Fuel (DF) engines. The Polish literature, however, is extremely sparse in this matter, and one can find a number of works on CI in single-fuel engines [1-10], but the topic of DF fueling is not too extensively described. For this reason, it seems important to publish an article on this important topic today. Keywords: internal combustion engines, CI engines, homogeneous mixture, dual-fuel engines, RCCI, DUAL FUEL, HCCI, ENGINES, PCCI, PPCI, PCI, SPCCI, SACIThe article presents synthetically the methods of ignition of the air-fuel mixture in Internal Com-bustion (IC) engines along with the characteristics of their advantages and disadvantages, the problems of their use and the possibility of development. The further development of piston engines will require a drastic reduction in the emission of harmful exhaust components and carbon dioxide, which is the most important greenhouse gas emitted by IC engines. For this reason, not only the engines themselves must be changed but fuels as well. For the most effective use of them, self-ignition of a homogeneous fuel-air mixture should be implemented. In the present state of technical development is not possible to widespread use the most ad-vanced ways of self-ignition methods. Typical homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), where an engine uses only one type of the fuel and correctly self-ignite in the full scope of work is still not implemented in a serial production. In the foreign literature, there is a significant number of publications on various methods of Compression Igni-tion (CI) in IC engines, including IC in Dual Fuel (DF) engines. The Polish literature, however, is extremely sparse in this matter, and one can find a number of works on CI in single-fuel engines [1-10], but the topic of DF fueling is not too extensively described. For this reason, it seems important to publish an article on this important topic today. Keywords: internal combustion engines, CI engines, homogeneous mixture, dual-fuel engines, RCCI, DUAL FUEL, HCCI, ENGINES, PCCI, PPCI, PCI, SPCCI, SACI

Dual-fuel engines using hydrogen-enriched fuels as an ecological source of energy for transport, industry and power engineering

“…However, only two hydrogen-enriched fuels, HCNG and HVO, were selected for the purpose of this work. This is due to the analysis carried out by the authors in a number of their articles [25,48,49] in which we presented the concept of using dual-fuel engines in the future, whose overall efficiency exceeds both conventional CI and Spark Ignition (SI) engines, and the flexibility of fuel use is practically unlimited. These engines require both high-octane and high-cetane fuels at the same time, which means that two fuels with diametrically opposed properties must be used.…”

“…These engines require both high-octane and high-cetane fuels at the same time, which means that two fuels with diametrically opposed properties must be used. The selection of two fuels with the lowest carbon dioxide emissions allows you to determine how low carbon dioxide emissions will be possible in the future for ICE, the use of which in the power industry and heavy industry will not be phased out in Europe by 2050 [25,48].…”