“…The geometric opening and quantity Θ 0 turned out to be important tool in the creation of the theory of Fredholm operators in Banach spaces [GK], [K1]. They are repeatedly used in the theory of operators in Banach spaces (see, in particular, [AZ], [CPY], [GM2], [Go], [GoM], [MeS], [Sob], [Va2], [Va3]), Fredholm and semi-Fredholm complexes of Banach spaces (see [AV], [A], [Do], [F], [FS], [Va1]).…”