Homogeneous phenomenon of the graft when using different genotype characteristic of recipients/donors in living donor liver transplantation

Chiu, King-Wah; Nakano, Toshiaki; Chen, Kuang‐Den; Hsu, Li-Wen; Lai, Chia-Yun; Chiu, Ho-Ching; Huang, Chao‐Cheng; Cheng, Yu‐Fan; Goto, Shigeru; Chen, Chao‐Long

doi:10.4254/wjh.v5.i11.642

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…A different primer for the PCR assay was used with a forward primer 5′-CACCCTGATGTCCAGCAGAAA CT-3′ and reverse primer 5′-AATAGAAAGCAGATGAACCAGAGCC-3′. The probe was prepared with 5′-TTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTACCTCCTCCCTCCTTCTCCATGTAC-3′ for CYP3A4*18-G and 5′-TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTACCTCCTCCCTCCTTCTCC ATGTAT-3′ for CYP3A4*18-A [ 12 ]. Based on the haplotypes of the SNP from PCR-RFLP, three polymorphism genotypes were expressed as T/T, T/C and C/C by CYP3A4*18.…”

Section: Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytochrome P450 in living donor liver transplantation

et al. 2015

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Cytochrome P450 metabolizes many drugs in the liver. Three genotypes of CYP2C19 with extensive, intermediate, and poor metabolizing activity, respectively, have been identified in peripheral blood of transplant recipients and new liver grafts in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). The expression of the final genotype in liver graft biopsies depends on the donor, whereas the expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells depends on the recipient. The metabolizing isoenzyme of the major anti-rejection agents passes through CYP3A4, CYP3A5 and MDR1, which have also been identified to have similar biological characteristics as genotype of CYP2C19 in liver tissue. Recently, pyrosequencing has been used to investigate the expressions of different genotypes in liver grafts in LDLT. This review focuses on recent findings regarding the biological expressions of the CYP2C19, CYP3A4, CYP3A5 and MRD1 genotypes in liver grafts before and after LDLT. The application of pyrosequencing may be beneficial in further research on liver transplantation. Laser capture microdissection of hepatocytes in liver grafts may be a direction for future research.

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Section: Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytochrome P450 in living donor liver transplantation

et al. 2015

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“…This is further evidence that HCC recurrence at different time points is associated with the activity of different biomarkers in circulating blood [ 14 ]. In our recent study, in donor grafts, specific protein expression did not change in the peripheral blood in the LDLT recipients [ 15 ] and was homogenous in the new liver [ 16 – 18 ]. One possible reason is that most HCC recurrences in the present study were isolated distant metastases (77.8%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeated-Measures Implication of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Biomarkers in Living Donor Liver Transplantation

et al. 2015

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ObjectiveHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its recurrence are major problems in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). Several biomarkers have been used to investigate this event. We conducted a prospective controlled study to determine the activities of the basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2), survivin, Ki67, endostatin, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in different conditions before, early after, and late after LDLT with and without HCC recurrence.MethodsFifty patients with virus-related HCC who underwent LDLT were enrolled in this 2-year cross-sectional study. During the study period, recurrent HCC was identified in 9 patients (study group, n = 9) and 41 patients (control group, n = 41) had no recurrence after LDLT. The mean time to HCC recurrence was 587.11 ± 398.64 days (range, 90–1352 days). Microvascular invasion (MVI) was found in 66.7% (6/9) of the recipients, as determined on pathological examination. The serum biomarkers were investigated by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at the different LDLT stages.ResultsThe serum levels of the biomarkers significantly correlated with LDLT and HCC recurrence in the repeated-measures analysis (F = 31.676, P = 0.000). Significant differences were observed in the effects of all biomarkers (F = 85.313, P = 0.000) and the time to HCC recurrence after LDLT (F = 3.178, P = 0.046). The biomarkers, ordered by the observed power of the test for HCC recurrence after LDLT, were FGF-2 (1.000) > survivin (0.999) > Ki67 (0.949) > endostatin (0.411) > VEGF (0.305).ConclusionsDifferent biomarker activities may be implicated in the pathogenesis of HCC recurrence after LDLT. Oncogenes may not exist in the new graft but may still be present in the peripheral blood. The timing of HCC recurrence and impact of MVI in the explanted liver requires confirmation in larger studies with a longer follow-up.

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“…PyroMark Q24 Plate containing the samples was heated at 80 o C for 2 min using a PyroMark Q24 Plate Holder and a heating block. The plate was then removed from the plate holder and the samples were allowed to cool to room temperature (15 -25 o C) for at least 5 min, and the reagents, including enzyme and substrate mixtures, and nucleotides were added to the cartridge (PyroMark Q24, Qiagen) [7]. The samples were analyzed using a PyroMark Q24 system (Qiagen) according to standard protocols.…”

Section: Pyrosequencing For Aldh2 *2 Genotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

TaqMan Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction and Pyrosequencing using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Protocol for Rapid Determination of ALDH2 *2 in a Chinese Population

Li¹,

Wu²,

Zhang³

et al. 2015

Trop. J. Pharm Res

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Purpose: To establish a rapid molecular method for the detection of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), and determine whether the polymorphic ALDH2 gene is associated with drinking behavior in a Chinese population.Methods: The gene polymorphism of ALDH2 *2 was detected using pyrosequencing and TaqMan realtime polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. Genotyping of 176 volunteers were performed at The Third Hospital of Wuhan, Hubei, China. Genetic associations with alcohol use behavior was assessed.Results: Pyrosequencing and TaqMan real time PCR methods were successfully developed to identify ALDH2 *2 polymorphisms. The allele frequencies of ALDH2 *2 were 21.31 % in the Chinese population. While the genotype frequency of heterozygous ALDH2 *1/ *2 plus homozygous ALDH2 *2/ *2 was 46.67 % in non-drinkers, it was 30.17 % in the alcoholics group (p = 0.030). The allele frequency of ALDH2 *2 was 15.09 % in the alcoholics group and 28.33 % among non-drinkers (p = 0.011). There were substantial differences in allele frequencies of ALDH2 genotypes between this study’s Chinese sample and other ethnic groups in Asia; the frequency of ALDH2 *2 allele was significantly higher than that in European and Americans.Conclusion: The developed pyrosequencing and TaqMan real time PCR methods are rapid, accurate, high-throughput, convenient, and reliable for detecting ALDH2 polymorphisms. ALDH2 *2 gene protects against the development of alcoholism. The frequencies of ALDH2 in this Chinese population differ from those of other ethnic populations.Keywords: Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, Polymorphism, TaqMan real time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Pyrosequencing, Allele, Alcoholics, Genotype frequency

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Homogeneous phenomenon of the graft when using different genotype characteristic of recipients/donors in living donor liver transplantation

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Cytochrome P450 in living donor liver transplantation

Cytochrome P450 in living donor liver transplantation

Repeated-Measures Implication of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Biomarkers in Living Donor Liver Transplantation

TaqMan Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction and Pyrosequencing using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Protocol for Rapid Determination of ALDH2 *2 in a Chinese Population

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