Homogenization Methods in Simulations of Transcutaneous Energy Transmitters

Abstract

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Recursive Domain Decomposition Approach in 2-D Time-Harmonic Wireless Power Transfer Simulations Considering Litz Wires

“…The state vector x L will be visible for the parent model but all other variables (a i in this case) are eliminated. The vector a i can be recovered from the state vector x L by using (11).…”

“…The skin and proximity effects were separated by analytically computing the losses purely caused by the skin effect. The AC resistance of an individual strand in the litz wire can be computed as (see (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) in [32])…”

“…This simplification however loses a lot of the information about how eddy currents and proximity effect affect the current distribution in and between the wires. It would require the use of special techniques, such as homogenization [10], [11], [12], [13], to incorporate the proximity information in the models. This information is crucial in order to optimize coil designs, in order to improve efficiency, and avoid local overheating of the winding.…”

Surface Impedance Boundary Condition With Circuit Coupling for the 3-D Finite-Element Modeling of Wireless Power Transfer

“…The skin and proximity effects appearing at the working frequency level (tens of kHz for the transfer of high power) require a high refinement of the conductors volume mesh, making massive conductors formulations hardly applicable. The resorts to stranded conductors [2] or homogenization technique [3] have therefore been investigated. Here, profit is taken from a 3D surface impedance boundary condition (SIBC) [4]- [5] to avoid the volume mesh inside the conductors and relax the computational constraints without using homogenization.…”

A 25 kW industrial prototype wireless electric vehicle charger

“…The power flow is regulated using a suitable switch mode controller to charge the battery with a constant current (CC) and constant voltage (CV) operations [8]- [9]. The recently published studies on stationary wireless energy transfer deal with optimization and design concerns of the system resonant and magnetic coil parameters [10]- [11]. However, there has been little investigation on high power applications and their effect on the wireless system performance [12]- [16].…”