Homogenizing and Estimating the Uncertainty in NOAA’s Long Term Vertical Ozone Profile Records Measured with the Electrochemical Concentration Cell Ozonesonde

Sterling, Chance W.; Johnson, B. J.; Oltmans, S. J.; Smit, H. G. J.; Jordan, A. F.; Cullis, Patrick; Hall, Emrys G.; Thompson, A. M.; Witte, J. C.

doi:10.5194/amt-2017-397

Cited by 23 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Uncertainties in the background/current term (red) are highest around the tropopause region where ozone measurements are a minimum (gray line) and I B approaches I M , meaning the total uncertainty approaches the measured signal. This is similar to the results in Witte et al () that reported on ozone uncertainties in the reprocessed tropical Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesondes data set and Sterling et al () that presented uncertainty estimates for profiles at eight NOAA ozonesonde stations.…”

Section: Uncertainties In the Wff Reprocessed Ozone Recordssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Over time, refinements in operating procedure protocols, changes in the ECC instrument, and adjustments in the sensing solution have created inhomogeneities in the long‐term station data records (van Malderen et al, ; Sterling et al, ; Tarasick et al, ; Witte et al, ). We apply well‐established guidelines from Smit12 for reprocessing and homogenizing the July 1995 to July 2018 WFF ozonesonde records.…”

Section: Wff Reprocessing Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We assume Smit and ASOPOS () simulated a midlatitude “clean air” profile where I M is small relative to I B in the lower troposphere, resulting in the Δ I B /Δ I M term being dominant. Sterling et al () provided an evaluation of the ozone uncertainty budget for an individual launch at the Boulder, CO, USA site. Similar to our analysis, total ozone uncertainties for the Boulder case maximize at 7.5% around the tropopause and are a minimum in the stratosphere where the uncertainty due to the conversion efficiency dominates.…”

Section: Uncertainties In the Wff Reprocessed Ozone Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Significant outcomes from the ASOPOS community are (1) recommended standard operating procedures (SOPs) for ECCs that are outlined in the WMO/GAW (World Meteorological Organization/Global Atmospheric Watch) Report #201 (Smit & ASOPOS, ), (2) guidelines for reprocessing ozonesonde data records to correct for known biases in the measurement system, published in Smit and O3S‐DQA (; hereafter referred to as Smit12), and (3) a method for estimating ozone partial pressure uncertainties in the ozonesonde measurement system, also in Smit12. To date, data records from roughly 30 stations worldwide have been reprocessed and evaluated using the Smit12 guidelines (van Malderen et al, ; Sterling et al, ; Tarasick et al, ; Thompson et al, ; Witte et al, , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The NASA Wallops Flight Facility Digital Ozonesonde Record: Reprocessing, Uncertainties, and Dual Launches

et al. 2019

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The NASA Wallops Flight Facility (WFF; Wallops Is., VA, USA) is the longest continuously operating ozonesonde station in the continental United States (since 1970). The well‐established WFF ozonesonde system comprises a Science Pump Corporation (SPC) electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) ozone sensor with a 1% potassium iodide and phosphate buffer sensing solution type (SST), interfaced with a Lockheed Martin Sippican radiosonde that provides winds, GPS coordinates, pressure, temperature, and relative humidity. A major milestone has been achieved with the reprocessing of the WFF ozone profiles during the digital measurement era (since 1995) to remove known biases and improve overall accuracy. We present an overview of the reprocessing methods and evaluate the homogenized data set relative to the original records, colocated Dobson, and satellite overpasses. Reprocessing yields modest changes in total column ozone by up to 3%, affirming the high data quality of the original ozone records. First estimates of ozone uncertainty are summarized and found to be consistent with estimates from previous studies. WFF has a history of evaluating ozonesonde performance via dual sonde launches that have tested standard operating procedures and combinations of ECC sensors and SST formulae. This rich data set illustrates how various ECC/SST combinations affect the ozone measurement. Results from the dual launches reaffirm the World Meteorological Organization recommended standard operating procedures where the ozone agreement between the SPC/1% Buffer and EN‐SCI/0.5% Half Buffer pair is well within ±5% throughout the profile. Tests of the SST under field conditions reveal the high sensitivity of ozone measurements to the buffer strength.

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Section: Uncertainties In the Wff Reprocessed Ozone Recordssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Wff Reprocessing Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Uncertainties In the Wff Reprocessed Ozone Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The NASA Wallops Flight Facility Digital Ozonesonde Record: Reprocessing, Uncertainties, and Dual Launches

et al. 2019

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“…Van Malderen et al () also applied Smit12 uncertainties to the ECC ozonesonde measurements at Uccle (Belgium). Sterling et al () applied the formula to two SHADOZ stations (Hilo, Hawaii, and Pago Pago, American Samoa), Boulder, CO, and the South Pole, and Tarasick et al () applied their own uncertainty estimates to the Canadian ozonesonde records, taking into account the uncertainty terms in equation . We take advantage of theses studies to compare with our methods and results.…”

Section: The Ozone Uncertainty Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Reprocessing of Southern Hemisphere ADditional OZonesondes Profile Records: 3. Uncertainty in Ozone Profile and Total Column

et al. 2018

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Reprocessed ozonesonde data from eight SHADOZ (Southern Hemisphere ADditional OZonesondes) sites have been used to derive the first analysis of uncertainty estimates for both profile and total column ozone (TCO). The ozone uncertainty is a composite of the uncertainties of the individual terms in the ozone partial pressure (PO3) equation, those being the ozone sensor current, background current, internal pump temperature, pump efficiency factors, conversion efficiency, and flow rate. Overall, PO3 uncertainties (ΔPO3) are within 15% and peak around the tropopause (15 ± 3 km) where ozone is a minimum and ΔPO3 approaches the measured signal. The uncertainty in the background and sensor currents dominates the overall ΔPO3 in the troposphere including the tropopause region, while the uncertainties in the conversion efficiency and flow rate dominate in the stratosphere. Seasonally, ΔPO3 is generally a maximum in the March–May, with the exception of SHADOZ sites in Asia, for which the highest ΔPO3 occurs in September–February. As a first approach, we calculate sonde TCO uncertainty (ΔTCO) by integrating the profile ΔPO3 and adding the ozone residual uncertainty, derived from the McPeters and Labow (2012, doi:10.1029/2011JD017006) 1σ ozone mixing ratios. Overall, ΔTCO are within ±15 Dobson units (DU), representing ~5–6% of the TCO. Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer and Ozone Monitoring Instrument (TOMS and OMI) satellite overpasses are generally within the sonde ΔTCO. However, there is a discontinuity between TOMS v8.6 (1998 to September 2004) and OMI (October 2004–2016) TCO on the order of 10 DU that accounts for the significant 16 DU overall difference observed between sonde and TOMS. By comparison, the sonde‐OMI absolute difference for the eight stations is only ~4 DU.

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Investigating the utility of hyperspectral sounders in the 9.6 μm band to improve ozone analyses

Karpowicz

McCarty

Wargan

2021

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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Hyperspectral sounder brightness temperatures assimilated in the Global Earth Observing System Atmospheric Data Assimilation System (GEOS‐ADAS) were previously limited to assimilating temperature and moisture. The ozone‐sensitive 9.6 μm region is sensed by several hyperspectral sounders including AIRS (Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder), IASI (Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer), and CrIS (Cross‐track Infrared Sounder). Direct assimilation of brightness temperatures in the 9.6 μm region have been operational at ECMWF for several years. With this study, similar improvements using the GEOS‐ADAS are presented. Channels were selected from available operational subsets evaluating information content and minimizing inter‐channel correlation. Additionally, information such as channel selections made by other studies, and vertical sensitivities of ozone and temperature were considered. The analyses produced show improvements verified against ozonesondes taken from SHADOZ (Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesondes) and WOUDC (World Ozone and Ultraviolet Data Center). This work will be added to the GEOS‐ADAS and will provide an improved source of ozone data in NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office products.

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Homogenizing and Estimating the Uncertainty in NOAA’s Long Term Vertical Ozone Profile Records Measured with the Electrochemical Concentration Cell Ozonesonde

Cited by 23 publications

References 35 publications

The NASA Wallops Flight Facility Digital Ozonesonde Record: Reprocessing, Uncertainties, and Dual Launches

The NASA Wallops Flight Facility Digital Ozonesonde Record: Reprocessing, Uncertainties, and Dual Launches

First Reprocessing of Southern Hemisphere ADditional OZonesondes Profile Records: 3. Uncertainty in Ozone Profile and Total Column

Investigating the utility of hyperspectral sounders in the 9.6 μm band to improve ozone analyses

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