Homologies geologiques entre les deux rives du detroit de Gibraltar

Didon, Jean; Durand-Delga, Michel; Kornprobst, Jacques

doi:10.2113/gssgfbull.s7-xv.2.77

Cited by 186 publications

(123 citation statements)

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“…However, characterization of an independent Mesozoic Ghomaride cover with respect to the carbonate Jurassic strata of the Dorsale Calcaire, on one hand (Maat6 1984(Maat6 , 1996E1 Kadiri 1991;E1 Kadiri et al 1992), and detailed stratigraphic analyses of the entire Mesozoic successions of both the Internal and the External Dorsale, on the other hand (Nold et al 1981;E1 Kadiri 1984E1 Kadiri , 1991Olivier 1984;E1 Hatimi 1991;Maat6 1996), led to the two latter being assigned to the palaeomargin bordering westwards and/or southwards the Rif 'Internal zones'. This result appears in accordance with the concept of a 'Predorsalian zone' (Didon et al 1973) that palaeogeographically corresponded to the deepest part of this palaeomargin (e.g. Chrafate Klippes units, Assifane units, E1 Hatimi 1982;El Kadiri 1984;El Hatimi et al 1988;Ben Ya'ich et al 1988).…”

Section: Regional Correlations Rif Internides-externides 195supporting

confidence: 87%

“…This palaeogeographical setting proved to be identical to that proposed by Raoult (1974) for the Algerian 'Prekabyle basement'. Concurrently, Didon et al (1973) defined the Predorsalian units as corresponding to a narrow basin externally bordering the Dorsale Calcaire units. It is noteworthy that the Predorsalian zone was characterized by the Aquitanian Numidian-like sandstones (the so-called 'Beliounis sandstones'), which were fundamentally defined in the J. Moussa Group itself.…”

Section: Regional Correlations Rif Internides-externides 195mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stratigraphic reconstructions carried out mainly by Durand-Delga (1972) and Durand Delga & Didon (1984a,b) On the whole, these flysch series were used to define the Maghi'ebian 'Flysch Trough' (Didon et al 1973;Bourgois 1978;Durand-Delga 1980;Martin-Algarra 1987), along which the Mauretanian flyschs were located, close to the A1KaPeCa palaeomargin (Bouillin et al 1986). In contrast, the Massylian flyschs were located close to the African palaeomargin (e.g.…”

Section: Regional Correlations Rif Internides-externides 195mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regional correlations across the Internides-Externides front (northwestern Rif Belt, Morocco) during the Late Cretaceous-Early Burdigalian times: palaeogeographical and palaeotectonic implications

Kadiri

Hlila

Galdeano

et al. 2006

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New insights into the palaeogeographical evolution of the Rifian Internides and their external surroundings are inferred from six key stratigraphic successions selected across the Internides-Externides front. These successions span a time interval ranging from the late Cretaceous to the early Burdigalian. The main results are: (1) important lost palaeogeographical domains should be located during the late Cretaceous-Eocene between the present-day Ghomarides and the Dorsale Calcaire, on one hand, and between the Predorsalian units and the Flysch Trough as isolated carbonate platforms, on the other hand; (2) during the late Eocene-early Oligocene an extensional tectonic event, well marked in the Dorsale Calcaire, caused the collapse of these platforms and resulted in olistostromes and coarse-grained breccias in both the Predorsalian and the Btni Ider areas; (3) by the beginning of mid-Oligocene, an overturning contractional event in the Ghomarides resulted in the regional onset of the siliciclastic depositional regime throughtout these palaeogeographical areas; (4) during the Aquitanian-early Burdigalian, the stepwise return of pelagic deposition in the Ghomarides indicates extensional phases, whereas the homogenization of the same pelagic facies over the Dorsale Calcaire and its external surroundings may indicate that the previously distant palaeogeographical areas were brought nearer (i.e. just before large-scale thrusting).The Gibraltar arc consists of two juxtaposed structural domains: (1) the Internal Domain, (Internides) where the orogenic contractions started from Oligocene time and generally resulted in high-grade metamorphism, particularly in its innermost part; (2) the External Domain (Externides), where the outward migrating orogenic contractions during Miocene time progressively produced piggyback-foredeep basins and ramp-anticline structures. The culmination of these phenomena during the paroxysmal phase resulted in a high accretionary prism and successive large-scale gravitational processes (Chalouan et al. 2006).The Tertiary sedimentary filling within and/or close to these forming basins was differently interpreted in both domains. Whereas there is acceptance that the filling of the main flysch depocentres in the External Domain occurred shortly before the paroxysmal nappe emplacement, or even as syntectonic deposits, competing hypotheses were presented for the equivalent strata in the Internal domain. Some workers attempted to link them to postorogenic deposits transgressively sealing the paroxysmal structures (e.g. Durand-Delga et al. 1993), whereas others considered them as recording a near-continuous marine regime entirely predating the main orogenic events (e.g. Maat6 1996). Recently, detailed stratigraphic studies of the Oligo-Miocene cover were carried out in the Malaguides (Guerrera et al. 1993;Martin-Martin et al.

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Section: Regional Correlations Rif Internides-externides 195supporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Regional Correlations Rif Internides-externides 195mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regional Correlations Rif Internides-externides 195mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regional correlations across the Internides-Externides front (northwestern Rif Belt, Morocco) during the Late Cretaceous-Early Burdigalian times: palaeogeographical and palaeotectonic implications

Kadiri

Hlila

Galdeano

et al. 2006

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“…In winter, winds are humid from the west, linked to the Azores High which is centered on the Canary Islands, but when the anticyclone is displaced on the Iberian side, the often violent winds are NE direction. In summer it is a warm, dry east wind (Chergui) which blows in gusts (speed over 50kms / h) 2 to 3 days in a row, several times a month.Tangier is located in the external domain of the Rif's chain, where the Rif is the western end of the Maghrebian Alpine chain outcropping along the Mediterranean coast of North Africa from Calabria to the Gibraltar Arc [18][19]. The elevation of the region is characterized by massifs of low mountains bordered by hills with a powerful sandstone mass of the Numidian nappe which generally occupies a high structural position.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Weights of evidence method for landslide susceptibility mapping in Tangier, Morocco

Mahfoud

Brahim

2018

MATEC Web Conf.

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Abstract. Tangier region is known by a high density of mass movements which cause several human and economic losses. The goal of this paper is to assess the landslide susceptibility of Tangier using the Weight of Evidence method (WofE). The method is founded on the principle that an event (landslide) is more likely to occur based on the relationship between the presence or absence of a predictive variable (predisposing factors) and the occurrence of this event. The inventory, description and analysis of mass movements were prepared. Then the main factors governing their occurrence (lithology, fault, slope, elevation, exposure, drainage and land use) were mapped before applying WofE. Finally, the ROC curves were established and the areas under curves (AUC) were calculated to evaluate the degree of fit of the model and to choose the best landslide susceptibility zonation. The prediction accuracy was found to be 70%. Obtained susceptibility map shows that 60% of inventoried landslides are in the high to very high susceptibility zones, which is very satisfactory for the validation of the adopted model and the obtained results. These zones are mainly located in the N-E and E part of the Tangier region in the soft and fragile facies of the marls and clays of the Tangier unit, where landuse is characterized by dominance of arable and agricultural land (lack of forest cover). From a purely spatial point of view, the localization of these two classes of susceptibility is completely corresponding to the ground truth data, that is to say that all the environmental and anthropogenic conditions are in place for making this area prone to landslide hazards. The obtained map is a decision-making tool for presenting, comparing and discussing development and urban scenarios in Tangier. These results fall within the context of sustainable development and will help to mitigate the socio-economic impacts usually observed when landslides are triggered.

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“…Unidades similares existen en otros sectores de la Zona Interna Bético-Rifeña: en las proximidades de Ceuta las unidades de Federico (Durand-Delga y Kornprobst, 1963;Didon et al, 1973), en el área de Casares (Didon et al, 1973;Sanz de Galdeano, 1997;Sanz de Galdeano et al, 1999), al NE de Granada (Sanz de Galdeano et al, 1995, en Cartagena (García-Tortosa et al, 2000), etc. Se trata, a diferencia de lo que opinan Miikel y Rondeel (1979) y Miikel (1981) de un conjunto de unid.ades que formaron el tránsito paleogeográfico entre ambos complejos, lo que significa que el límite entre estos complejos no fue abrupto sino gradual, correspondiendo a una amplia banda.…”

Section: Significado Paleogeográfico De Las Unidades Intermediasunclassified

Untitled

Galdeano¹,

Martı́n-Martı́n²,

Estévez³

2000

Estud. geol.

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En la parte sur de Sierra Espuña existen cinco unidades tectónicas, la superior del complejo Maláguide, debajo tres de carácter intermedio y en posición inferior una unidad alpujárride. Varias escamas tectónicas descritas en anteriores trabajos dentro de la unidad maláguide no existen sino que corresponden alternancias puramente estratigráficas. El desplazamiento tectónico de las unidades, de acuerdo con las vergencias de las estructuras menores se produjo hacia el SSE y hacia el E, según las coordenadas actuales. Los grandes pliegues y las fallas presentan vergencias hacia el S, SE YE, formando un arco convexo hacia el S, debido al arrastre producido por la falla de desgarre sinistrorsa y normal del borde SE de Sierra Espuña. Esta sierra ha sufrido un notable levantamiento, de 825 m al menos en algunos puntos, desde el Mioceno superior a la actualidad. La existencia de las unidades intermedias entre el complejo Maláguide y el Alpujárride, indica que el tránsito paleogeográfico entre ambos complejos no fue brusco sino progresivo. ABSTRACTThere are five tectonic units in the south part of Sierra Espuña; the upper one belongs to the Malaguide Complex, below there are three units of an intermediate character between the Malaguide and Alpujarride complexes, and in the lowest position exists one Alpujarride unit. Several thrust sheets, formely distinguished in previous papers, affecting the Malaguide unit do not exist, merely corresponding to stratigraphic features. The tectonic transport of the units, as indicate the minor structures, show two directions, towards the SSE and the E, according the present coordinates. These units has been affected by reverse faults and folds facing to the S, SE and E, forming an arc convex to the S, feature than can be formed later, caused for the movement of a left strike-slip and normal fault, affecting the SE border of Sierra Espuña. This sierra has undergo an important uplift, at least of 825 m in sorne points, from the Late Miocene to the presento The existence of intermediate units between the Malaguide and Alpujarride complexes, show that the paleogeographic passage between both complexes was not sharp, but gradual.

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Homologies geologiques entre les deux rives du detroit de Gibraltar

Abstract: Detailed geology, microfossils, petrology

Cited by 186 publications

References 0 publications

Regional correlations across the Internides-Externides front (northwestern Rif Belt, Morocco) during the Late Cretaceous-Early Burdigalian times: palaeogeographical and palaeotectonic implications

Regional correlations across the Internides-Externides front (northwestern Rif Belt, Morocco) during the Late Cretaceous-Early Burdigalian times: palaeogeographical and palaeotectonic implications

Weights of evidence method for landslide susceptibility mapping in Tangier, Morocco

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