Homoserine and alpha-Aminoadipic Acid in Green Plants.

Berg, A.; Kari, Sigrid; Alfthan, Magnus; Virtanen, Artturi I.

doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.08-0358

Cited by 30 publications

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“…A radioactive amino acid, present in pea roots after aspartic acid-2,3-C*'' was administered, cochromatographed with synthetic homoserine. Homoserine has been reported to occur in sizeable concentrations in peas and other plants (Virtanen and Miettinen, 1953;Mietinen, 1955;Berg et al, 1954). We confirmed this, and in addition found that pea leaves and young fruits were capable of synthesizing homoserine from aspartate, but stems were not.…”

Section: Metabolism In Roots Stems and Coleoptiles In Comparison Withsupporting

confidence: 85%

Aspartic‐C¹⁴ Acid Metabolism in Leaves, Roots, and Stems

Naylor

Rabson

Tolbert

1958

Physiologia Plantarum

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Section: Metabolism In Roots Stems and Coleoptiles In Comparison Withsupporting

confidence: 85%

Aspartic‐C¹⁴ Acid Metabolism in Leaves, Roots, and Stems

Naylor

Rabson

Tolbert

1958

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…The amounts of (3-alanine, tryptophan and canavanine were .so low that no changes conld he ohserved. a-Aminoadipic acid was found in peas hy Berg et al (1954), and Roponen (1969) has proposed that it is a constituent of the pea plant and not of Rhizohia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Darkness on the Leghemoglobin Content and Amino Acid Levels in the Root Nodules of Pea Plants

Roponen¹

1970

Physiologia Plantarum

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The dependence of the nitrogen fixing system in the root nodules of pea plants (Pisum sativum) L. cv. Torsdag II) on light induced reactions was studied. The pots of the inoculated pea plants, after the nolules had fixed nitrogen for a fornight, were transferred to a dark room. The control plants were kept under normal lighting conditions. The decay of leghemoglobin was measured after photosynthesis had ceased. In the dark the red nodules turned green in three days, when about half of the haem had been broken down. The plants in normal lighting conditions had maintained the red nodules. The appearence of leghemoglobin and bacteroids was simultaneouos. In normal lighting conditions the number of bacteroids was about 1.6 × 108 per g fresh nodules. The appearance of leghemoglobin and bacteroids was simultaneous. In normal lighting conditons the number of bacteroids was bout 1.6 × 108 per g fresh nodules. At the same time as the nodules turned green in the dark most of the bacteroids disappeared and the number of rod‐shaped bacteria increased. After five days int the dark thenumber of bacteria of the green nodules was 2.2 × 108 per g fresh nodules. A large increase of of bacteria in the nodules is one of the results after the termination of effective symbiosis. Quantitative estimations were made with an automatic amino acid analysator of the amino acid composition in the root nodules of pea plants grown in the light and of pea plants grown in the dark. Altogether 27 amino acids and amides and 3 unknown ninhydrin positive compounds were found in the free amino acid fraction. In the red N‐fixing nodules asparagine, the amide of aspartic acid, was the most prominent (more than 50 per cent of the total amino acid fraction), indicating the energy charge of the nitrogen fixation. 5 days in the dark affected the proportions of the amino acids as follows. Asparagine, homoserine, γ‐aminobutyric acid and ethanolamine were decreased and the most of the others increased. In the hydrolysate of the non‐soluble protein fraction 25 amino acids could be detected. The proportions of the amino acids in the root nodules of light‐grown and dark‐grown pea plants were very similar. Hydroxyproline and α, γ‐diaminopimelic acid (DAP) were found in these fraction. Most of the DAP was contained in the peptide fraction. Also hydroxyproline was found to a small extent. It was assumed that the amino acids in this fraction were derived from the peptides of both plant cells and rhizobia.

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Neue Amino‐ und Ketosäuren in grünen Pflanzen und die Biosynthese der Aminosäuren

Virtanen

1955

Angewandte Chemie

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Der quantitativ wichtigste Syntheseweg der Pflanzen zu Aminosauren verlauft uber das Ammoniak, wenn auch dem Hydroxylamin als Zwischenprodukt der Nitrat-Reduktion eine wesentliche Rolle zufallen mag. Es ist gelungen, die Oxime der im Stoffwechsel zentralen a-Ketosauren sowohl in Hefe als in grunen Pflanzen zu identifizieren. Eine unerwartete Anzahl neuer Aminosauren wurde aus verschiedenen Pflanzen isoliert und strukturell aufgeklart. Die entsprechenden neuen a-Ketosauren wurden auch in den entsprechenden Pflanzen in den meisten Fallen gefunden, wodurch die experimentelle Begrundung der Annahme vorhanden ist, dal3 diese Aminosauren durch Transaminierung entstehen konnen. Die mit Hilfe moderner Untenuchungsmethoden (Austauscher, Papierchromatographie) in den letzten Jahren aus Pflanzen und Mikroorganismen isolierten Keto-und Aminosauren werden beschrieben. Grundlagen der AminosluraSynthese in PflanzenWghrend der letzten. zwei Jahrzehnte hat unSer Wissen aber die Bildung der Baustoffe der Proteine, der Aminosauren, in erster Linie dadur& cine zuverlassige Grundlage ,,,halten, da% Enzymsysteme entdeckt sind, welche sowohl bei der primtire,, als bei der sekundgren Synthese, der Aminosauren cine zentrale Rolle spielen. B~reits in den 19mer Jahren stellten Quasfel und woolfl) mit ruhenden Coli-Bakterien die Synthese von L-Asparaginslure Bus Fumarstiure und Ammoniak fest.entsprechende Enzym, die A s p a r t a s e , auS Pseudomonas fluorescens in waBriger Lbsung + 2 H erhaltena). Das Enzym ist auBerordentlich HooC-(CHz)~-CHNHa-CooH -Ha I ) J . H . Quasfel u. B. &oolf, Biochem. J. 20, 545 [1926]; B . Woolf, ebenda 23 472[1929]. a) A. I . Virfhnen u. J. Tarnanen Biochem. Z. 250, 13 [1932].

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Homoserine and alpha-Aminoadipic Acid in Green Plants.

Cited by 30 publications

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Aspartic‐C¹⁴ Acid Metabolism in Leaves, Roots, and Stems

Aspartic‐C¹⁴ Acid Metabolism in Leaves, Roots, and Stems

The Effect of Darkness on the Leghemoglobin Content and Amino Acid Levels in the Root Nodules of Pea Plants

Neue Amino‐ und Ketosäuren in grünen Pflanzen und die Biosynthese der Aminosäuren

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Homoserine and alpha-Aminoadipic Acid in Green Plants.

Cited by 30 publications

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Aspartic‐C14 Acid Metabolism in Leaves, Roots, and Stems

Aspartic‐C14 Acid Metabolism in Leaves, Roots, and Stems

The Effect of Darkness on the Leghemoglobin Content and Amino Acid Levels in the Root Nodules of Pea Plants

Neue Amino‐ und Ketosäuren in grünen Pflanzen und die Biosynthese der Aminosäuren

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Aspartic‐C¹⁴ Acid Metabolism in Leaves, Roots, and Stems

Aspartic‐C¹⁴ Acid Metabolism in Leaves, Roots, and Stems