Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: modern aspects of pathogenesis, diagnostics and treatment

Зафираки, В. К.; Космачева, Е. Д.; Захарова, И. Н.; Korneva, Viktoria; Сусеков, А. В.

doi:10.21518/2079-701x-2018-17-253-259

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…LDL cholesterol and VLDL cholesterol are the most atherogenic lipoproteins. These lipoproteins induce atherogenesis by changing the properties of the endothelium, promoting cell adhesion, and inducing the production of monocytes, macrophages, and the proliferation of smooth muscle cells [24]. Fenton reactions (metal ion catalysis) in the intima lead to reactive oxygen species that can modify the structure of LDL particles, transforming them into oxidized LDL particles [25].…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Atherosclerosis from Newborn to Adult—Epidemiology, Pathological Aspects, and Risk Factors

Luca,

David,

David

et al. 2023

Life

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Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity throughout the world, accounting for 16.7 million deaths each year. The underlying pathological process for the majority of cardiovascular diseases is atherosclerosis, a slowly progressing, multifocal, chronic, immune-inflammatory disease that involves the intima of large and medium-sized arteries. The process of atherosclerosis begins in childhood as fatty streaks—an accumulation of lipids, inflammatory cells, and smooth muscle cells in the arterial wall. Over time, a more complex lesion develops into an atheroma and characteristic fibrous plaques. Atherosclerosis alone is rarely fatal; it is the further changes that render fibrous plaques vulnerable to rupture; plaque rupture represents the most common cause of coronary thrombosis. The prevalence of atherosclerosis is increasing worldwide and more than 50% of people with circulatory disease die of it, mostly in modern societies. Epidemiological studies have revealed several environmental and genetic risk factors that are associated with the early formation of a pathogenic foundation for atherosclerosis, such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and smoking. The purpose of this review is to bring together the current information concerning the origin and progression of atherosclerosis in childhood as well as the identification of known risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in children.

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Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Atherosclerosis from Newborn to Adult—Epidemiology, Pathological Aspects, and Risk Factors

Luca,

David,

David

et al. 2023

Life

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…They are complex protein-lipid supramolecular complexes that transport cholesterol and polyunsaturated fatty acids to cells respectively. The receptor uptake of LDL-C by cells is the most important factor determining the cholesterol level in blood [20]. These LP fractions are the leading atherogenesis originators, they change the endothelium properties, promote blood cell adhesion and activation of monocyte/macrophage chemotaxis with subsequent proliferation of smooth muscle cells.…”

Section: Pathophysiological Aspects Of Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dyslipidemia in pediatrician’s practice

Burlutskaya

Polischuk

Покровский

2021

Rev. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Atherosclerosis ranks first among cardiovascular system diseases. It is the “disease of the century”, and more than 50% of people with circulatory pathology die of it. The clinical manifestation of atherosclerosis is observed at the middle and older ages, but it is known that the pathological process develops much earlier. There has been a clear trend in theoretical and practical cardiology in recent years to study the earliest atherogenic markers. Epidemiological, clinical, and morphological studies have proved the presence in children and adolescents of sexual, endogenous, exogenous, primary, and potentiating risk factors contributing to an early formation of a pathogenic foundation for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Disorders of lipid metabolism – dyslipidemias are attributed to the most significant risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. The DLP prevalence in the pediatric population is extremely high. According to the results of conducted global studies, lipid metabolism disorders occur in more than 70% of children and adolescents. It causes the need for timely diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive measures. The need to extrapolate the risk factor concept to childhood age is justified by several reasons, the main of which include the broadest spread of atherosclerosis that has become a global pandemic, genetic determinism, and low variability of the lipid spectrum of blood serum: the levels of lipids and lipoproteins discovered in childhood are stable throughout life and have an independent prognostic value. That is why the most practical significance is inherent to the study of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, starting in the early periods of lipid and lipoprotein ontogenesis. Since risk factors can be identified at the preclinical stage of the atherosclerotic process, dyslipidemia phenotyping will facilitate identifying children and adolescents at risk of developing cardiovascular pathologies in the future. The study objective is to examine the pathophysiological aspects of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism and examine DLP epidemiology – as the leading atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factor in children and adolescents, DLP classification, modern approaches to DLP diagnosis and management.

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Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: modern aspects of pathogenesis, diagnostics and treatment

Cited by 2 publications

References 35 publications

Atherosclerosis from Newborn to Adult—Epidemiology, Pathological Aspects, and Risk Factors

Atherosclerosis from Newborn to Adult—Epidemiology, Pathological Aspects, and Risk Factors

Dyslipidemia in pediatrician’s practice

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