Honey Bee Suppresses the Parasitic Mite Vitellogenin by Antimicrobial Peptide

Wu, Yunfei; Liu, Qiushi; Weiß, Benjamin; Kaltenpoth, Martin; Kadowaki, Tatsuhiko

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.01037

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The feeding activity of mites can increase pathogenicity of the virus through immunosuppression of bee host [52,56,57]. Recently, Wu et al described the tripartite interactions between honey bee pupae, T. mercedesae, and DWV and demonstrated that the expression levels of Defensin-1 and Hymenoptaecin are induced by DWV replication and T. mercedesae [58]. They found that the expression of hymenoptaecin in honeybee was negatively correlated with the mite vitellogenin (Vg) gene, which is essential for the reproduction of mite.…”

Section: Plos Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropilaelaps mercedesae parasitism changes behavior and gene expression in honey bee workers

Gao

Wang

et al. 2021

PLoS Pathog

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Tropilaelaps mercedesae is one of the most problematic honey bee parasites and has become more threatening to the beekeeping industry. Tropilaelaps can easily parasitize immature honey bees (larvae and pupae) and have both lethal and sublethal effects on the individual worker bees. Our study for the first time experimentally assessed the effects of T. mercedesae on olfactory learning, flight ability, homing ability as well as transcriptional changes in parasitized adult honey bees. T. mercedesae infestation had negative impacts on olfactory associated function, flight ability, and homing rate. The volume of the mushroom body significantly increased in infested honey bees, which may be correlated to the lower sucrose responsiveness as well as lower learning ability in the infested bees. The gene expression involved in immune systems and carbohydrate transport and metabolism were significantly different between infested bees and non-infested bees. Moreover, genes function in cell adhesion play an essential role in olfactory sensory in honey bees. Our findings provide a comprehensive understanding of European honey bees in response to T. mercedesae infestation, and could be used to further investigate the complex molecular mechanisms in honey bees under parasitic stress.

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Section: Plos Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropilaelaps mercedesae parasitism changes behavior and gene expression in honey bee workers

Gao

Wang

et al. 2021

PLoS Pathog

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“…(524-750) antibody at the indicated amount of protein for min, and then added to the pupal head cells for infection as above. The dissected pupal head cells were pre-incubated with either purified VP1 P-domain protein (Wu et al, 2020) or BSA at the indicated amount of protein in the Grace culture medium for 1 h. DWV was then added for infection as above. Pre-incubation was conducted at room temperature.…”

Section: Infection Of Honey Bee Pupal Cells By Dwvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…containing 5 % BSA for 1 h at room temperature followed by incubating with 1000-fold diluted anti-RdRP antibody (Wu et al, 2020) at 4 ℃ overnight. The membrane was washed three times with PBST (5 min each), and then incubated with 10,000-fold diluted IRDye® 680RD donkey anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) (LI-COR Biosciences) in PBST containing 5 % skim milk at room temperature for 1.5 h. The membrane was washed as above, and then visualized using Odyssey Imaging System (LI-COR Biosciences).…”

Section: Western Blotmentioning

confidence: 99%

DWV infection and replication at the early stagein vitrousing honey bee pupal cells

Kadowaki

2020

Preprint

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Deformed wing virus (DWV) has been best characterized among honey bee viruses; however, very little is known about the mechanisms of viral infection and replication due to the lack of honey bee cell lines. To resolve this problem, we established in vitro system to reconstitute DWV binding and entry to the host cell followed by translation of the genome RNA and the polyprotein processing with honey bee pupal cells. Using this system, P-domain of VP1 was found to be essential for DWV infection/replication but not binding/entry to the cell. DWV efficiently infects/replicates in cells derived from early but not late pupa, suggesting that the undifferentiated cells are targeted for the viral infection/replication. Furthermore, we found that inhibitors for mammalian picornavirus 3C-Protease, Rupintrivir and Quercetin suppress DWV infection/replication, indicating that this in vitro system is also useful for screening a compound to modify the viral infection/replication. Our in vitro system should help to understand the mechanisms of DWV infection and replication at the early stage.ImportanceRecent decline of managed honey bee colonies has been driven by the pathogens and parasites. However, studying the mechanisms of pathogen infection and replication in honey bee at molecular and cellular levels has been challenging. DWV is the most prevalent virus in honey bee across the globe and we established in vitro system to reconstitute the viral infection and replication with the primary pupal cells. Using RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) and the negative strand of DWV genome RNA as markers, we show that the pupal cells can support DWV infection and at least replication at the early stage. The results shown in this report indicate that our in vitro system helps to uncover the mechanisms of DWV infection and replication. Furthermore, it is also feasible to conduct a large scale screening for compounds to inhibit or stimulate DWV infection/replication.

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“…The honey bee cuticle is perforated by mite’s chelicerae [ 13 ], and the hypostome is used to inject saliva and to suck host body fluids [ 14 , 15 ]. This ectophagous feeding habit has to mitigate or evade the immune reaction of the host in order to allow effective food uptake and use [ 16 ]. Moreover, mite feeding through an open wound exposes the host to the risk of infection by opportunistic pathogens [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A salivary chitinase of Varroa destructor influences host immunity and mite’s survival

et al. 2020

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Varroa destructor is an ectoparasite of honey bees and an active disease vector, which represents one of the most severe threats for the beekeeping industry. This parasitic mite feeds on the host’s body fluids through a wound in the cuticle, which allows food uptake by the mother mite and its progeny, offering a potential route of entrance for infecting microorganisms. Mite feeding is associated with saliva injection, whose role is still largely unknown. Here we try to fill this gap by identifying putative host regulation factors present in the saliva of V. destructor and performing a functional analysis for one of them, a chitinase (Vd-CHIsal) phylogenetically related to chitinases present in parasitic and predatory arthropods, which shows a specific and very high level of expression in the mite’s salivary glands. Vd-CHIsal is essential for effective mite feeding and survival, since it is apparently involved both in maintaining the feeding wound open and in preventing host infection by opportunistic pathogens. Our results show the important role in the modulation of mite-honey bee interactions exerted by a host regulation factor shared by different evolutionary lineages of parasitic arthropods. We predict that the functional characterization of Varroa sialome will provide new background knowledge on parasitism evolution in arthropods and the opportunity to develop new bioinspired strategies for mite control based on the disruption of their complex interactions with a living food source.

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Honey Bee Suppresses the Parasitic Mite Vitellogenin by Antimicrobial Peptide

Cited by 12 publications

References 53 publications

Tropilaelaps mercedesae parasitism changes behavior and gene expression in honey bee workers

Tropilaelaps mercedesae parasitism changes behavior and gene expression in honey bee workers

DWV infection and replication at the early stagein vitrousing honey bee pupal cells

A salivary chitinase of Varroa destructor influences host immunity and mite’s survival

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