Honey bees (Apis mellifera) reared in brood combs containing high levels of pesticide residues exhibit increased susceptibility to Nosema (Microsporidia) infection

Wu, Judy Y.; Smart, Matthew; Anelli, Carol M.; Sheppard, Walter S.

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2012.01.005

Cited by 153 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Indeed, pathogen proliferation induced by insecticides can cause additional mortality, even at sublethal doses, and may contribute to the observed negative influence of some insecticides, or their mixtures, on bee longevity and colony stability (53,54). The results we report clearly indicate the need for longer-term toxicity tests, aiming at assessing how the pathogen progression in honey bees is influenced by insecticide residues and by their cumulative effects, both on adults and larvae.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Neonicotinoid clothianidin adversely affects insect immunity and promotes replication of a viral pathogen in honey bees

Prisco

Cavaliere

Annoscia

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

579

445

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Large-scale losses of honey bee colonies represent a poorly understood problem of global importance. Both biotic and abiotic factors are involved in this phenomenon that is often associated with high loads of parasites and pathogens. A stronger impact of pathogens in honey bees exposed to neonicotinoid insecticides has been reported, but the causal link between insecticide exposure and the possible immune alteration of honey bees remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that the neonicotinoid insecticide clothianidin negatively modulates NF-κB immune signaling in insects and adversely affects honey bee antiviral defenses controlled by this transcription factor. We have identified in insects a negative modulator of NF-κB activation, which is a leucine-rich repeat protein. Exposure to clothianidin, by enhancing the transcription of the gene encoding this inhibitor, reduces immune defenses and promotes the replication of the deformed wing virus in honey bees bearing covert infections. This honey bee immunosuppression is similarly induced by a different neonicotinoid, imidacloprid, but not by the organophosphate chlorpyriphos, which does not affect NF-κB signaling. The occurrence at sublethal doses of this insecticide-induced viral proliferation suggests that the studied neonicotinoids might have a negative effect at the field level. Our experiments uncover a further level of regulation of the immune response in insects and set the stage for studies on neural modulation of immunity in animals. Furthermore, this study has implications for the conservation of bees, as it will contribute to the definition of more appropriate guidelines for testing chronic or sublethal effects of pesticides used in agriculture.Apis mellifera | DWV | NLR (CLR) | neuroimmunity | toxicology

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Neonicotinoid clothianidin adversely affects insect immunity and promotes replication of a viral pathogen in honey bees

Prisco

Cavaliere

Annoscia

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

579

445

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Furthermore, honey bees are frequently exposed to environmental pollution such as agrochemicals, and as previously noted, there is a synergistic effect between N. ceranae and pesticides (Aufauvre et al, 2012;Wu, Smart, Anelli, & Sheppard, 2012), resulting in detrimental health and lifespan of the bees. Reducing one of the stressor parameters might help to prevent colony losses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Long term effects of a food supplement HiveAlive™ on honey bee colony strength and Nosema ceranae spore counts

Charistos¹,

Parashos²,

Hatjina³

2015

Journal of Apicultural Research

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The long term effect of HiveAlive™, a commercial food supplement, was evaluated with respect to colony population size and Nosema ceranae spore loads. The supplement was administered in sugar syrup at a dose of 2.5 ml per liter of syrup to up to 20 colonies per group for a period of 2 years. Its use before and after winter increased a colony's worker population size by 89% and reduced Nosema ceranae spores by 57% compared to control colonies. These results represent the first-known hive manipulation to have a lasting effect on nosema spore levels. The positive effect of HiveAlive™ may have been a result of its continued use over a two-year period.Efectos a largo plazo del suplemento alimenticio HiveAlive TM sobre la fuerza de las colonias de abejas y el recuentos de esporas de Nosema ceranae El efecto a largo plazo de HiveAlive™, un suplemento alimenticio comercial, se evaluó con respecto al tamaño de la població n de la colonia y la carga de esporas de Nosema ceranae. El suplemento se administró en jarabe de azúcar a una dosis de 2,5 ml por litro de jarabe hasta 20 colonias por grupo en un período de dos años. Su uso antes y después del invierno aumentó el tamaño de la població n de obreras de una colonia hasta en un 89% y redujo las esporas de Nosema ceranae en un 57% en comparació n con las colonias de control. Estos resultados representan la primera manipulació n de las colmenas con un efecto duradero sobre los niveles de esporas de Nosema. El efecto positivo de HiveAlive™ puede haber sido resultado de su uso continuado durante un período de dos años.

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“…Neonicotinoid insecticides, including imidacloprid (IMD), belong to a group of stress factor insecticides affecting among others, the performance and the susceptibility of honey bees to biological agents (Alburaki et al, 2015;Wu, Smart, Anelli, & Sheppard, 2012) due to the effect on the nervous system (Brown et al, 2006;Matsuda et al, 2005). It has recently been observed that sublethal doses of imidacloprid have a decreasing effect on hypopharyngeal glands (HPGs) of the nursing bees (Hatjina et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of sublethal doses of imidacloprid on protein content and proteolytic activity in honey bees (Apis mellifera L.)

Wilde

Frączek

Siuda

et al. 2016

Journal of Apicultural Research

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The effect of sublethal doses of imidacloprid on protein content and activity of proteases on honey bees was analyzed. The study was conducted in three experimental groups: colonies from groups BE-5 and BE-200 were contaminated with 5 and 200 ppb of imidacloprid, respectively, via their food supply (syrup and pollen), while group BE was used as control (untreated). Bee samples were collected 3 and 10 weeks after feeding started. Protein concentration in bee tissue extracts was analyzed with reference: (a) to the dose of imidacloprid; and (b) duration of exposure to the chemical. The average quantity of protein content was significantly higher at the 3-week interval than in the 10-week interval and the bees from control colonies (BE) had significantly higher protein contents than contaminated bees (BE-5 and BE-200), even 3 weeks after feeding with imidacloprid started. Similarly, the activity of proteolytic enzymes (proteases) was found to be dependent on the dose of imidacloprid used, compared to bees from control colonies showing significantly higher activity.Influencia de las dosis subletales de Imidacloprid en el contenido de proteína y la actividad proteolítica en las abejas melíferas (Apis mellifera L.)Se ha analizado el efecto de las dosis subletales de imidacloprid en el contenido de proteínas y la actividad de las proteasas en las abejas melíferas. El estudio se realizó en tres grupos experimentales: las colonias de los grupos de BE-5 y BE-200 se contaminaron con 5 y 200 ppb de imidacloprid, respectivamente, a través del alimento suministrado (jarabe y polen), mientras que el grupo SER se utilizó como control (sin tratar). Se recogieron muestras de abejas en las semanas 3 y 10 después del comienzo de la alimentació n. La concentració n de proteína en extractos de tejido de abejas se analizó en relació n con: a) la dosis de imidacloprid; y b) la duració n de la exposició n a la sustancia química. La cantidad promedio del contenido de proteína fue significativamente mayor en el intervalo de 3 semanas que en el intervalo de 10 semanas y las abejas de las colonias control (BE) tuvieron un contenido de proteína significativamente más alto que las abejas contaminadas (BE-5 y BE-200), incluso 3 semanas después de que comenzara la alimentació n con imidacloprid. Del mismo modo se encontró que la actividad de las enzimas proteolíticas (proteasas) depende de la dosis de imidacloprid usada, en comparació n con las abejas de colonias de control que muestran una actividad significativamente más alta.

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Honey bees (Apis mellifera) reared in brood combs containing high levels of pesticide residues exhibit increased susceptibility to Nosema (Microsporidia) infection

Cited by 153 publications

References 19 publications

Neonicotinoid clothianidin adversely affects insect immunity and promotes replication of a viral pathogen in honey bees

Neonicotinoid clothianidin adversely affects insect immunity and promotes replication of a viral pathogen in honey bees

Long term effects of a food supplement HiveAlive™ on honey bee colony strength and Nosema ceranae spore counts

The influence of sublethal doses of imidacloprid on protein content and proteolytic activity in honey bees (Apis mellifera L.)

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