Honey Cocktail Study

Wahab, Siti Zubaidah Ab

doi:10.1186/isrctn11540234

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In addition, cocoa cultivation techniques using stem grafting techniques carried out by the company can also affect the spread of disease inoculum, so that VSD infection can spread throughout the cocoa plantation area. This is in line with the previous research [14], in addition to the inoculum of pathogens contained in plant tissue, cultivation techniques with side grafting techniques using young cacao stalks can affect the spread of VSD infection. (D, E, F) are VSD symptoms as discribed by previous researcher [13] and (A, B, C) are VSD symptoms found during the field survey.…”

Section: Symptoms Of Vsd Disease In Cocoa Plantssupporting

confidence: 91%

In vitro growth induction of Ceratobasidium theobromae, the causal agent of cacao Vascular Streak Dieback disease

Giyanto

Hastika

Permana

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Vascular Streak Dieback (VSD) disease, caused by Ceratobasidium theobromae, has devastated cacao plants in Indonesia and other countries. However, there is limited information on the biology of the fungus, including mass propagation method. This study aimed to find a technique in inducing the growth of C. theobromae as inoculum sources. The stages of research were sampling the plant cacao tissue infected by C. theobromae; induction of mycelia growth on infected cacao tissue using coconut water, glucose, and sucrose; and confirmation C. theobromae by morphology, pathogenicity test on cacao seedling, and genetic. We found characteristic symptoms of VSD disease in cocoa plantations marked by chlorosis in cocoa leaves and blackening of the node on the leaf petiole. The growth induction of C. theobromae could be performed using a 2% glucose solution. The hyaline hyphae, perpendicular branching of hyphae, and a dolipare septate were shown in the hyphae structure. Pathogenicity test of mycelia C. theobromae from infected plant tissue showed typical symptoms of VSD. Genetic confirmation by PCR method successfully amplified specific target DNA of C. theobromae resulted in ± 550 bp amplicon. The result could be performed to propagate C. theobromae inoculum for various purposes in studying VSD disease.

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Section: Symptoms Of Vsd Disease In Cocoa Plantssupporting

confidence: 91%

In vitro growth induction of Ceratobasidium theobromae, the causal agent of cacao Vascular Streak Dieback disease

Giyanto

Hastika

Permana

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…14 Oleh karena itu, dapat dipahami bahwa kurikulum (manhaj) merupakan "jantung" institusi pendidikan atau sistem pembelajaran. 15 Kurikulum pembelajaran bahasa Arab menjadi sangat urgent untuk dikembangkan agar proses pembelajaran (bahasa Arab) menjadi lebih bermutu, mengikuti perkembangan keilmuan (relevansi intelektual) dan kebutuhan masyarakat, serta output yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan tuntutan pasar (relevansi sosial). Sehingga dengan pengembangan kurikulum, tujuan pembelajaran, isi (content), metode, media, interaksi, dan evaluasi pembelajaran pembelajaran bahasa menjadi jelas, terarah, dan terukur.…”

Section: Landasan Pengembangan Kurikulum Pendidikan Bahasa Arabunclassified

Muhzin Nawawi - Pengembangan Kurikulum Pendidikan Bahasa Arab

Nawawi¹

2017

an-nabighoh

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Arabic language has a very urgent position for Muslims, it is not only as a religious language (al-qur'an) but also as a science that needs to be developed through the development of its curriculum. The development of an Arabic language education curriculum is believed as a strategic way in the development and improvement of the quality of its education that ideally oriented towards of meeting the demands of development and also to respond to the challenges of globalization by still considering the proportionality both in the quantity and the quality of learning dimension in accordance with the formulated standards. The epistemology of Arabic science and its curriculum needs to be addressed and oriented to the formation of competitive maturity in today's global era. So the Arabic language education curriculum should ideally be developed integratively, holistically and humanistically. The education stakeholders should work sinergically to strengthen the Arabic language position, especially in the development of the Arabic language curriculum itself. The implication of that Arabic language graduations can realize three competencies, namely: linguistic, communicative, and socio-cultural competence in accordance with the demands of the times and become rahmatan lil ummah

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Honey Cocktail Study

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

In vitro growth induction of Ceratobasidium theobromae, the causal agent of cacao Vascular Streak Dieback disease

In vitro growth induction of Ceratobasidium theobromae, the causal agent of cacao Vascular Streak Dieback disease

Muhzin Nawawi - Pengembangan Kurikulum Pendidikan Bahasa Arab

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