Hope for Haiti: An analysis of Facebook and Twitter usage during the earthquake relief efforts

Muralidharan, Sidharth; Rasmussen, Leslie; Patterson, Daniel; Shin, Jin-Hong

doi:10.1016/j.pubrev.2011.01.010

Cited by 222 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Recent advances have made it possible to attribute social media information to geographic locations by extracting the body text (e.g., "New York City") and linking this to the location on a map [15][16][17]. One of the first times that social media was used on a large scale for disaster monitoring was after the earthquake in Haiti in 2010 [18]. A team lead by Patrick Meijer collected tweets of observers and placed them on a map using the Ushahidi platform, assisting rescue operations [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Flood Detection for Rapid Humanitarian Response: Harnessing Near Real-Time Satellite and Twitter Signals

Jongman

Wagemaker²,

Revilla-Romero

et al. 2015

IJGI

126

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Humanitarian organizations have a crucial role in response and relief efforts after floods. The effectiveness of disaster response is contingent on accurate and timely information regarding the location, timing and impacts of the event. Here we show how two near-real-time data sources, satellite observations of water coverage and flood-related social media activity from Twitter, can be used to support rapid disaster response, using case-studies in the Philippines and Pakistan. For these countries we analyze information from disaster response organizations, the Global Flood Detection System (GFDS) satellite flood signal, and flood-related Twitter activity analysis. The results demonstrate that these sources of near-real-time information can be used to gain a quicker understanding of the location, the timing, as well as the causes and impacts of floods. In terms of location, we produce daily impact maps based on both satellite information and social media, which can dynamically and rapidly outline the affected area during a disaster. In terms of timing, the results show that GFDS and/or Twitter signals flagging ongoing or upcoming flooding are regularly available one to several days before the event was reported to humanitarian organizations. 2247In terms of event understanding, we show that both GFDS and social media can be used to detect and understand unexpected or controversial flood events, for example due to the sudden opening of hydropower dams or the breaching of flood protection. The performance of the GFDS and Twitter data for early detection and location mapping is mixed, depending on specific hydrological circumstances (GFDS) and social media penetration (Twitter). Further research is needed to improve the interpretation of the GFDS signal in different situations, and to improve the pre-processing of social media data for operational use.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Flood Detection for Rapid Humanitarian Response: Harnessing Near Real-Time Satellite and Twitter Signals

Jongman

Wagemaker²,

Revilla-Romero

et al. 2015

IJGI

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Of the five types of news frames, nearly half of the Facebook posts and Twitter tweets incorporated a conflict news frame. The organizations' primary use of this frame, particularly by the COC and NUL, contradicted findings by Muralidharan et al (2011), who found that attribution of responsibility was the dominant news frame on Twitter, while morality was dominant on Facebook. The nature of this case, however, suggested that the conflict frame was appropriate because of the caustic nature of the case and the level of acrimony with individuals and institutions involved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Trayvon Martin Social Media Messaging: An Analysis of Framing and Media Types in Online Messages by Civil Rights Organizations

Brown¹

2016

IOSR

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This content analysis explores framing and media types used by the NAACP, National Urban League, National Action Network, and ColorOfChange.org in social media during the Trayvon Martin case. After George Zimmerman fatally shot Martin and was not charged with murder, these organizations drafted petitions and staged rallies. Likelihood ratio results show some significant differences in frames. Overall, the results suggest that the organizations could have done more to use multimedia and encourage activism.

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“…Framing theory presumes the prevalent media will focus attention on newsworthy events and place them within a sphere of meaning. Several scholars have applied framing theory to social networking sites, particularly Facebook and Twitter (Muralidharan, Rasmussen, Patterson & Shin, 2011;Harlow, 2012). In his landmark study, Entman (1993) defined the term by noting that "to frame is to select some aspects of a perceived reality and make them more salient in a communicating text, in such a way as to promote a particular problem definition, causal interpretation, moral evaluation, and/or treatment recommendation" (p. 52).…”

Section: Literature Review Framingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Content Analysis: YouTube Responses to President Obama’s “Amazing Grace” Rendition

Brown¹,

Moody-Ramirez²,

Lin³

2016

ASSRJ

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This content analysis uses framing to examine the themes and tone of comments on a C-SPAN video posted on YouTube of President Barack Obama singing the opening refrain of "Amazing Grace." Obama sang an excerpt of the Christian hymn while delivering a eulogy for a Black pastor and state senator who was among nine people gunned down in his church in 2015. This study incorporates computational techniques, specifically topic modeling. The themes that emerged include God bless America and Obama, Obama is a hypocrite, Obama is a racist, and Obama can sing. Findings show that the most prevalent themes referenced the President's singing ability and the hypocrisy of a "Muslim" and "supporter of gay marriage" speaking at a funeral for a Christian pastor. Findings also show that a subset of comments was primarily positive yet equally negative and neutral. This study suggests that user-generated content can serve as a catalyst for discussions in a "postracial" society.

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Hope for Haiti: An analysis of Facebook and Twitter usage during the earthquake relief efforts

Cited by 222 publications

References 5 publications

Early Flood Detection for Rapid Humanitarian Response: Harnessing Near Real-Time Satellite and Twitter Signals

Early Flood Detection for Rapid Humanitarian Response: Harnessing Near Real-Time Satellite and Twitter Signals

Trayvon Martin Social Media Messaging: An Analysis of Framing and Media Types in Online Messages by Civil Rights Organizations

Content Analysis: YouTube Responses to President Obama’s “Amazing Grace” Rendition

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