Hopelessness and HIV infection: an exploratory study with a gender-specific perspective

Schönnesson, Lena Nilsson; Ross, Michael W.; García-Huidobro, Diego; Andersson, Galit Zeluf; Williams, Mark L.; Ekström, Anna Mia

doi:10.1186/s40359-022-00755-2

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In addition, the study stated that stigma was higher in those who share their HIV status with others (27). In another study, it was revealed that low education level and being unemployed increase stigma (28). In our study, the Berger HSS mean score was 104.5±16.7.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 42%

“…A study conducted on 156 PLWH found that 20.5% of individuals had high hopelessness, 82.8% were depressed, and there was a moderate positive correlation between hopelessness and depression (29). In a study conducted in Sweden, it was reported that half of the participants were hopeless and a quarter of them were severely hopeless, and older and single men were more hopeless than women (28). A study conducted on young PLWH revealed that individuals with depressive symptoms had an increased level of hopelessness (30).In this current study, we determined that 63.8% of the participants were hopeless and 19.3% were highly hopeless.We also found that the risk of exposure to depression in a hopeless individual living with HIV is 76 times higher than that of a hopeful individual.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HIV İle Yaşayan Bireylerde Damgalanma, Umutsuzluk Depresyon ve İlişkili Faktörler

Kılıçlı

Akbulut

Çakırca

2022

Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi

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Background: It was aimed to determine stigma, hopelessness, depression and associated factors in people living with HIV (PLWH).Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 57 PLWH who admitted to Şanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital hospital between March 01-April 30, 2022. Berger HIV Stigma Scale, Beck Hope-lessness Scale and Beck Depression Inventory were filled during face-to-face interviews with patients.Results: It was determined Berger HIV-Stigma Scale mean score was high level (104.5±16.7), Beck Hopelessness Scale mean score was medium level (7.6±6.1) and Beck Depression Inventory mean score was medium level (16.3±13.7). Hopelessness rate was determined as 63.2% and depression rate as 40.4%. It was found a moder-ate correlation between stigma and hopelessness (r=0.44), a high level of correlation between stigma and depression (r=0.52), and a very high positive correlation between hopelessness and depression (r=0.80). Besides, a hopeless individual living with HIV was found to be odds 76 times more likely to be exposed to de-pression than a hopeful individual. In the regression analysis, it was determined that being single and growing up in a non-conservative family decreased HIV-stigma. On the other hand, it was observed that having to hide being infected with HIV increased HIV-stigma. It was determined that having to hide contagion with HIV de-creased hopelessness (odds=0.13) but depression increased hopelessness (odds=1.21). It was determined that hopelessness increased depression (odds=1.87).Conclusions: Stigma, hopelessness and depression are seen at high rates among PLWH and hopelessness in-creases depression significantly.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 42%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV İle Yaşayan Bireylerde Damgalanma, Umutsuzluk Depresyon ve İlişkili Faktörler

Kılıçlı

Akbulut

Çakırca

2022

Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi

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“…Of these 1 100 individuals, four were excluded (three stated an age under 18 and one had known their HIV status for less than six months) leaving data from 1 096 participants to be included in the present analysis. Recruitment and data collection procedures are described in further detail elsewhere [ 44 , 45 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of HIV-related stigma manifestations and their contributing factors among people living with HIV in Sweden – a nationwide study

Nilsson Schönnesson,

Dahlberg,

Reinius

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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Background With access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) HIV infection is a chronic manageable condition and non-sexually transmissible. Yet, many people living with HIV still testify about experiencing HIV-related stigma and discrimination. It is well-documented that HIV-related stigma and discrimination continue to be critical barriers to prevention, treatment, care and quality of life. From an individual stigma-reduction intervention perspective, it is essential to identify individual and interpersonal factors associated with HIV-related stigma manifestations. To address this issue and to expand the literature, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of HIV-related stigma manifestations and their associated factors among a diverse sample of people living with HIV in Sweden. Method Data from 1 096 participants were derived from a nationally representative, anonymous cross-sectional survey ”Living with HIV in Sweden”. HIV-related stigma manifestations were assessed using the validated Swedish 12-item HIV Stigma Scale encompassing four HIV-related stigma manifestations: personalised stigma, concerns with public attitudes towards people living with HIV, concerns with sharing HIV status, and internalized stigma. Variables potentially associated with the HIV-related stigma manifestations were divided into four categories: demographic characteristics, clinical HIV factors, distress and ART adherence, and available emotional HIV-related support. Four multivariable hierarchical linear regression analyses were employed to explore the associations between multiple contributors and HIV-related stigma manifestations. Results The most dominating stigma feature was anticipation of HIV-related stigma. It was manifested in high scores on concerns with sharing HIV status reported by 78% of the participants and high scores on concerns about public attitudes towards people living with HIV reported by 54% of the participants. High scores on personalised stigma and internalized stigma were reported by around one third of the participants respectively. Between 23 and 31% of the variance of the four reported HIV-related stigma manifestations were explained mainly by the same pattern of associated factors including female gender, shorter time since HIV diagnosis, feelings of hopelessness, non-sharing HIV status, and lack of available emotional HIV-related support. Conclusion The most dominating stigma feature was anticipation of stigma. Female gender, shorter time since HIV diagnosis, feelings of hopelessness, non-sharing HIV status, and lack of available emotional HIV-related support constituted potential vulnerability factors of the four HIV-related stigma manifestations. Our findings highlight the vital necessity to support people living with HIV to increase their resilience to stigma in its different forms. Exploring associated factors of HIV-related stigma manifestations may give an indication of what circumstances may increase the risk of stigma burden and factors amenable to targeted interventions. As individual stigma-reductions interventions cannot be performed isolated from HIV-related stigma and discrimination in society, a key challenge is to intensify anti-stigma interventions also on the societal level.

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“…Além disso, a estigmatização e discriminação contra as pessoas que vivem com o HIV constituem preditores de desesperança, desânimo e depressão (SCHÖNNESSON et al, 2022), sentimentos que se traduzem em crenças negativas sobre essas pessoas e interferem diretamente em suas atitudes, na forma de se perceber e se relacionar consigo mesmas, com o mundo e com as outras pessoas (BECK, 2006(BECK, , 2022.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Nesse contexto, a crença sobre a doença está envolta por sentimentos de temor ao massacre civil causado pelo excessivo preconceito (CAZEIRO; SILVA; SOUZA, 2021), fato que traz várias consequências, dentre elas, a não adesão ao tratamento e a ocultação da soropositividade ao HIV (CRUZ et al, 2021;SCHÖNNESSON et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efetividade de intervenção educativa com mulheres vivendo com HIV/aids acerca do conhecimento e crenças sobre a prevenção da transmissão sexual do HIV

Alves¹

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Esse caminho foi longo, cansativo, às vezes sofrido, porém extraordinariamente enriquecedor em todas as áreas da minha vida. Para seguir essa jornada eu cruzei pontes, desertos, mares e montanhas, porém, eu tive um exército comigo, presencial, virtual, espiritual ou emocional, e alguns citarei aqui. E acima de todos eles, o onipresente, onipotente, Ele, que me carregou no colo quando eu não tinha nem pernas, nem pensamentos, nem esperanças para prosseguir, e diante da imensidão do seu amor por mim, vem uma gratidão profunda que transcende a minha alma por tanta graça recebida. Obrigada, meu senhor e meu Deus! A minha querida orientadora prof.ª Drª Renata Karina Reis, com o seu olhar cuidadoso, com profundo conhecimento, me conduziu nesse processo. Me motivou e não me deixou cair no desânimo, ainda pelos seus ensinamentos e acolhimento na sua cidade e por tudo que dedicou a mim, aceite o meu profundo muito obrigada.Ao meu esposo Walter, que me motivou e me apoiou, lutou pelo meu afastamento do trabalho, e mesmo eu tendo que morar fora por tanto tempo, ele nunca se queixou. Obrigada, meu amor, essa conquista não seria possível sem você ao meu lado, te amo.A minha filha Ana Lorena, que apesar de adulta, no último ano de tese a sua pergunta favorita era: -Mãe quando você vai terminar essa tese, hein? Aff! -Filha, em breve teremos mais tempo para os nossos cafés da tarde. Obrigada por não desistir do meu carinho.A minha doce Stellinha, minha netinha amada, que nasceu no meio da pandemia, e sem entender nada, me fez fugir da minha concentração do estudo, quando meu coração ardia de saudade e eu me permitia me encher do seu amor, sentimento que me motivou em muitos momentos nessa trajetória em especial no meio a pandemia. Obrigada, denguinho da vovó.A minha família linda e amada, que torce por mim e comemora comigo cada conquista, em especial a minha irmã Maria e minha sobrinha Wanderlea, por compartilharem comigo meus medos, ansiedade e alegrias. A vocês, um obrigada cheio de amor e gratidão.A uma pessoa muito especial, que eu tenho a honra de chamar de amiga, Dra. Clódis Maria Tavares, que antes de me conhecer viu a minha alma e iluminou o meu caminho em busca do meu grande sonho, ser doutora.As minhas amigas queridas, Zélia, Eloisa e Cícera, que me motivam e aquecem o meu coração.As minhas pesquisadoras queridas, em especial Priscila, meu braço direito, e as minhas queridas

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Hopelessness and HIV infection: an exploratory study with a gender-specific perspective

Cited by 7 publications

References 52 publications

HIV İle Yaşayan Bireylerde Damgalanma, Umutsuzluk Depresyon ve İlişkili Faktörler

HIV İle Yaşayan Bireylerde Damgalanma, Umutsuzluk Depresyon ve İlişkili Faktörler

Prevalence of HIV-related stigma manifestations and their contributing factors among people living with HIV in Sweden – a nationwide study

Efetividade de intervenção educativa com mulheres vivendo com HIV/aids acerca do conhecimento e crenças sobre a prevenção da transmissão sexual do HIV

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