Hopelessness in Schizophrenia: The Impact of Symptoms and Beliefs About Illness

White, Ross; McCleery, Muriel; Gumley, Andrew; Mulholland, Ciaran

doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e31815c1a1d

Cited by 40 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The correlation between self-reported hopelessness and negative symptoms supports earlier work in individuals with chronic schizophrenia (Kao et al, 2012;Lysaker et al, 2008;R. G. White et al, 2007) as well as those in their first episode of psychotic illness (Aguilar et al, 1997).…”

Section: Symptoms In Individuals With First Episode Psychosissupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Participants in the other studies described had mean illness durations of 13 (R. G. White et al, 2007), 16 (Kao et al, 2012) and 22 (Lysaker et al, 2004;Lysaker et al, 2008) years (the latter figure is approximate, and is based on the figures reported for age at test minus age at first admission as specific illness duration was not reported).…”

Section: Future-directed Thinking and Negative Symptoms Of Psychosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The discrepancy in these results may be due to the larger sample in the later study (N = 143). Third, a study of 100 individuals with schizophrenia by R. G. White, McCleery, Gumley, and Mulholland (2007) compared groups with and without hopelessness as determined by a cut-off score of 9. They found that the group with hopelessness had significantly higher levels of negative symptoms than the group without hopelessness, though their between-groups approach is somewhat in contrast with the other studies of this relationship.…”

Section: Future-directed Thinking and Negative Symptoms Of Psychosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Future‐directed thinking in first‐episode psychosis

Goodby

MacLeod

2015

British J Clinic Psychol

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ObjectivesThis study employed the Future Thinking Task (MacLeod et al., 2005, Br. J. Clin. Psychol., 44, 495) to investigate whether future‐directed thinking in first‐episode psychosis is significantly different from that of matched controls, and to identify its correlates in this patient group.DesignCross‐sectional, mixed‐model, case–control design.MethodParticipants were 30 patients with first‐episode psychosis and 27 matched controls. The Future Thinking Task was used to assess future‐directed thinking in both groups. Anxiety and depression were also measured as well as self‐report measures of hopelessness, suicide ideation and a measure of negative symptoms.ResultsIndividuals with psychosis were impaired in future‐directed thinking in both positive and negative domains, particularly with respect to the coming year. Increased self‐reported hopelessness was associated with reduced positive future thinking and increased negative future thinking. Increased positive future thinking was also associated with reduced severity of negative symptoms, whilst negative future thinking was associated with suicide ideation.ConclusionsIndividuals with first‐episode psychosis show a reduction in positive future thinking in line with that seen in other clinical groups, but this is accompanied by an unexpected reduction in negative future thinking. The findings suggest a general disengagement with the future in this group that may affect recovery and functioning.Practitioner points Individuals with first‐episode psychosis may benefit from interventions to help them engage with their future, in particular in the mid‐range, up to 1 year. The Future Thinking Task may be a helpful addition to the assessment of suicide risk in those with first‐episode psychosis. Decreased positive future thinking was associated with increased severity of negative symptoms, indicating a potential new treatment angle for this resistant aspect of psychosis. The cross‐sectional design of this study does not allow for conclusions about the causal relationship between psychosis and future‐directed thinking. This study investigated future‐directed thinking in individuals with a range of psychotic illnesses employing a trans‐diagnostic approach; therefore, conclusions cannot be drawn about the nature of future‐directed thinking in individual psychotic disorders.

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Section: Symptoms In Individuals With First Episode Psychosissupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Future-directed Thinking and Negative Symptoms Of Psychosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Future-directed Thinking and Negative Symptoms Of Psychosismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Future‐directed thinking in first‐episode psychosis

Goodby

MacLeod

2015

British J Clinic Psychol

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“…The experience of psychosis has been shown to be associated with increased levels of depression (Rooke and Birchwood, 1998;Birchwood et al, 2000), hopelessness (White et al, 2007), social anxiety (Cosoff & Hafner, 1998;Gumley et al, 2003) and traumatic reactions sufficient to qualify for PTSD (Shaw et al, 2002;White & Gumley, 2009). Randomised clinical trials have found that Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for psychosis (CBTp) is efficacious for treating residual distressing positive and negative symptoms (Wykes et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A feasibility study of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for emotional dysfunction following psychosis

White

Gumley

McTaggart

et al. 2011

Behaviour Research and Therapy

144

139

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The experience of psychosis can lead to depression, anxiety and fear. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) facilitates individuals to accept difficult mental experiences and behave in ways that are consistent with personally held values. This study was a single (rater) blind pilot randomised controlled trial of ACT for emotional dysfunction following psychosis.Twenty-seven participants with psychosis were randomised to either: ten sessions of ACT plus treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU alone. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills and Working Alliance Inventory were used. Individuals were assessed at baseline and 3 months post-baseline. The individuals randomised to receive ACT found the intervention acceptable. A significantly greater proportion of the ACT group changed from being depressed at time of entry into the study to not being depressed at followup. The ACT group showed a significantly greater increase in mindfulness skills and reduction in negative symptoms. Results indicated that individuals randomised to ACT had significantly fewer crisis contacts over the study. Changes in mindfulness skills correlated positively with changes in depression. ACT appears to offer promise in reducing negative symptoms, depression and crisis contacts in psychosis.

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“…Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness that is challenging to the primary caregiver [1,2]. Therefore, antipsychotic drugs have become an important part of the treatment for and symptom control of schizophrenia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%