Horizon of exosome-mediated bone tissue regeneration: The all-rounder role in biomaterial engineering

Wang, Wentao; Liang, Xiaoyao; Zheng, Kai; Ge, Gaoran; Xu, Chunxiang; Xu, Yaozeng; Bai, Jiaxiang; Pan, Guoqing; Geng, Dechun

doi:10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100355

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 168 publications

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“…Nevertheless, challenges persist, particularly in regulating exosome release within the scaffold. While gradual release is achievable, ensuring stable release and determining the optimal release rate remain uncertain aspects ( Wang et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Improvement Strategies For Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unlocking the potential of exosomes: a breakthrough in the theranosis of degenerative orthopaedic diseases

Yue,

Dai,

Wei

et al. 2024

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Degenerative orthopaedic diseases pose a notable worldwide public health issue attributable to the global aging population. Conventional medical approaches, encompassing physical therapy, pharmaceutical interventions, and surgical methods, face obstacles in halting or reversing the degenerative process. In recent times, exosome-based therapy has gained widespread acceptance and popularity as an effective treatment for degenerative orthopaedic diseases. This therapeutic approach holds the potential for “cell-free” tissue regeneration. Exosomes, membranous vesicles resulting from the fusion of intracellular multivesicles with the cell membrane, are released into the extracellular matrix. Addressing challenges such as the rapid elimination of natural exosomes in vivo and the limitation of drug concentration can be effectively achieved through various strategies, including engineering modification, gene overexpression modification, and biomaterial binding. This review provides a concise overview of the source, classification, and preparation methods of exosomes, followed by an in-depth analysis of their functions and potential applications. Furthermore, the review explores various strategies for utilizing exosomes in the treatment of degenerative orthopaedic diseases, encompassing engineering modification, gene overexpression, and biomaterial binding. The primary objective is to provide a fresh viewpoint on the utilization of exosomes in addressing bone degenerative conditions and to support the practical application of exosomes in the theranosis of degenerative orthopaedic diseases.

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Section: Improvement Strategies For Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unlocking the potential of exosomes: a breakthrough in the theranosis of degenerative orthopaedic diseases

Yue,

Dai,

Wei

et al. 2024

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…For instance, it is difficult to maintain exosome release by scaffolds. Although the slow release is achieved, strategies for the consistently stable release of exosomes are not available, and the most suitable release rate for bone regeneration has not yet been explored [ 160 ]. Additionally, there was insufficient evidence to support the scalable manufacturing of scaffolds and efficient delivery of exosomes, and thus, further studies need to be performed to address these issues [ 138 ].…”

Section: Limitations and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering exosomes and biomaterial-assisted exosomes as therapeutic carriers for bone regeneration

Mai

Cui

et al. 2023

Stem Cell Res Ther

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Mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy has become an effective therapeutic approach for bone regeneration. However, there are still limitations in successful clinical translation. Recently, the secretome of mesenchymal stem cells, especially exosome, plays a critical role in promoting bone repair and regeneration. Exosomes are nanosized, lipid bilayer-enclosed structures carrying proteins, lipids, RNAs, metabolites, growth factors, and cytokines and have attracted great attention for their potential application in bone regenerative medicine. In addition, preconditioning of parental cells and exosome engineering can enhance the regenerative potential of exosomes for treating bone defects. Moreover, with recent advancements in various biomaterials to enhance the therapeutic functions of exosomes, biomaterial-assisted exosomes have become a promising strategy for bone regeneration. This review discusses different insights regarding the roles of exosomes in bone regeneration and summarizes the applications of engineering exosomes and biomaterial-assisted exosomes as safe and versatile bone regeneration agent delivery platforms. The current hurdles of transitioning exosomes from bench to bedside are also discussed.

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“…[34][35][36] Studies have demonstrated the ability of exosomes to stimulate chondrocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, precursor cells and immune cells, which are associated with bone and cartilage regeneration, to promote bone repair. [37][38][39][40] Exosomes are abundant in sources, naturally derived, with fewer safety problems, lower toxicity and fewer immunogenicity problems, without the side effects of transplanted cells. [1,40,41] The exosomes can reach their targets of action rapidly by direct injection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosome‐Hydrogel System in Bone Tissue Engineering: A Promising Therapeutic Strategy

Wang

Zhu

et al. 2023

Macromolecular Bioscience

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Exosomes, as messengers of cell-to-cell communication, have many functional properties similar to those of their derived cells. Because they contain a large number of bioactive components that regulate recipient cell behavior, they are inanimate and do not require external maintenance or assistance. Various cell-derived exosomes are involved in many physiological processes of bone tissue repair. Hydrogels are widely used as scaffolding materials for bone tissue repair because their 3D network structure resembles the natural extracellular matrix. Moreover, their material properties and biological functions are adjustable. Exosomes can be delivered directly to the bone tissue damage site by hydrogel, and their duration of action in vivo can be prolonged by slow release. Therefore, the exosome-loaded hydrogel (Exo-Gel) system is a promising material for bone tissue engineering. In this study, the progress of the application of Exo-Gel in bone tissue repair and the improvement strategies, problems and research prospects of the current exosomes and hydrogels that have been applied to the Exo-Gel system for bone tissue repair are reviewed.

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Horizon of exosome-mediated bone tissue regeneration: The all-rounder role in biomaterial engineering

Cited by 23 publications

References 168 publications

Unlocking the potential of exosomes: a breakthrough in the theranosis of degenerative orthopaedic diseases

Unlocking the potential of exosomes: a breakthrough in the theranosis of degenerative orthopaedic diseases

Engineering exosomes and biomaterial-assisted exosomes as therapeutic carriers for bone regeneration

Exosome‐Hydrogel System in Bone Tissue Engineering: A Promising Therapeutic Strategy

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