Horizontal and vertical migration behavior of silver-phase Japanese eels in coastal, pelagic and spawning areas observed by pop-up satellite archival tags

Higuchi, Takatoshi; Watanabe, Shun; Manabe, Ryotaro; Tanimoto, Akira; Miller, Michael J.; Kojima, Takeo; Tsukamoto, Katsumi

doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2021.151587

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…In the present study, the eels released in the Tokai region stayed in different depth and temperature environments during the daytime and nighttime, and the nighttime water temperatures recorded by tagged eels released in late December 2020 were lower than those of individuals released in late November 2020 or early December 2019. It has been suggested that lunar age, water clarity, and temperature should also affect nighttime depth in DVM [23,26], but in our study nighttime depth does not appear to be largely affected by temperature. Previous studies have also shown that water temperature should have a significant effect on the maximum daytime depth in DVM [23,27].…”

Section: Vertical Movement and Water Mass Structurecontrasting

confidence: 72%

“…It has been suggested that lunar age, water clarity, and temperature should also affect nighttime depth in DVM [23,26], but in our study nighttime depth does not appear to be largely affected by temperature. Previous studies have also shown that water temperature should have a significant effect on the maximum daytime depth in DVM [23,27]. In our study, the eels exhibiting DVM experienced a narrow temperature range and showed a tendency to swim along the depth of the 5 • C isotherm in the daytime (Fig.…”

Section: Vertical Movement and Water Mass Structurecontrasting

confidence: 72%

“…The maximum attachment duration of PSATs was 55 days, except for the eels suspected of predation, which was an intermediate value compared with other studies of Japanese eels (21 days, Chen et al, 2018 [27]; 39 days, Manabe et al, 2011 [18]; 43 days, Higuchi et al, 2018 [26]; 69 days, Higuchi et al, 2021 [23]). The migration speed estimated from the great circle distance ranged from 0.9-37.5 km day −1 , and the speeds were not much different from the previous studies of Japanese eel [18,23,26].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…Attempts have been made to track the oceanic migration of Japanese silver eels to their spawning grounds, and these studies have provided information on their behavior and migration routes in the open ocean [18,23,26,27]. However, due to their relatively small body size (0.8-1.2 kg) compared to other Atlantic and South Pacific species (> 2 kg), longterm tracking has not been successful, and the tracking trajectories are fragmented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regional differences in oceanic migratory behavior of Japanese silver eel in waters with different vertical temperature gradients

Abe

Galang

Daryani

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: The Japanese eel Anguilla japonica has a single spawning area on the west coast of the Mariana Islands, and the larvae disperse widely via the North Equatorial Current and the Kuroshio Current to freshwater and coastal areas of East Asia for nursery and growth habitats.Spawning adults reared in their respective habitats begin their migration to spawn from September to February, but little is known about regional differences in migration routes, their contribution to spawning populations, or their migratory behavior.To better understand the spawning migrations of Japanese eels, we tracked adult migratory stage eels (silver eels) captured in coastal areas of three regions (Tokai region, Tohoku region, and Sea of Japan coastline) from October 2019 to February 2020 using pop-up satellite archival tags. Results: Twenty-three tagged eels were released in each coastal area, and data were collected on 15 eels for a maximum of 59 days. Eels released in the Tokai region migrated southeast along the Kuroshio Current. On the other hand, eels on the Sea of Japan side and in the Tohoku region tended to migrate westward and southward against the ocean current, respectively, but no eels from either region reached waters near the Kuroshio Current.In addition, the present study found region-specific vertical movement patterns among the eels.Eels from the Tokai region showed typical diurnal vertical movements, while an eel from the Sea of Japan side repeated non-diurnal vertical movements, which was attributed to regional differences in bathymetry and water mass structure.Except for one eel suspected of being preyed upon, all other eels did not venture into depth zones with temperatures below 4°C, thus suggesting that the maximum depth of vertical movement is limited by water temperature. Conclusions: This study provided new insights into the migratory behavior of Japanese silver eel from the Sea of Japan side and the Tohoku region, but further long-term tracking is required to reveal the fate of the spawning adults from the coast of Japan. Keywords: Pop-up satellite archival tags; Japanese eel; Spawning migration; Diel Vertical Migration

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Section: Vertical Movement and Water Mass Structurecontrasting

confidence: 72%

Section: Vertical Movement and Water Mass Structurecontrasting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Regional differences in oceanic migratory behavior of Japanese silver eel in waters with different vertical temperature gradients

Abe

Galang

Daryani

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Silver eels have been shown to descend to deep waters (500-800 m) during the day and ascend to shallow waters (100-400 m) at night. Swimming depth appears to vary within species [22] and is thought to be affected by the ambient light conditions (lunar and sun altitude) [23]. DVM behavior has been reported to be absent in shallow waters [24] and to be interrupted in areas where strong currents are present [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional differences in oceanic migratory behavior of Japanese silver eel in waters with different vertical temperature gradients

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The Japanese eel Anguilla japonica has a single spawning area on the west coast of the Mariana Islands, and the larvae disperse widely via the North Equatorial Current and the Kuroshio Current to freshwater and coastal areas of East Asia for nursery and growth habitats. Spawning adults reared in their respective habitats begin their migration to spawn from September to February, but little is known about regional differences in migration routes, their contribution to spawning populations, or their migratory behavior. To better understand the spawning migrations of Japanese eels, we tracked adult migratory stage eels (silver eels) captured in coastal areas of three regions (Tokai region, Sea of Japan coastline, and Tohoku region) from October 2019 to February 2020 using pop-up satellite archival tags. Results Twenty-three tagged eels were released in each coastal area, and data were collected on 15 eels for a maximum of 59 days. Eels released in the Tokai region migrated southeast along the Kuroshio Current. On the other hand, eels on the Sea of Japan coastline and in the Tohoku region tended to migrate westward and southward against the ocean current, respectively, but no eels from either region reached waters near the Kuroshio Current. In addition, the present study found region-specific vertical movement patterns among the eels. Eels from the Tokai region showed typical diurnal vertical movements, while an eel from the Sea of Japan coastline repeated non-diurnal vertical movements, which was attributed to regional differences in bathymetry and water mass structure. Except for one eel suspected of being preyed upon, all other eels did not venture into depth zones with temperatures below 4 $$^{\circ }\textrm{C}$$ ∘ C , thus suggesting that the maximum depth of vertical movement is limited by water temperature. Conclusions This study provided new insights into the migratory behavior of Japanese silver eel from the Sea of Japan coastline and the Tohoku region, but further long-term tracking is required to reveal the fate of the spawning adults from the coast of Japan.

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Clock Gene Expression in Eel Retina and Hypothalamus: Response to Photoperiod and Moonlight

Hyeon,

Byun,

Kim

et al. 2024

J Exp Zool Pt A

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Assessment of the clock genes, Period (Per) 1, Per2, Per3, and Cryptochrome (Cry) 2, Cry3, and Cry4, can help better understand eel spawning ecology. In this study, the circadian rhythm and moonlight effects of these clock genes in the eel retina and hypothalamus were analyzed. We examined clock gene expression patterns under 12 h light:12 h darkness (12L12D), constant darkness (DD), and constant light (LL) conditions; under short photoperiod (SP; 9L15D) and long photoperiod (LP; 15L9D), and during the new moon (NM) and full moon in male eels. Per2 expression increased after sunrise, Cry2, and Cry4 expression increased around sunset, and Per1, Per3, and Cry3 expression increased before sunrise. Under SP conditions, oscillations of retinal Per3 and Cry4, which did not occur under LP conditions, were generated. In addition, retinal Cry4 oscillation was generated under NM conditions. These results suggest that the retina of the eel may play an important role in regulating circadian rhythm, and migration is initiated by the synchronization of clock genes by moonlight, suggesting that photic signals are closely related to the migratory activity of the eel.

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Horizontal and vertical migration behavior of silver-phase Japanese eels in coastal, pelagic and spawning areas observed by pop-up satellite archival tags

Cited by 14 publications

References 68 publications

Regional differences in oceanic migratory behavior of Japanese silver eel in waters with different vertical temperature gradients

Regional differences in oceanic migratory behavior of Japanese silver eel in waters with different vertical temperature gradients

Regional differences in oceanic migratory behavior of Japanese silver eel in waters with different vertical temperature gradients

Clock Gene Expression in Eel Retina and Hypothalamus: Response to Photoperiod and Moonlight

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