Horizontal Gene Transfer in Fungi

Bredeweg, Erin L.; Baker, Scott E.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29541-7_11

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In FOSC, HGT of effector genes on the lineage-specific accessory or chromosomes has been related to pathogenicity gain and host range alteration ( Ma et al, 2010 ; Laurence et al, 2015 ; van Dam et al, 2017 ; Czislowski et al, 2018 ). Recently, HGT has also been observed on multiple genes located on the core chromosomes within FOSC and between FOSC and FFSC ( Liu et al, 2019 ; Bredeweg and Baker, 2020 ), suggesting that HGT in the genus could be more widespread than previously expected. HGT and introgression occur through different mechanisms and both cause gene transfer ( Schmickl et al, 2017 ), and HGT could occur among more divergent organisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…HGT could confer nutrition-related fitness ( Milner et al, 2019 ) and modify the pathogenicity and host range ( Alexander et al, 2016 ; Zhang et al, 2019 ) of fungi. In Fusarium , HGT of genetic materials has been observed in multiple species from divergent organisms ( Ma et al, 2013 ; Sieber et al, 2014 ; Gao et al, 2019 ; Kim et al, 2020 ) and between close relatives within the genus ( Liu et al, 2019 ; Bredeweg and Baker, 2020 ). Because no sexual cycle has been observed in FOSC, the homologous recombination events were all considered as HGT events in the group ( Liu et al, 2019 ), but the possibility of introgression through rare inter-population or inter-species hybridization followed by multiple backcrossings could not be completely excluded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When happening between phylogenetically close populations or species, the outcome of HGT and introgression could converge and be indistinguishable. Introgression was even considered as a path of HGT in some literature ( Choudhuri, 2014 ; Bredeweg and Baker, 2020 ), which is controversial since it conflicts with the definition of HGT. In FFSC, teleomorphs have been observed in only about one-fifth of the species in the group including Fs ( Leslie et al, 2005 ; Montoya-Martínez et al, 2019 ), suggesting that introgression could also have played a role in gene transfer from other species in Fs genomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Genome of Banana Leaf Blight Pathogen Fusarium sacchari str. FS66 Harbors Widespread Gene Transfer From Fusarium oxysporum

Cui

Peng

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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Fusarium species have been identified as pathogens causing many different plant diseases, and here we report an emerging banana leaf blight (BLB) caused by F. sacchari (Fs) discovered in Guangdong, China. From the symptomatic tissues collected in the field, a fungal isolate was obtained, which induced similar symptoms on healthy banana seedlings after inoculation. Koch’s postulates were fulfilled after the re-isolation of the pathogen. Phylogenetic analysis on two gene segments and the whole genome sequence identified the pathogen belonging to Fs and named as Fs str. FS66. A 45.74 Mb genome of FS66 was acquired through de novo assembly using long-read sequencing data, and its contig N50 (1.97 Mb) is more than 10-fold larger than the previously available genome in the species. Based on transcriptome sequencing and ab initio gene annotation, a total of 14,486 protein-encoding genes and 418 non-coding RNAs were predicted. A total of 48 metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters including the fusaric acid biosynthesis gene cluster were predicted in silico in the FS66 genome. Comparison between FS66 and other 11 Fusarium genomes identified tens to hundreds of genes specifically gained and lost in FS66, including some previously correlated with Fusarium pathogenicity. The FS66 genome also harbors widespread gene transfer on the core chromosomes putatively from F. oxysporum species complex (FOSC), including 30 involved in Fusarium pathogenicity/virulence. This study not only reports the BLB caused by Fs, but also provides important information and clues for further understanding of the genome evolution among pathogenic Fusarium species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Genome of Banana Leaf Blight Pathogen Fusarium sacchari str. FS66 Harbors Widespread Gene Transfer From Fusarium oxysporum

Cui

Peng

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…With regard to the distant phylogenetic position of fungi and land plants, their PD/PDLCs most likely evolved from independent origins. However, it has been supposed [ 118 ] that genes required to form land-plant PD with ER components were laterally transferred to the PDLC-forming fungi, possibly via plant viruses which use fungi as transmitting vectors [ 119 , 120 , 121 , 122 ]. It would be interesting to analyze whether the respective fungi indeed contain orthologs of plant PD genes, e.g., ER-shaping reticulons [ 123 ] or ERplasma membrane tethers [ 124 , 125 , 126 ].…”

Section: Get In Touch—pd and Plasmodesmata-like Cell Connections (Pdlcs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicellularity and the Need for Communication—A Systematic Overview on (Algal) Plasmodesmata and Other Types of Symplasmic Cell Connections

Wegner,

Porth,

Ehlers

2023

Plants

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In the evolution of eukaryotes, the transition from unicellular to simple multicellular organisms has happened multiple times. For the development of complex multicellularity, characterized by sophisticated body plans and division of labor between specialized cells, symplasmic intercellular communication is supposed to be indispensable. We review the diversity of symplasmic connectivity among the eukaryotes and distinguish between distinct types of non-plasmodesmatal connections, plasmodesmata-like structures, and ‘canonical’ plasmodesmata on the basis of developmental, structural, and functional criteria. Focusing on the occurrence of plasmodesmata (-like) structures in extant taxa of fungi, brown algae (Phaeophyceae), green algae (Chlorophyta), and streptophyte algae, we present a detailed critical update on the available literature which is adapted to the present classification of these taxa and may serve as a tool for future work. From the data, we conclude that, actually, development of complex multicellularity correlates with symplasmic connectivity in many algal taxa, but there might be alternative routes. Furthermore, we deduce a four-step process towards the evolution of canonical plasmodesmata and demonstrate similarity of plasmodesmata in streptophyte algae and land plants with respect to the occurrence of an ER component. Finally, we discuss the urgent need for functional investigations and molecular work on cell connections in algal organisms.

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“…There is growing evidence that horizontally transferred regions (HTRs) between distantly related fungi are important for the emergence of new pathogen variants [17]. For example, a 14kb fragment encoding the ToxA virulence protein and abundant transposons was transferred between three wheat fungal pathogens of the order Pleosporales [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizontal transfers between fungalFusariumspecies contributed to successive outbreaks of coffee wilt disease

Peck,

Llewellyn,

Bennetot

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Outbreaks of fungal disease have devastated plants and animals throughout history. Over the past century, the repeated emergence of coffee wilt disease caused by the fungal pathogenFusarium xylarioidesseverely impacted coffee production across sub-Saharan Africa. To improve the disease management of such pathogens, it is crucial to understand their genetic structure and evolutionary potential. We compared the genomes of 13 historic strains spanning six decades and multiple disease outbreaks to investigate population structure and host specialisation. We foundF. xylarioidescomprises at least four distinct lineages: one host-specific toCoffea arabica, one toC. canephoravar.robusta, and two historic lineages isolated from variousCoffeaspecies. Mapping variation onto a new long-read reference genome showed that host-specificity appears to be acquired through horizontal transfer of effector genes from members of theF. oxysporumspecies complex. This species complex is known to cause wilt disease in over 100 plant species. Multiple transfers into theF. xylarioidespopulations matched to different parts of theF. oxysporummobile pathogenicity chromosome and were enriched in effector genes and transposons. Effector genes in this region and other horizontally transferred carbohydrate-active enzymes important in the breakdown of plant cell walls were shown by transcriptomics to be highly expressed during infection ofC. arabicaby the fungal arabica strains. Widespread sharing of specific transposons betweenF. xylarioidesandF. oxysporum, and the presence of largeStarshipelements, indicate that transposons were involved in horizontal transfers. Our results support the hypothesis that horizontal gene transfers contributed to the repeated emergence of this fungal disease.

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Horizontal Gene Transfer in Fungi

Cited by 5 publications

References 70 publications

The Genome of Banana Leaf Blight Pathogen Fusarium sacchari str. FS66 Harbors Widespread Gene Transfer From Fusarium oxysporum

The Genome of Banana Leaf Blight Pathogen Fusarium sacchari str. FS66 Harbors Widespread Gene Transfer From Fusarium oxysporum

Multicellularity and the Need for Communication—A Systematic Overview on (Algal) Plasmodesmata and Other Types of Symplasmic Cell Connections

Horizontal transfers between fungalFusariumspecies contributed to successive outbreaks of coffee wilt disease

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