Hormonal Contraception: Systemic Estrogen and Progestin Preparations

Verma, Nisha; Cwiak, Carrie; Kaunitz, Andrew M.

doi:10.1097/grf.0000000000000634

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…For example, norethisterone directly induces abnormal responses of endometrial, such as decidualization, increased prolactin production, and growth retardation . However, there is still unclear whether hormonal contraceptives prevent pregnancy after fertilization . Some evidence demonstrated that the addition of copper could disrupt normal uterine function, thus suggesting that impairing endometrial receptivity can be part of the mechanism of action of the copper IUD. , In the body, Cu-IUD acts as a foreign substance to induce a nonbacterial inflammation response in the uterus, and copper ions delivered from copper IUD enhance this inflammatory response at the same time …”

Section: Nanomaterials Solutions For Contraceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterials Solutions for Contraception: Concerns, Advances, and Prospects

Su,

Diao,

McGuire

et al. 2023

ACS Nano

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Preventing unintentional pregnancy is one of the goals of a global public health policy to minimize effects on individuals, families, and society. Various contraceptive formulations with high effectiveness and acceptance, including intrauterine devices, hormonal patches for females, and condoms and vasectomy for males, have been developed and adopted over the last decades. However, distinct breakthroughs of contraceptive techniques have not yet been achieved, while the associated long-term adverse effects are insurmountable, such as endocrine system disorder along with hormone administration, invasive ligation, and slowly restored fertility after removal of intrauterine devices. Spurred by developments of nanomaterials and bionanotechnologies, advanced contraceptives could be fulfilled via nanomaterial solutions with much safer and more controllable and effective approaches to meet various and specific needs for women and men at different reproductive stages. Nanomedicine techniques have been extended to develop contraceptive methods, such as the targeted drug delivery and controlled release of hormone using nanocarriers for females and physical stimulation assisted vasectomy using functional nanomaterials via photothermal treatment or magnetic hyperthermia for males. Nanomaterial solutions for advanced contraceptives offer significantly improved biosafety, noninvasive administration, and controllable reversibility. This review summarizes the nanomaterial solutions to female and male contraceptives including the working mechanisms, clinical concerns, and their merits and demerits. This work also reviewed the nanomaterials that have been adopted in contraceptive applications. In addition, we further discuss safety considerations and future perspectives of nanomaterials in nanostrategy development for next-generation contraceptives. We expect that nanomaterials would potentially replace conventional materials for contraception in the near future.

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Section: Nanomaterials Solutions For Contraceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterials Solutions for Contraception: Concerns, Advances, and Prospects

Su,

Diao,

McGuire

et al. 2023

ACS Nano

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“…Skyla and Kyleena have a smaller insertion tube (1 mm smaller) with easier insertion and less pain [19]. This form of contraception can also be used as a treatment for endometrial hyperplasia as it reverses simple endometrial hyperplasia by more than 90% and atypical hyperplasia by more than 65% [20,21]. Progesterone is used in people with an intact uterus using estrogen replacement therapy during menopause to prevent endometrial overgrowth and endometrial cancer.…”

Section: Contraceptive Progestinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progestins of today and tomorrow

Liu¹,

Kciuk

Frank

et al. 2022

Current Opinion in Obstetrics &Amp; Gynecology

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Purpose of reviewTo review the current literature on the multiple types and uses of progestins in reproductive healthcare. Recent findingsProgestins for contraceptive use are available in multiple forms, with the ongoing development of transdermal, intravaginal, and male contraception formulations. Noncontraceptive use of progestins often overlaps with contraceptive indications, which allows for simultaneous multipurpose progestin use, especially in reproductive-aged patients. More studies are needed to determine contraceptive doses of progestins used for noncontraceptive purposes. Side effect profiles of progestins are dependent on their formulation and cross-reactivity with other steroid receptors. Development of newer progestins includes manipulating pharmacologic properties to avoid undesired side effects.

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“…The main risk factors for breast cancer are hormonal and genetic conditions (family history) [5] Hormonal factors can be influenced by several things, including age at menarche, age at first pregnancy, parity, history of breastfeeding, infertility and long-term use of hormonal contraception [6,7]. Early menache or first menstruation at a relatively young age (less than 12 years) is associated with an increased risk of cancer with an OR = 1.5 [8] Based on the evaluation results, the latest evidence relating to diet and cancer, some recommendations to prevent cancer include a diet with organic types of food, balanced and varied nutrition, and a diet to maintain a normal body mass index and an active lifestyle [9,10,11].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinformatic Study of Ziziphus Jujuba (Rhamnaceae) in Preventing the Growth of Breast Cancer

et al. 2022

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Breast cancer is a disease that occurs in the breast when abnormal cell growth occurs in the glands, ducts and tissues. Preventing its growth can be done by consuming organic foods such as Zizhipus jujuba (Rhamnaceae) plant which functions to prevent the growth of breast cancer because this plant contains protein, calcium, iron, magnesium, vitamins, active compounds such as flavonoids, carotenoids, alkaloids, phenols, quercetin. methyl esters, terpenoids, saponins, and so on that function to prevent the growth of free radicals that can damage cells in the body. The purpose of this study was to see the bioactivity of plants in bidara Ziziphus jujube (Rhamnaceae). The method used is a computational study using various bioinformatics applications. From the research it was found that the bidara plant Ziziphus jujube (Rhamnaceae) plant has many useful ingredients including protein, calcium, iron, magnesium, vitamins, active compounds such as flavonoids, carotenoids, alkaloids, phenols, quercetin, methyl esters, terpenoids and saponins.

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Hormonal Contraception: Systemic Estrogen and Progestin Preparations

Cited by 4 publications

References 129 publications

Nanomaterials Solutions for Contraception: Concerns, Advances, and Prospects

Nanomaterials Solutions for Contraception: Concerns, Advances, and Prospects

Progestins of today and tomorrow

Bioinformatic Study of Ziziphus Jujuba (Rhamnaceae) in Preventing the Growth of Breast Cancer

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