Hormonal Influences on Social Behavior in South American Weakly Electric Fishes

Silva, Ana C.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29105-1_6

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…It has been identified for quite some time that the ability of electric fish to generate EODs is an invaluable asset for tracking their location and movements in space. In fact, there have been multiple experimental developments and successful trials in laboratory and natural settings so far 3,10,[13][14][15][16][31][32][33] . However, this is the first study reporting remote tracking of an undisturbed population of pulse-type weakly electric fish in the wild.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we present the first successful remote tracking of an undisturbed natural population of the pulse-type weakly electric fish, Gymnotus omarorum, based on individual-specific traits of their continuously emitting electric signals. Recent previous studies have achieved the individual remote tracking in species of weakly electric fish whose EODs are quasi-sinusoidal by EOD frequency-driven tracking algorithms 3,10,13,14 and by the development of cutting-edge portable amplifiers 30 . In this study, an updated version of the electric fish loggers together with an adaptation of the tracking algorithms for pulse-fish were important to achieve the individual identification of non-sinusoidal weakly electric fish.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pulse-type weakly electric fish emit short (typically less than 2 ms) stereotyped pulses with longer periods of silence, whose rate is lower (<100 Hz) and highly variable in mormyriforms but quite regular in gymnotiforms 11 . Therefore, EODs can also be used as a cue for individual recognition, although several species (especially pulse-type electric fish) show dramatic plastic changes in their EOD rates and waveforms, which can jeopardize individual recognition, particularly in natural scenarios 12,13 . Recent studies have succeeded in the remote tracking of wave-type electric fish in the wild based on the individual-specific EOD frequency 3,10,13,14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, EODs can also be used as a cue for individual recognition, although several species (especially pulse-type electric fish) show dramatic plastic changes in their EOD rates and waveforms, which can jeopardize individual recognition, particularly in natural scenarios 12,13 . Recent studies have succeeded in the remote tracking of wave-type electric fish in the wild based on the individual-specific EOD frequency 3,10,13,14 . However, given that the EOD rate of pulse-type electric fish is highly variable and context dependent, individual monitoring has only been achieved so far with the help of video tracking and machine learning, methods that are not feasible to implement in the wild 15,16 .Gymnotus omarorum is a pulse-type weakly electric fish widely distributed in the southern boundary of gymnotiform distribution in South America 17,18 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Tracking spatial patterns and nocturnal arousal in an undisturbed natural population of the pulse-type weakly electric fishGymnotus omarorum

Migliaro,

Pedraja,

Mucha

et al. 2024

Preprint

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SUMMARYAssessing animals’ locomotor and activity-rest patterns in natural populations is challenging. It requires individual identification and behavioral tracking in sometimes complex and inaccessible environments. Weakly electric fish are advantageous models for remote monitoring due to their continuous emission of electric signals (EODs).Gymnotus omarorumis a South American freshwater pulse-type weakly electric fish. Previous manual recordings of restrained individuals in the wild showed a spatial distribution compatible with territoriality and a nocturnal increase in EOD rate interpreted as arousal. This interdisciplinary study presents the development of low-cost amplifiers for remote EOD recordings and the refinement of tracking algorithms that provide individual recognition ofGymnotus omarorumin the wild. We describe natural daily spacing patterns of undisturbed individuals that are compatible with territoriality, although heterogeneous across sampling sites, and confirm that all resident fish showed a robust nocturnal increase of EOD rate likely associated with daily variations of water temperature.HIGHLIGHTSSuccessful remote individual tracking of wild pulse type weakly electric fishG. omarorumspacing patterns are compatible with known nocturnality and territorialityResidents keep their diurnal resting sites and move within small areas during the nightThe robust nocturnal electric arousal of residents is linked to water temperature peak

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tracking spatial patterns and nocturnal arousal in an undisturbed natural population of the pulse-type weakly electric fishGymnotus omarorum

Migliaro,

Pedraja,

Mucha

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…These depend on the activation of specific descending inputs to the PN, that arise from distinct prepacemaker nuclei (PPn; Caputi et al 2005; Comas and Borde 2010; Comas et al 2019). More recently, hormonal and peptidergic influences upon the electromotor system have also been characterized (reviewed in Silva 2019). Electromotor behaviors include a wide variety of changes in the rate or in the waveform of the EOD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutamatergic Control Of A Pattern-Generating Central Nucleus In A Gymnotiform Fish

Comas

Borde

2020

Preprint

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The activity of pattern-generating networks (CPG) may change under the control exerted by various neurotransmitters and modulators to adapt its behavioral outputs to different environmental demands. Although the mechanisms underlying this control have been well established in invertebrates, most of their synaptic and cellular bases are not yet well understood in vertebrates. Gymnotus omarorum, a pulse-type gymnotiform electric fish, provides a well-suited vertebrate model to investigate these mechanisms. G. omarorum emits rhythmic and stereotyped electric organ discharges (EODs), which function in both perception and communication. The EOD is considered the behavioral output of an electromotor CPG which, modulated by descending influences, organizes adaptive electromotor behaviors in response to environmental and social challenges. The CPG is composed of electrotonically coupled intrinsic pacemaker cells, which pace the rhythm, and bulbospinal projecting relay cells that contribute to organize the pattern of the muscle-derived effector activation that produce the EOD. We used electrophysiological and pharmacological techniques in brainstem slices of G. omarorum to investigate the underpinnings of the fast transmitter control of its electromotor CPG. We demonstrate that pacemaker, but not relay cells, are endowed with ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors subtypes. We also show, for the first time in gymnotiformes, that glutamatergic control of the CPG likely involves both AMPA-NMDA receptors transmitting and only-NMDA segregated synapses contacting pacemaker cells. Our data shed light on the fast neurotransmitter control of a vertebrate CPG that seems to exploit the kinetics of the involved postsynaptic receptors to command different behavioral outputs.NEW & NOTEWORTHYUnderpinnings of neuromodulation of pattern-generating central networks (CPG) have been well characterized in many species. The effects of fast neurotransmitter systems remain, however, poorly understood. This research uses in vitro electrophysiological and pharmacological techniques to show that the neurotransmitter control of a vertebrate CPG in gymnotiform fish involve the convergence of only-NMDA and AMPA-NMDA glutamatergic synapses onto neurons that pace the rhythm. These inputs may organize different behavioral outputs according to their distinct functional properties.

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Glutamatergic control of a pattern-generating central nucleus in a gymnotiform fish

Comas

Borde

2021

Journal of Neurophysiology

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The activity of central pattern-generating networks (CPGs) may change under the control exerted by various neurotransmitters and modulators to adapt its behavioral outputs to different environmental demands. Although the mechanisms underlying this control have been well established in invertebrates, most of their synaptic and cellular bases are not yet well understood in vertebrates. Gymnotus omarorum, a pulse-type gymnotiform electric fish, provides a well-suited vertebrate model to investigate these mechanisms. G. omarorum emits rhythmic and stereotyped electric organ discharges (EODs), which function in both perception and communication, under the command of an electromotor CPG. This nucleus is composed of electrotonically coupled intrinsic pacemaker cells, which pace the rhythm, and bulbospinal projecting relay cells that contribute to organize the pattern of the muscle-derived effector activation that produce the EOD. Descending influences target CPG neurons to produce adaptive behavioral electromotor responses to different environmental challenges. We used electrophysiological and pharmacological techniques in brainstem slices of G. omarorum to investigate the underpinnings of the fast transmitter control of its electromotor CPG. We demonstrate that pacemaker, but not relay cells, are endowed with ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes. We also show that glutamatergic control of the CPG likely involves two types of synapses contacting pacemaker cells, one type containing both AMPAR-NMDAR receptors and the other one only-NMDAR. Fast neurotransmitter control of vertebrate CPGs seems to exploit the kinetics of the involved postsynaptic receptors to command different behavioral outputs. The prospect of common neural designs to control CPG activity in vertebrates is discussed.

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Hormonal Influences on Social Behavior in South American Weakly Electric Fishes

Cited by 4 publications

References 80 publications

Tracking spatial patterns and nocturnal arousal in an undisturbed natural population of the pulse-type weakly electric fishGymnotus omarorum

Tracking spatial patterns and nocturnal arousal in an undisturbed natural population of the pulse-type weakly electric fishGymnotus omarorum

Glutamatergic Control Of A Pattern-Generating Central Nucleus In A Gymnotiform Fish

Glutamatergic control of a pattern-generating central nucleus in a gymnotiform fish

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