Hormone-mediated growth dynamics of the barley pericarp as revealed by magnetic resonance imaging and transcript profiling

Pielot, Rainer; Kohl, Stefan; Manz, B.; Rutten, Twan; Weier, Diana; Tarkowská, Danuše; Rolčı́k, Jakub; Strnad, Miroslav; Volke, F.; Weber, Hans; Weschke, Winfriede

doi:10.1093/jxb/erv397

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Candidate genes putative under selection on chromosome 5B are well known to be involved in different biological processes in wheat. Notably, we found auxin/indoleacetic acid responsive protein, lipoxygenase 1, strictosidine synthase, phototropic-responsive NPH3, chalcone synthase, phytochrome C, ethylene response factors, and tornado 1 genes involved in plant growth, grain development and response to biotic and abiotic stresses (Singla et al, 2006;Feng et al, 2012;Pielot et al, 2015;Phukan et al, 2017;Zou et al, 2017). This findings could represent an important starting point for the identification of genes involved in plant adaptation and to describe better durum wheat evolution.…”

Section: Outlier Loci and Selection Signaturessupporting

confidence: 51%

Whole Genome Scan Reveals Molecular Signatures of Divergence and Selection Related to Important Traits in Durum Wheat Germplasm

et al. 2020

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Section: Outlier Loci and Selection Signaturessupporting

confidence: 51%

Whole Genome Scan Reveals Molecular Signatures of Divergence and Selection Related to Important Traits in Durum Wheat Germplasm

et al. 2020

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“…Auxin is one of the key drivers of cell expansion (Perrot‐Rechenmann ; Kutschera and Wang ) and induces H + ‐ATPases, K + channels, expansins and cell wall remodelling enzymes (Ringli ). Expression of various auxin transport and metabolic genes have been detected in barley pericarp tissues, including the biosynthetic YUCCA enzymes, the auxin repressor indole‐3‐acetic acid‐amido synthetases, efflux ( PIN/ABCB ) and influx ( AUX1/LAX ) transporters (Pielot et al ).…”

Section: Auxin and The Cereal Pericarpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Array‐based transcript profiling during pericarp development showed auxin transporter genes are predominantly expressed during early stages, while auxin biosynthetic enzymes are only expressed during later stages of development (Pielot et al ). This suggests that during early stages of seed growth, auxin is not synthesised in the pericarp, but is imported, and PIN‐ and ABCB‐type efflux transporters possibly generate and maintain required auxin levels.…”

Section: Auxin and The Cereal Pericarpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, expression of these genes is generally low in the whole organ datasets, suggesting they may fulfil more specific roles in isolated regions of the seed. (Thiel et al 2011;Pielot et al 2015), most genes in the auxin signalling pathway are expressed during early stages of barley pistil development, while the number dramatically decreases during the middle stages of grain development. High expression appears to coincide with stages where maternal tissues are actively proliferating to establish an environment suitable for seed development, and/or when early divisions of the endosperm are taking place.…”

Section: Auxin Response and The Arf Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Translating auxin responses into ovules, seeds and yield: Insight from Arabidopsis and the cereals

Shirley

Aubert

Wilkinson

et al. 2019

JIPB

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Grain production in cereal crops depends on the stable formation of male and female gametes in the flower. In most angiosperms, the female gamete is produced from a germline located deep within the ovary, protected by several layers of maternal tissue, including the ovary wall, ovule integuments and nucellus. In the field, germline formation and floret fertility are major determinants of yield potential, contributing to traits such as seed number, weight and size. As such, stimuli affecting the timing and duration of reproductive phases, as well as the viability, size and number of cells within reproductive organs can significantly impact yield. One key stimulant is the phytohormone auxin, which influences growth and morphogenesis of female tissues during gynoecium development, gametophyte formation, and endosperm cellularization. In this review we consider the role of the auxin signaling pathway during ovule and seed development, first in the context of Arabidopsis and then in the cereals. We summarize the gene families involved and highlight distinct expression patterns that suggest a range of roles in reproductive cell specification and fate. This is discussed in terms of seed production and how targeted modification of different tissues might facilitate improvements.

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“…A 600 ng aliquot of labelled cRNA was used for fragmentation and array loading (Gene Expression Hybridisation Kit, Agilent Technologies). Hybridization, scanning, image evaluation, and feature extraction were achieved as described by Pielot et al, 2015. The data were evaluated with the aid of Genespring v12.5 software (Agilent Technologies) using default parameters: relative expression values were achieved after log 2 transformation, quantile normalization, and baseline transformation to the median of all samples.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trehalose 6-phosphate Controls Seed Filling by Inducing Auxin Biosynthesis

Meitzel

Radchuk

McAdam

et al. 2019

Preprint

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24Plants undergo several developmental transitions during their life cycle. One of these, the 25 differentiation of the young embryo from a meristem-like structure into a highly-specialized 26 storage organ, is vital to the formation of a viable seed. For crops in which the seed itself is the 27 end product, effective accumulation of storage compounds is of economic relevance, defining 28 the quantity and nutritive value of the harvest yield. However, the regulatory networks 29 underpinning the phase transition into seed filling are poorly understood. Here we show that 30 trehalose 6-phosphate (T6P), which functions as a signal for sucrose availability in plants, 31 mediates seed filling processes in seeds of the garden pea (Pisum sativum), a key grain legume. 32Seeds deficient in T6P are compromised in size and starch production, resembling the wrinkled 33 seeds studied by Gregor Mendel. We show also that T6P exerts these effects by stimulating the 34 biosynthesis of the pivotal plant hormone, auxin. We found that T6P promotes the expression 35 of the auxin biosynthesis gene TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE RELATED2 (TAR2), 36 and the resulting effect on auxin levels is required to mediate the T6P-induced activation of 37 storage processes. Our results suggest that auxin acts downstream of T6P to facilitate seed 38 filling, thereby providing a salient example of how a metabolic signal governs the hormonal 39 control of an integral phase transition in a crop plant.40 41 Keywords 42 Trehalose 6-phosphate, auxin, sugar signaling, embryo development, seed filling, starch 43 biosynthesis, pea 44 45 Introduction 46 The transition from early patterning into seed filling is an important phase change in developing 47 seeds, ensuring seed survival and the nourishment of seedling growth upon germination. For 48 this reason, plants have evolved a regulatory network to control seed filling, and carbohydrates 49 appear to play a pivotal role in this process (Weber et al., 2005; Hills, 2004). Sucrose is thought 50 to have a dual function in developing seeds as a nutrient sugar and as a signal molecule 51 triggering storage-associated gene expression (Weber et al., 1998). Two decades ago, the 52 invertase control hypothesis of seed development was formulated, suggesting that seed coat-53 borne invertases prevent the onset of storage processes in the early embryo by cleaving the 54 incoming sucrose into hexoses (Weber et al., 1995a). When invertase activity declines, sucrose 55 levels begin to rise and seed filling is initiated. However, relatively little is known about the 56 perception and signaling of this metabolic switch. 57 T6P, the intermediate of trehalose biosynthesis, has been shown to be an essential signal 58 metabolite in plants, linking growth and development to carbon metabolism (Lunn et al., 2006; 59 Figueroa et al., 2016b). The sucrose-T6P nexus model postulates that T6P acts as a signal of 60 sucrose availability, helping to maintain sucrose levels within a range that is appropriate for the 61 developmental st...

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Hormone-mediated growth dynamics of the barley pericarp as revealed by magnetic resonance imaging and transcript profiling

Abstract: HighlightMagnetic resonance imaging provides an understanding of dynamics of barley pericarp growth and development, while transcript and hormone profiling unravels a role for auxin and gibberellins in spatial–temporal regulation.

Cited by 23 publications

References 53 publications

Whole Genome Scan Reveals Molecular Signatures of Divergence and Selection Related to Important Traits in Durum Wheat Germplasm

Whole Genome Scan Reveals Molecular Signatures of Divergence and Selection Related to Important Traits in Durum Wheat Germplasm

Translating auxin responses into ovules, seeds and yield: Insight from Arabidopsis and the cereals

Trehalose 6-phosphate Controls Seed Filling by Inducing Auxin Biosynthesis

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