Hormone response to training and competition in athletic horses

Cayado, Patricia; Muñoz-Escassi, Bárbara; Domínguez, C. Sacramento; Manley, William; Olábarri, Begoña; Muela, Mercedes Sánchez de la; Castejón, Francisco; Marañón, Gonzalo; Vara, Elena

doi:10.1111/j.2042-3306.2006.tb05552.x

Cited by 89 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…They found that competition induced a significant increase in blood cortisol response in both jumping and dressage horses. They conclude that competition elicits a classic physiological stress response in horses [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rider and Horse Salivary Cortisol Levels During Competition and Impact on Performance

Peeters

Closson

Beckers

et al. 2013

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

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a b s t r a c tDuring competition, stress may affect riders and horses. This stress can affect health, welfare, and/or performance. Our aim was to quantify stress levels during competition in horses and riders. We also searched relationships between these stress levels and performance. Twenty riders and 23 horses were followed up during a show-jumping event (26 courses) held at a riding school. Regular saliva samples taken from horses and riders were assayed to evaluate cortisol levels. We studied salivary cortisol evolution during the days of competition. There was no correlation between instantaneous sampling on horses and their riders. However, we did find a parallel between horse and rider salivary cortisol evolution curves, with a similar peak, reached 20 minutes after the course. The increase was stronger in riders than in horses. Correlations appeared between salivary cortisol concentration and performance, but stress in both partners seems to have an opposite influence on performance. Riders who showed a higher salivary cortisol increase were awarded more penalties, whereas horses that showed a higher increase in salivary cortisol performed better. Stress level measurement in riderehorse pairs would thus lead to improvement in competition conditions and performance, for horses as well as for riders.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rider and Horse Salivary Cortisol Levels During Competition and Impact on Performance

Peeters

Closson

Beckers

et al. 2013

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

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“…Our findings were recently confirmed by another study in sport horses. Competing in either show jumping or dressage increased plasma cortisol and ACTH concentrations, but in experienced horses, this response was less than in non-experienced younger horses (Cayado et al 2006), indicating adaptation to the stressor over time. A rapid adaptation of horses has also been Pferdeheilkunde 24 found to the stress of loading onto a trailer (Shanahan 2003).…”

Section: Reproductive Function In Stallions Submitted To Different Stmentioning

confidence: 77%

Effects of stress on reproductive functions in the horse

Aurich¹,

Aurich²

2008

PHK

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“…The HPA axis regulates responses to various stress factors, digestion, immune response, mood and emotions, sexuality and energy expenditure/storage [11,59,104,[132][133][134] . In addition, since the HPA axis is also connected with the autonomic nervous system [135,136] , it is very important when the response of the HPA axis regulation [137] . Moreover, it has been reported that animals performing an exercise at the stress-induced physiological and environmental factors can be strongly affected [59,[137][138][139] .…”

Section: Dm and Central Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, since the HPA axis is also connected with the autonomic nervous system [135,136] , it is very important when the response of the HPA axis regulation [137] . Moreover, it has been reported that animals performing an exercise at the stress-induced physiological and environmental factors can be strongly affected [59,[137][138][139] . Therefore, there would be enough possibilities to show different behavioral effects under various kinds of stress factors in exercise animal models such as metabolic DM and psychological depression/anxiety disorders.…”

Section: Dm and Central Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, there would be enough possibilities to show different behavioral effects under various kinds of stress factors in exercise animal models such as metabolic DM and psychological depression/anxiety disorders. Cayado et al [137] reported that different training showed different exercise effects at the horse exercise training. Martínez-Mota et al [138] indicated that the HPA axis response can be different according to sex and age at the exercise animal model.…”

Section: Dm and Central Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of exercise on brain functions in diabetic animal models

Yi¹

2015

WJD

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Human life span has dramatically increased over several decades, and the quality of life has been considered to be equally important. However, diabetes mellitus (DM) characterized by problems related to insulin secretion and recognition has become a serious health problem in recent years that threatens human health by causing decline in brain functions and finally leading to neurodegenerative diseases. Exercise is recognized as an effective therapy for DM without medication administration. Exercise studies using experimental animals are a suitable option to overcome this drawback, and animal studies have improved continuously according to the needs of the experimenters. Since brain health is the most significant factor in human life, it is very important to assess brain functions according to the different exercise conditions using experimental animal models. Generally, there are two types of DM; insulin-dependent type 1 DM and an insulin-independent type 2 DM (T2DM); however, the author will mostly discuss brain functions in T2DM animal models in this review. Additionally, many physiopathologic alterations are caused in the brain by DM such as increased adiposity, inflammation, hormonal dysregulation, uncontrolled hyperphagia, insulin and leptin resistance, and dysregulation of neurotransmitters and declined neurogenesis in the hippocampus and we describe how exercise corrects these alterations in animal models. The results of changes in the brain environment differ according to voluntary, involuntary running exercises and resistance exercise, and gender in the animal studies. These factors have been mentioned in this review, and this review will be a good reference for studying how exercise can be used with therapy for treating DM.

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Hormone response to training and competition in athletic horses

Abstract: This study shows that competition elicits a classic physiological stress response in horses and that different training programmes induce different responses. It suggests that horses involved in competition can provide a good model to study the exercise-induced stress response.

Cited by 89 publications

References 18 publications

Rider and Horse Salivary Cortisol Levels During Competition and Impact on Performance

Rider and Horse Salivary Cortisol Levels During Competition and Impact on Performance

Effects of stress on reproductive functions in the horse

Effects of exercise on brain functions in diabetic animal models

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