Hormones and Sex-Specific Medicine in Human Physiopathology

Tokatli, Maria Raza; Sisti, Leuconoe Grazia; Marziali, Eleonora; Nachira, Lorenza; Rossi, Maria Francesca; Amantea, Carlotta; Moscato, Umberto; Malorni, Walter

doi:10.3390/biom12030413

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 151 publications

(190 reference statements)

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“…GM involves the prevention, the diagnosis, the study of pathogenetic mechanisms, and the outcome of diseases, as well as the efficacy and safety of treatments. This reflects on biomedical studies: both experimental and clinical investigations should consider sex and gender as key variables and should provide answers to the plethora of questions raised by the discovery of a wide and relevant sex/gender disparity in human health and disease [ 2 ]. Migraine merges both sex and gender issues since both biological and sociocultural matters are of relevance in this disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and gender differences in migraines: a narrative review

et al. 2022

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Introduction Gender medicine is a new medical approach aimed at the study of the differences between women and men in terms of prevention, diagnosis, and the outcome of all diseases. Migraines are among these. They represent the most common neurological illness; they are most prevalent in adults between 20 and 50 years of age and are three to four times more frequent in woman than in men. Affecting people in working age, migraines are a problem that strongly impacts the psychophysical health and productivity of workers, regardless of the specific job task they have. Methods A narrative review was performed, searching for the most relevant articles describing gender differences in people suffering from migraines, and particularly in workers. Results Migraine global prevalence is 20.7% in women and 9.7% in men whereas prevalence in Italy is 32.9% for women and only 13.0% for men. This difference is partly explained by hormonal differences, as well as by differences in brain structure, genetic polymorphisms and neuronal pathways. Sex differences may also play a role in the progression from episodic to chronic migraine. In workers, migraines are mostly associated with strenuous physical work in men, whilst migraines triggered by night shifts, lack of sleep, or irregular sleep patterns are more common in women. Conclusions To this day, the reasons of sex/gender disparity for migraine are still obscure. However, migraines, chronic migraine in particular, have a negative impact on the lives of all individuals affected by this disease, but particularly in women in which family cares and working activity are often superimposed. Migraine prevention strategies should be planned in workers through the occupational health physician.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and gender differences in migraines: a narrative review

et al. 2022

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“…This fact differs from the available literature, according to which female caregivers [ 5 ] and non-caregivers [ 2 ] report more sleep problems than males. This may be due to factors such as sexual hormones or stress [ 41 , 42 ]. Indeed, perceived stress has been found to be a predictor of insomnia for female caregivers, but not for male caregivers [ 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insomnia Symptoms and Associated Factors in Caregivers of Adult Hospitalized Patients

et al. 2023

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Caregivers experience high levels of emotional stress and must cope with several clinical and hospital-related environmental factors that seriously impact their night’s rest. The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence of insomnia symptoms in a sample of caregivers of adult hospitalized patients and to examine the relationships between insomnia symptoms and patient and caregiver-associated factors. A total of 152 caregivers were enrolled from the two main hospitals in Granada, Spain. Sociodemographic, economic, and care-related data were collected. Insomnia symptoms, burden, anxiety and depression, social support, and resilience were assessed. Information on patients’ hospital admission, dependence, and neuropsychiatric symptoms was also obtained. Most caregivers were middle-aged women caring for their spouses. Self-reported insomnia prevalence was set at 45.4%. Comparison analyses between caregivers suffering from insomnia symptoms and non-insomniacs showed significantly higher burden, anxiety and depression and patients’ neuropsychiatric symptoms (p < 0.05) and lower resilience and social support in the former (p < 0.01). A regression analysis showed that anxiety (ORa = 1.15; p < 0.05) and higher caregiver education level (ORa = 5.50; p < 0.05) were factors significantly associated with insomnia symptoms. Patients’ neuropsychiatric symptoms showed a trend toward statistical significance as well (ORa = 1.09; p = 0.06). There is an acute need to address, prevent and treat insomnia problems in caregivers.

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“…6,7 For sex difference, it is an important issue because of its association with several diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. 7,20,21 Sex hormones might be one of the important factors to consider whether there is a relationship between the degree of cognitive function and anemia, because the correlation was specifically found in women aged 70-80 years, which is assumed to be the Lower cognitive function and anemia © 2023 Japan Geriatrics Society.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower cognitive function as a risk factor for anemia among older Japanese women from the longitudinal observation in theSONICstudy

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Kabayama

et al. 2023

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

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Aim The aging‐related increase in the incidence of anemia potentially affects the mortality risk. Lower cognitive function is common among older adults, and anemia is one of the causes of cognitive decline. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has investigated whether cognitive decline is a risk factor for anemia in older people. Therefore, in this study, we used a 3‐year longitudinal evaluation to examine the association of cognitive function with anemia in community‐dwelling older adults. Methods This longitudinal study enrolled participants without anemia (diagnosed based on the World Health Organization's criteria) at baseline. Cognitive function was assessed using the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the association between cognitive function at baseline and the presence of anemia 3 years later. Results Participants were in the 69–71 and 79–81 years age groups, and 974 older people (48.6% men) were enrolled, of whom 126 (12.9%) had anemia after 3 years. After adjusting, cognitive function at baseline was associated with anemia in women, but not in men. Conclusions Older Japanese women with lower cognitive function have an increased risk for anemia 3 years later. The adoption of a lifestyle that utilizes or improves cognitive function might be important to prevent anemia in older women. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 334–340.

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Hormones and Sex-Specific Medicine in Human Physiopathology

Cited by 21 publications

References 151 publications

Sex and gender differences in migraines: a narrative review

Sex and gender differences in migraines: a narrative review

Insomnia Symptoms and Associated Factors in Caregivers of Adult Hospitalized Patients

Lower cognitive function as a risk factor for anemia among older Japanese women from the longitudinal observation in theSONICstudy

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