Horny sponges and their affairs: On the phylogenetic relationships of keratose sponges

Erpenbeck, Dirk; Sutcliffe, Patricia; Cook, Steve de C.; Dietzel, Andreas; Maldonado, Manuel; Soest, R.W.M. van; Hooper, John N. A.; Wörheide, Gert

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2012.02.024

Cited by 67 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…3), a well-known lithoautotrophic nitrite-oxidising bacteria previously found in other marine sponges [11]. Very few OTUs found in H. erectus were shared with sediment, seawater and both Stylissa species despite the fact that phylogenetically, the Haplosclerida is more closely related to the Halichondrida than to the Dictyoceratida [67].…”

Section: Bacterial Composition: Biotope Versus Environmentmentioning

confidence: 87%

Composition and Predictive Functional Analysis of Bacterial Communities in Seawater, Sediment and Sponges in the Spermonde Archipelago, Indonesia

et al. 2015

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In this study, we used a 16S rRNA gene barcoded pyrosequencing approach to sample bacterial communities from six biotopes, namely, seawater, sediment and four sponge species (Stylissa carteri, Stylissa massa, Xestospongia testudinaria and Hyrtios erectus) inhabiting coral reefs of the Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Samples were collected along a pronounced onshore to offshore environmental gradient. Our goals were to (1) compare higher taxon abundance among biotopes, (2) test to what extent variation in bacterial composition can be explained by the biotope versus environment, (3) identify dominant (>300 sequences) bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and their closest known relatives and (4) assign putative functions to the sponge bacterial communities using a recently developed predictive metagenomic approach. We observed marked differences in bacterial composition and the relative abundance of the most abundant phyla, classes and orders among sponge species, seawater and sediment. Although all biotopes housed compositionally distinct bacterial communities, there were three prominent clusters. These included (1) both Stylissa species and seawater, (2) X. testudinaria and H. erectus and (3) sediment. Bacterial communities sampled from the same biotope, but different environments (based on proximity to the coast) were much more similar than bacterial communities from different biotopes in the same environment. The biotope thus appears to be a much more important structuring force than the surrounding environment. There were concomitant differences in the predicted counts of KEGG orthologs (KOs) suggesting that bacterial communities housed in different sponge species, sediment and seawater perform distinct functions. In particular, the bacterial communities of both Stylissa species were predicted to be enriched for KOs related to chemotaxis, nitrification and denitrification whereas bacterial communities in X. testudinaria and H. erectus were predicted to be enriched for KOs related to the toxin-antitoxin (TA) system, nutrient starvation and heavy metal export.

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Section: Bacterial Composition: Biotope Versus Environmentmentioning

confidence: 87%

Composition and Predictive Functional Analysis of Bacterial Communities in Seawater, Sediment and Sponges in the Spermonde Archipelago, Indonesia

et al. 2015

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“…The sponge taxonomy was phylogenetically identified using partial subunit I of the cytochrome C oxidase (COXI) amplified according to previously mentioned methods (Erpenbeck et al, 2012) and almost full-length 18/23S rRNA genes assembled from the following metagenomic data. In total, four separated sponge individuals that were disconnected from one another were detached from the seafloor, placed in clean plastic bags and brought to the diving boat.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cyanobacteria-Dominated Sponge Dactylospongia elegans in the South China Sea: Prokaryotic Community and Metagenomic Insights

et al. 2017

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The South China Sea is a special reservoir of sponges of which prokaryotic communities are less studied. Here, a new record of the sponge Dactylospongia elegans is reported near the coast of Jinqing Island in the South China Sea, and its prokaryotic community is comprehensively investigated. Sponge specimens displayed lower microbial diversity compared with surrounding seawater. At the phylum level, prokaryotic communities were consistently dominated by Proteobacteria, followed by Cyanobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Thaumarchaeota, and Poribacteria. Operational taxonomic unit (OTU) analysis alternatively showed that the most abundant symbiont was the sponge-specific cyanobacterial species “Candidatus Synechococcus spongiarum,” followed by OTUs belonging to the unidentified Chloroflexi and Acidobacteria. Phylogenetic tree based on 16S-23S internal transcribed spacer regions indicated that the dominated cyanobacterial OTU represented a new clade of “Ca. Synechococcus spongiarum.” More reliable metagenomic data further revealed that poribacterial symbionts were highly abundant and only secondary to the cyanobacterial symbiont. One draft genome for each of the Cyanobacteria, Chloroflexi and Acidobacteria and three poribacterial genomes were extracted from the metagenomes. Among them, genomes affiliated with the Chloroflexi and Acidobacteria were reported for the first time in sponge symbionts. Eukaryotic-like domains were found in all the binned genomes, indicating their potential symbiotic roles with the sponge host. The high quality of the six recovered genomes of sponge symbionts from the sponge D. elegans makes it possible to understand their symbiotic roles and interactions with the sponge host as well as among one another.

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“…Thacker et al, 2013). Figure 5 summarizes the current phylogenetic interpretation of the relationships among verongid genera based on the latest molecular, and morphologic studies of the group (Erwin and Thacker, 2007;Erpenbeck et al, 2012;Díaz et al, 2013;Redmond et al, 2013;Thacker et al, 2013). The two sister clades make up the subclass Myxospongiae, one containing the amended Verongida (after Redmond et al, 2013) and the other containing Chondrilla and Halisarca (Order Chondrillida sensu Redmond et al, 2013).…”

Section: Taxonomic Descriptions Class Demospongiae Sollas 1885mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies using a molecular phylogenetics approach (including gene sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I [COI] and the small [18S] and large [28S] subunits of nuclear ribosomal RNA) have challenged traditional taxonomic and phylogenetic interpretations within this order, and shed new light on its relationships with other orders of Demospongiae (Erpenbeck et al, 2012;Redmond et al, 2013;Thacker et al, 2013). Erpenbeck et al (2012) suggested that molecular information (28S and COI), and the morphology of choanocyte chambers are the most robust sets of data for re-evaluating suprageneric verongid taxa and their phylogenetic relationships.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Erpenbeck et al (2012) suggested that molecular information (28S and COI), and the morphology of choanocyte chambers are the most robust sets of data for re-evaluating suprageneric verongid taxa and their phylogenetic relationships. These authors found phylogenetic support for two distinct putative clades of choanocyte chamber morphology (taxa possessing eurypylous vs. diplodal chambers), independent of the presence of a fiber skeleton or the skeleton's structural arrangement (anastomosing or dendritic).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vansoestia caribensis gen. nov., sp. nov.: first report of the family Ianthellidae (Verongida, Demospongiae) in the Caribbean

Díaz¹,

Thacker

Redmond

et al. 2015

Zootaxa

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A thin fiber-less sponge from Caribbean reefs (Bocas del Toro, Panama) with close genetic affinities (based on 18S and 28S nuclear ribosomal RNA gene sequences) to large fan-shaped fiber-bearing sponges (Ianthella and Anomoianthella) from the Indo-Pacific Ocean is here presented. We describe its overall external morphology, histological features, and ultrastructure. Its genetic distance from the only previously known fiber-less verongid genus, Hexadella, prompted the need to erect a new genus to classify this species. This novel species constitutes the first record for a member of the family Ianthellidae in the Caribbean. The characterization of the family Ianthellidae (sensu Cook and Bergquist, 2000) is here modified by: i) highlighting the cavernous nature of the choanosome, with many lacunae and channels reported for all genera included in the family; ii) extending the family distribution to the Caribbean; and iii) adding a fourth genus to the group of verongids with eurypylous chambers. The possession of a cellularized cortex (10–300 µm in thickness) is here proposed as a potential synapomorphic character of the Ianthella–Anomoianthella–Vansoestia clade. The main issues regarding the suprageneric classification of verongids are discussed.

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Horny sponges and their affairs: On the phylogenetic relationships of keratose sponges

Cited by 67 publications

References 26 publications

Composition and Predictive Functional Analysis of Bacterial Communities in Seawater, Sediment and Sponges in the Spermonde Archipelago, Indonesia

Composition and Predictive Functional Analysis of Bacterial Communities in Seawater, Sediment and Sponges in the Spermonde Archipelago, Indonesia

The Cyanobacteria-Dominated Sponge Dactylospongia elegans in the South China Sea: Prokaryotic Community and Metagenomic Insights

Vansoestia caribensis gen. nov., sp. nov.: first report of the family Ianthellidae (Verongida, Demospongiae) in the Caribbean

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