Hortaea acidophila, a new acid-tolerant black yeast from lignite

Hölker, Udo; Bend, Jutta; Pracht, Rolf; Tetsch, Larissa; Müller, Tobias; Höfer, Milan; Hoog, G. S. de

doi:10.1007/s10482-005-0101-0

Cited by 65 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…More recently, an acid-tolerant organism belonging to this class was isolated and named Hortaea acidophila (21). In addition to demonstrating the presence of Dothideomycetes (IM group II; Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, these fungi may not be challenged by extreme acidity, high toxic metal concentrations, and moderately elevated temperatures (47°C), so there is no strong driving force for the evolution of specialized lineages to colonize AMD habitats. Since we know that other fungi found in acidic environments are capable of normal growth at a circumneutral pH, we believe that they have a selective advantage in surviving in acid that other closely related fungi do not (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolically Active Eukaryotic Communities in Extremely Acidic Mine Drainage

Baker¹,

Lutz

Dawson³

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

162

127

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Acid mine drainage (AMD) microbial communities contain microbial eukaryotes (both fungi and protists) that confer a biofilm structure and impact the abundance of bacteria and archaea and the community composition via grazing and other mechanisms. Since prokaryotes impact iron oxidation rates and thus regulate AMD generation rates, it is important to analyze the fungal and protistan populations. We utilized 18S rRNA and beta-tubulin gene phylogenies and fluorescent rRNA-specific probes to characterize the eukaryotic diversity and distribution in extremely acidic (pHs 0.8 to 1.38), warm (30 to 50°C), metal-rich (up to 269 mM Fe 2؉ , 16.8 mM Zn, 8.5 mM As, and 4.1 mM Cu) AMD solutions from the Richmond Mine at Iron Mountain, Calif. A Rhodophyta (red algae) lineage and organisms from the Vahlkampfiidae family were identified. The fungal 18S rRNA and tubulin gene sequences formed two distinct phylogenetic groups associated with the classes Dothideomycetes and Eurotiomycetes. Three fungal isolates that were closely related to the Dothideomycetes clones were obtained. We suggest the name "Acidomyces richmondensis" for these isolates. Since these ascomycete fungi were morphologically indistinguishable, rRNA-specific oligonucleotide probes were designed to target the Dothideomycetes and Eurotiomycetes via fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). FISH analyses indicated that Eurotiomycetes are generally more abundant than Dothideomycetes in all of the seven locations studied within the Richmond Mine system. This is the first study to combine the culture-independent detection of fungi with in situ detection and a demonstration of activity in an acidic environment. The results expand our understanding of the subsurface AMD microbial community structure.The Richmond Mine at Iron Mountain, which is near the city of Redding in northern California, is a subsurface mine that contains chemolithotrophic microbial communities that are sustained by energy derived from pyrite (FeS 2 ) oxidation (4). The dissolution of pyrite from the Richmond Mine ore body yields warm (35 to 57°C), extremely acidic (typically pHs 0.5 to 0.9), metal-rich (for a review, see reference 4) fluids referred to as acid mine drainage (AMD). At the Richmond Mine it is possible to access, via mining tunnels, several environments that harbor these extremely acidophilic communities.Microbial eukaryotes likely play critical, but as yet only partially determined, roles in AMD communities. Fungal hyphae comprise a significant but variable portion of the total biomass in many biofilm communities in the Richmond Mine, particularly in those growing in flowing solutions. The hyphae may contribute to the anchoring of biofilms to pyrite sediments and may confer structure, especially to "slime streamers" (4). Relatively large fungal filaments also provide surfaces for the attachment of prokaryotes (see Fig. 3C in reference 4). In addition, they keep organic carbon levels low and produce dissolved carbonate ions, which are likely important for the growth of chemolithoautot...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolically Active Eukaryotic Communities in Extremely Acidic Mine Drainage

Baker¹,

Lutz

Dawson³

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

162

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Intercalary or lateral annellidic conidiogenous cells produce brown, twocelled ellipsoidal conidia with a darkened central septum. ITS sequencing facilitates molecular identification (823) and clearly distinguishes H. werneckii from other closely related halophilic and acidophilic (H. acidophila) nonpathogenic species (347).…”

Section: Capnodialesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanized Fungi in Human Disease

2010

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SUMMARY Melanized or dematiaceous fungi are associated with a wide variety of infectious syndromes. Many are soil organisms and are generally distributed worldwide, though certain species appear to have restricted geographic ranges. Though they are uncommon causes of disease, melanized fungi have been increasingly recognized as important pathogens, with most reports occurring in the past 20 years. The spectrum of diseases with which they are associated has also broadened and includes allergic disease, superficial and deep local infections, pneumonia, brain abscess, and disseminated infection. For some infections in immunocompetent individuals, such as allergic fungal sinusitis and brain abscess, they are among the most common etiologic fungi. Melanin is a likely virulence factor for these fungi. Diagnosis relies on careful microscopic and pathological examination, as well as clinical assessment of the patient, as these fungi are often considered contaminants. Therapy varies depending upon the clinical syndrome. Local infection may be cured with excision alone, while systemic disease is often refractory to therapy. Triazoles such as voriconazole, posaconazole, and itraconazole have the most consistent in vitro activity. Further studies are needed to better understand the pathogenesis and optimal treatment of these uncommon infections.

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“…(Sigler & Carmichael 1974); and acid mine drainage (pH 0.8-1.38) as "Acidomyces richmondensis" (invalid name, Baker et al 2004 (Hölker et al 2004). The latter two species were reported to grow even at pH 1 (Sigler & Carmichael 1974;Baker et al 2004;Hölker et al 2004;. All the acidophilic fungi hitherto reported are invariably anamorphic species; Teratosphaeria acidotherma A.…”

Section: Fungi From Polluted Environments: a Rich Source For Bioexplomentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity, evolution and adaptation of fungi in extreme environments

Selbmann

Egidi

Isola

et al. 2013

Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all As

105

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Fungi play irreplaceable roles for ecosystem functioning. They may adopt different lifestyles, for example saprotrophs, symbionts or parasites: some species are cosmopolitan with a wide distribution and others, thanks to their ecological plasticity, may adapt to harsh environments precluded to most of life forms. In stressing conditions, their role is even more crucial for the recycling of organic matter or favoring nutrients uptake. When the conditions become really extreme and competition is low, fungi focus on extremotolerance and evolve peculiar competences to exploit natural or xenobiotic resources in the particular constrains imposed by the environment. This paper focuses on three different cases of fungal life in the extremes: hydrocarbon-polluted sites, extremely acidic substrates, and littoral dunes, aiming to give few but significant examples of the role of these fascinating organisms in peculiar habitats and the valuable biotechnological potentialities of the abilities they have evolved in response to such constrains. Keywords

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Hortaea acidophila, a new acid-tolerant black yeast from lignite

Cited by 65 publications

References 20 publications

Metabolically Active Eukaryotic Communities in Extremely Acidic Mine Drainage

Metabolically Active Eukaryotic Communities in Extremely Acidic Mine Drainage

Melanized Fungi in Human Disease

Biodiversity, evolution and adaptation of fungi in extreme environments

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