“…In the years since Levine's (2005) scathing critique regarding the demise of the Ed.D., educational leadership professors across the country have been challenged to reimagine and redesign Ed.D. programs, in which the focus is on developing the knowledge and skills doctoral students need to serve as effective educational leaders to ensure school improvement (Andrews & Grogan, 2005;Evans, 2007;Perry, 2012;Shulman, 2005;Shulman et al, 2006). Schools of education, specifically doctoral programs in educational leadership, have been criticized for lack of sufficient academic rigor and have received recommendations calling for redesign and reform (Maranto, Ritter, & Levine, 2010;Zirkel, 2012).…”