Hospital-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections: Results of a Cohort Study Performed in an Internal Medicine Department

Abstract

33% -48%) of which in the absence of clinical criteria for that procedure. The global cumulative incidence rate for nosocomial urinary tract infections was 4.6% (95% CI: 2.5% -6.7%). Most hospital acquired urinary tract infections (61.1%) were related to bladder catheter use. We quantified 3.06 infections / 1000 patient-days and 14.5 infections / 1000 catheter-days. Catheter associated urinary tract infection occurred at an early stage of hospitalization. The vast majority of patients (66.7%) that developed a catheter associated urinary tract infection were subjected to bladder catheter placement at emergency department. Seventy one per cent of catheter associated urinary tract infection occurred in patients that were subjected to bladder catheter placement without criteria. Discussion: These results point to an excessive and inadequate use of urinary catheters, highlighting the need for judicious use taking into account the formal clinical indications. The incidence of catheter associated urinary tract infection is similar to what we found in other studies. Nevertheless we found a very high incidence density per catheter-days that may foresee a problem probably related to the absence of early withdrawal of the device, and to both bladder catheter placement and maintenance practices. A significant part of catheter associated urinary tract infection occurred in patients that had the bladder catheter placed in the emergency department, before the admission to the internal medicine ward, which highlights the need to assess the urinary catheterization practices in those departments. Conclusion:The high rate of catheter associated urinary tract infection that occurred in the absence of bladder placement indication reinforces the need to implement prevention strategies that contemplate the reduction of its use. Emergency departments should be part of quality improvement projects in this area. Causes for the early onset of catheter associated urinary tract infection in this cohort should be investigated.

Risk factors of perioperative complications for posterior spinal fusion in degenerative scoliosis patients: a retrospective study

“…Therefore, it was very important to prevent and early detect urinary infection. Most nosocomial urinary infections were associated with indwelling urinary catheters, and its incidence could be significantly reduced by shortening indwelling time [ 11 ]. It was suggested to remove urinary catheter as soon as possible.…”

Comparative Analysis of the Therapeutic Effect of Disinfectant and Non-disinfectant on the Separation of the Labia Minora in Infants

“…Thus, the perineal environment is not sterile. The guidelines of the American Society of Infectious Diseases and the British guidelines state that the use of disinfectant to clean the urethral opening in the absence of urinary tract infection is not recommended; however, the use of sterile saline to clean the urethral opening prior to surgery is recommended [7][8][9] . Studies have confirmed that adults or children who use or do not use disinfectant to clean the urethral orifice before induration show no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of urinary tract infection [10][11] .…”

Introductory Chapter: An Overview on Urinary Tract Infections, Pathogens, and Risk Factors

“…must be considered as an important threat for progression of nosocomial UTIs among catheterized patients; hence, the catheters may act as an important source for aggregation of microbial pathogens, which are both antibiotic sensitive and antibiotic resistant. Thus, the use of assays pertaining to antibiotic susceptibilities and broad-spectrum antibiotics are pivotal items to reduce the number of patients with nosocomial UTIs [6,24,28].…”