Hospital and Community Validation of a Screening Instrument for Detection of Neurodisability in Indian Children Aged 6 Months to 2 Years

Bhave, Anupama; Bhargava, Roli; Rizvi, Anwar; Rizvi, Talat; Kumar, Rashmi

doi:10.1159/000331873

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The LNDS consists of 13 questions covering the domains of vision, hearing, motor, and epilepsy, and a grid for developmental screening. The validation criteria used and the results of reliability and validation of the LNDS have already been published …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whenever there was doubt, a child was carefully followed up by repeat examinations to reach a conclusion. The LNDS had overall sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive values (95% confidence intervals [CI]) of 96% (89.2–98.1), 68% (56.4–77.9), and 76% (65.8–84.1) respectively in the hospital setting …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The validation criteria used and the results of reliability and validation of the LNDS have already been published. 3…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have developed a tool – the Lucknow Neurodevelopmental Screen (LNDS) – to detect neurological disorders in this age group. A validation study of this tool in the hospital setting and then in the community has already been published . The current paper reports the prevalence and risk factors for neurological disorders in this age group in the urban and rural community of Lucknow, India, using a two‐phase design.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and risk factors for neurological disorders in children aged 6 months to 2 years in northern India

Kumar

Bhave

Bhargava

et al. 2013

Develop Med Child Neuro

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GDD Global developmental delay LNDS Lucknow Neurodevelopment ScreenAIM To study prevalence and risk factors for neurological disorders -epilepsy, global developmental delay, and motor, vision, and hearing defects -in children aged 6 months to 2 years in northern India.METHOD A two-stage community survey for neurological disorders was conducted in rural and urban areas of Lucknow. After initial screening with a new instrument, the Lucknow Neurodevelopment Screen, screen positives and a random proportion of screen negatives were validated using predefined criteria. Prevalence was calculated by weighted estimates. Demographic, socio-economic, and medical risk factors were compared between validated children who were positive and negative for neurological disorders by univariate and logistic regression analysis. Neurological disorders are a leading cause of disability internationally. They have a considerable impact on the quality and duration of life. 1 Disorders of the brain may produce epilepsy as well as functional limitations in cognition, vision, hearing, and neuromotor ability. The same insult can cause disability in more than one domain and several different insults can affect one domain. Much of this disability is preventable at primary, secondary, or tertiary level. Prevalence of disability is dynamic and depends on factors such as age distribution of the population, lifespan of those affected, availability of preventive measures, and initial treatment received. RESULTS 2There are many causes of neurological disorders, which can be grouped as genetic, prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal. Many of the causes of neurological disorders are more common in resource-poor countries. Therefore, prevalence of neurological disability is expected to be higher in these countries but few studies have addressed this question in children. In resource-poor countries estimating the prevalence, epidemiology, and risk factors for neurological disorders is especially difficult owing to the paucity of health, mortality, and morbidity records. Such data, even if available, are often incomplete. In particular, data pertaining to infants below 2 years is largely unexplored so far. This age group is particularly challenging because neurological problems are difficult to pick up and are often evolving, which is why we prefer to use the term 'disorder' to 'disability' in this paper. However, because plasticity of a young child's brain allows a window of opportunity for remedial measures, it is important to study this age group.There is also a general lack of standardized screening tools for detecting neurological disorders in this age group. We have developed a tool -the Lucknow Neurodevelopmental Screen (LNDS) -to detect neurological disorders in this age group. A validation study of this tool in the hospital setting and then in the community has already been published. 3 The current paper reports the prevalence and risk factors for neurological disorders in this age group in the urban and rural community of Lucknow, India, using a t...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The validation criteria used and the results of reliability and validation of the LNDS have already been published. 3…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and risk factors for neurological disorders in children aged 6 months to 2 years in northern India

Kumar

Bhave

Bhargava

et al. 2013

Develop Med Child Neuro

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“…Estimation of prevalence in the community generally involves a 3-step design—developing a valid screening instrument, using the instrument in a community survey and doing a final work-up in the screen-positives and a proportion of screen-negatives. 3,4 The authors developed and validated a tool—the Lucknow Neurological Screen—to address the 9- to 15-year age group and used this tool in a field survey to assess the burden of neurological disorders in the community and its risk factors in rural and urban Lucknow district in northern India. This estimate would help public health initiatives to effectively manage these disorders.…”

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confidence: 99%

Survey of Neurological Disorders in Children Aged 9-15 Years in Northern India

et al. 2015

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The prevalence of neurological disorders in resource-poor settings, although likely to be high, is largely unexplored. The prevalence and risk factors for neurological disorders, including epilepsy and intellectual, motor, vision, and hearing deficits, in children aged 9 to 15 years in the community were investigated. A new instrument was developed, validated, and used in a 2-stage community survey for neurological disorders in Lucknow, India. Screen-positives and random proportion of screen-negatives were validated using predefined criteria. Prevalence of different neurological disorders was calculated by weighted proportions. Of 6431 children screened, 221 were positive. A total of 214 screen-positives and 251 screen-negatives were validated. Prevalence of neurological disorders was 31.3 per 1000 children of this age group (weighted 95% confidence interval = 16.5, 46.4). The final model for risk factors included age, mud house, delayed cry at birth, and previous head injury. The prevalence of neurological disorders is high in this region. Predictors of neurological disorders are largely modifiable.

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Hospital and Community Validation of a Screening Instrument for Detection of Neurodisability in Indian Children Aged 6 Months to 2 Years

Cited by 2 publications

References 22 publications

Prevalence and risk factors for neurological disorders in children aged 6 months to 2 years in northern India

Prevalence and risk factors for neurological disorders in children aged 6 months to 2 years in northern India

Survey of Neurological Disorders in Children Aged 9-15 Years in Northern India

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