Hospital‐based surveillance for Lassa fever in Edo State, Nigeria, 2005–2008

Ehichioya, Deborah; Asogun, Danny; Ehimuan, Jacqueline; Okokhere, Peter O; Pahlmann, Meike; Ölschläger, Stephan; Becker-Ziaja, Beate; Günther, Stephan; Omilabu, S.A.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3156.2012.03010.x

Cited by 48 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Our results are very similar to the study by Ehichioya et al that found fever, abdominal pain, headache and sore throat to be present in more than 40% of patients (18). Nevertheless, fever was recorded in 100% of their cohorts whereas we found 73% in our cohorts.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Lassa Fever 2016 Outbreak in Plateau State, Nigeria—The Changing Epidemiology and Clinical Presentation

Shehu

Gomerep

Isa

et al. 2018

Front. Public Health

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Lassa fever (LF) outbreaks in Nigeria mostly occur in rural areas and during the dry season, peaking between December through February. Fever is a cardinal presenting feature among the myriad manifestations of LF. Thirty four patients with clinical diagnosis of LF were analyzed. However, only 11 (32%) LASV infections were confirmed by RT-PCR. The 2016 LF outbreak showed a preferential urban occurrence and a high case fatality. Fever (≥38°C) was not detected in over a fourth of the patients at the time of examination. Bleeding diathesis was the most common presentation while abdominal pain and headache were present in more than half of the confirmed cases. Changes in the geographical distribution and clinical presentation may have implications for disease control efforts and the risk of transmission, both locally and internationally. In order to guide interventions, public health authorities should be aware that the epidemic patterns may be changing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Lassa Fever 2016 Outbreak in Plateau State, Nigeria—The Changing Epidemiology and Clinical Presentation

Shehu

Gomerep

Isa

et al. 2018

Front. Public Health

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“…Irrua is the headquarters of Esan-Central Local Government Area (LGA), Edo State, one of the local government areas with the highest prevalence of LVD in Nigeria [32]. The Research and Ethics Committee of ISTH approved the study, and written informed consent was obtained from the parents/guardians of the children involved in the study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Lassa Virus Disease (LVD) in Nigerian children with fever or fever and convulsions in an endemic area

et al. 2017

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BackgroundConvulsions with fever in children are a common neurologic emergency in the tropics, and determining the contribution of endemic viral infections can be challenging. In particular, there is a dearth of data on the prevalence and clinical differentiation of Lassa virus disease (LVD) in febrile children in endemic areas of Nigeria, which has multiple lineages of the virus. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and presentation of LVD in febrile children with and without convulsions.Methodology/Principal findingsThis was a prospective study of consecutive febrile children aged ≥1 month– 15 years admitted to the Children’s Emergency Room of Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital over a period of 1 year. Febrile children with convulsions (Cases) were compared with those without convulsions (Controls). LVD was defined by the presence of a positive Lassa virus RT-PCR test. Rates were compared between groups using χ2 or Fisher’s exact tests and p <0.05 taken as significant. 373 (40.9%) of 913 admissions had fever. Of these, 108/373 (29%) presented with convulsions. The overall prevalence of LVD was 13/373 (3.5%; 95% CI = 1.9%, 5.7%) in febrile admissions, 3/108 (2.8%) in Cases and 10/265 (3.8%) in Controls [(Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) (OR (95% CI)) of LVD in Cases versus Controls = 0.73 (0.2, 2.7)]. Only vomiting (OR (95% CI) = 0.09 (0.01, 0.70)) and bleeding (OR (95% CI) = 39.56 (8.52, 183.7)) were significantly associated with an increased prevalence of LVD.Conclusions/SignificanceLVD is an important cause of fever, including undifferentiated fever in children in endemic areas, but it is not significantly associated with convulsions associated with fever. Its prevalence, and lack of clinical differentiation on presentation, underscores the importance of a high index of suspicion in diagnosis. Screening of febrile children with undifferentiated fever in endemic areas for LVD could be an important medical and public health control measure.

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“…In Edo State, Nigeria, where the rodent reservoir is endemic [7], Lassa fever is an important disease of public health concern, and outbreaks occur yearly [4, 8, 9]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aseptic Meningitis Caused by Lassa Virus: Case Series Report

Okokhere

Bankole

Iruolagbe

et al. 2016

Case Reports in Neurological Medicine

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The Lassa virus is known to cause disease in different organ systems of the human body, with varying clinical manifestations. The features of severe clinical disease may include bleeding and/or central nervous system manifestations. Whereas Lassa fever encephalopathy and encephalitis are well described in the literature, there is paucity of data on Lassa virus meningitis. We present the clinical description, laboratory diagnosis, and management of 4 consecutive cases of aseptic meningitis associated with Lassa virus infection without bleeding seen in a region of Nigeria known to be endemic for both the reservoir rodent and Lassa fever. The 4 patients recovered fully following intravenous ribavirin treatment and suffered no neurologic complications.

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Hospital‐based surveillance for Lassa fever in Edo State, Nigeria, 2005–2008

Cited by 48 publications

References 9 publications

Lassa Fever 2016 Outbreak in Plateau State, Nigeria—The Changing Epidemiology and Clinical Presentation

Lassa Fever 2016 Outbreak in Plateau State, Nigeria—The Changing Epidemiology and Clinical Presentation

Prevalence of Lassa Virus Disease (LVD) in Nigerian children with fever or fever and convulsions in an endemic area

Aseptic Meningitis Caused by Lassa Virus: Case Series Report

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