Hospital Epidemiology of Acinetobacter Infection

Noble, W. C.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-3553-3_4

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Clinical strains are often lipolytic, causing severe nosocomial infections in neonates and immunocompromised patients [24,33,63]. The lipase activity, exopolysaccharide production, and cell surface hydrophobicity of hospital isolates may play an important role in their virulence [4,32].…”

Section: Occurrence Of Lipolytic Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The genus is best known for its capacity for bioremediation of alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons, as well as production of high molecular weight heteropolysaccharides that act as powerful emulsifiers, many with high commercial potential [41,62,69]. Acinetobacter strains have also been identified as causative agents of nosocomial infections [63]. They are easily isolated and many of them have been found to secrete esterolytic enzymes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acinetobacter lipases: molecular biology, biochemical properties and biotechnological potential

Snellman

Colwell

2004

J IND MICROBIOL BIOTECHNOL

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Lipases (EC 3.1.1.3) have received increased attention recently, evidenced by the increasing amount of information about lipases in the current literature. The renewed interest in this enzyme class is due primarily to investigations of their role in pathogenesis and their increasing use in biotechnological applications. Also, many microbial lipases are available as commercial products, the majority of which are used in detergents, cosmetic production, food flavoring, and organic synthesis. Lipases are valued biocatalysts because they act under mild conditions, are highly stable in organic solvents, show broad substrate specificity, and usually show high regio- and/or stereo-selectivity in catalysis. A number of lipolytic strains of Acinetobacter have been isolated from a variety of sources and their lipases possess many biochemical properties similar to those that have been developed for biotechnological applications. This review discusses the biology of lipase expression in Acinetobacter, with emphasis on those aspects relevant to potential biotechnology applications.

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Section: Occurrence Of Lipolytic Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acinetobacter lipases: molecular biology, biochemical properties and biotechnological potential

Snellman

Colwell

2004

J IND MICROBIOL BIOTECHNOL

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“…Acinetobacter baumannii is the predominant species associated with outbreaks of nosocomial infections (3). This opportunistic microorganism may cause epidemic pneumonia, urinary tract infections, septicemia, and meningitis (24). Few antibiotics are effective for the treatment of Acinetobacter infections because of the numerous mechanisms of resistance accumulated by isolates of this bacterial genus and the frequency of multidrug-resistant strains.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division-Type Efflux Pump Involved in Aminoglycoside Resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii Strain BM4454

Magnet

Courvalin

Lambert

2001

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

523

453

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Multidrug-resistant strain Acinetobacter baumannii BM4454 was isolated from a patient with a urinary tract infection. The adeB gene, which encodes a resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) protein, was detected in this strain by PCR with two degenerate oligodeoxynucleotides. Insertional inactivation of adeB in BM4454, which generated BM4454-1, showed that the corresponding protein was responsible for aminoglycoside resistance and was involved in the level of susceptibility to other drugs including fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, trimethoprim, and ethidium bromide. Study of ethidium bromide accumulation in BM4454 and BM4454-1, in the presence or in the absence of carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, demonstrated that AdeB was responsible for the decrease in intracellular ethidium bromide levels in a proton motive force-dependent manner. The adeB gene was part of a cluster that included adeA and adeC which encodes proteins homologous to membrane fusion and outer membrane proteins of RND-type three-component efflux systems, respectively. The products of two upstream open reading frames encoding a putative twocomponent regulatory system might be involved in the regulation of expression of the adeABC gene cluster.

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“…Members of the genus Acinetobacter are ubiquitous in nature, and these organisms are able to utilize a wide variety of carbon sources (41). Certain Acinetobacter species are well known for their clinical importance as opportunistic pathogens (16,28,42), while others have been considered to be of applied interest and potential industrial importance (11). One hydrocarbon-degrading species, Acinetobacter Iwoffli RAG-1 (32), produces an amphipathic, polyanionic extracellular bioemulsifier, called emulsan, which stabilizes oil-in-water emulsions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation, characterization, and sequence analysis of cryptic plasmids from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and their use in the construction of Escherichia coli shuttle plasmids

Minas

Gutnick

1993

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Three cryptic plasmids have been discovered in Acinetobacter calcoaceticus BD413. These three plasmids, designated pWM10 (7.4 kb), pWMll (2.4 kb), and pWM12 (2.2 kb), exhibited extensive homology to one another, as shown by Southern blot hybridization and restriction site analysis data, and also hybridized with three plasmids having slightly different sizes detected in a second strain, A. calcoaceticus BD4. Plasmid pWM11 and a fragment of pWM10 were each subcloned into pUC19, yielding plasmids pWM4 and pWM6, respectively, and were used in a series of interand intraspecies transformation experiments. Both plasmids replicated as high-copy-number plasmids in A. calcoaceticus BD413, as well as in strains of Escherichia coli. However, when transformed into the oil-degrading strain Acinetobacter lwoffli RAG-1, both plasmids were maintained at low copy numbers. No modification of the plasmids was detected after repeated transfers between hosts. An analysis of a series of deletions demonstrated that (i) a 185-bp fragment of pWMll was sufficient to permit replication of the shuttle plasmid in A. calcoaceticus BD413, (ii) the efficiency of transformation of A. cakoaeticus BD413 decreased according to the size of the deletion in the insert by up to 4 orders of magnitude, and (iii) the entire insert was required for transformation and replication in A. lwoffli RAG-1. The sequence of pWMil contained several small (150to 300-bp) open reading frames, none of which exhibited any homology to known DNA or protein sequences. In addition, a number of inverted and direct repeats, as well as six copies of the consensus sequence AAAAAAATA previously described for a cryptic plasmid from A.

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Hospital Epidemiology of Acinetobacter Infection

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

Acinetobacter lipases: molecular biology, biochemical properties and biotechnological potential

Acinetobacter lipases: molecular biology, biochemical properties and biotechnological potential

Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division-Type Efflux Pump Involved in Aminoglycoside Resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii Strain BM4454

Isolation, characterization, and sequence analysis of cryptic plasmids from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and their use in the construction of Escherichia coli shuttle plasmids

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