“…Clinical librarians are underemployed in hospitals due to a lack of institutional roles (Beschnett & Bulger, 2013;Butson & Pauly, 2013;Cooper & Crum, 2013) Inadequate direction and management authority (Phillips & Bonsteel, 2010;Aldrich & Schulte, 2014;Bayrer et al, 2014;McDonald et al, 2014;Perrier et al, 2014) Financial and budget issues (Aldrich & Schulte, 2014;Bayrer et al, 2014;McDonald et al, 2014;Perrier et al, 2014) Lack of sustainability and success of clinical library programs (Aldrich & Schulte, 2014;Bayrer et al, 2014;MacDonald et al, 2014;Perrier et al, 2014) 04 Technological Scarcity of computer hardware and software (Aldrich & Schulte, 2014;Bayrer et al, 2014;McDonald et al, 2014;Perrier et al, 2014) The dearth of evidence-based databasesand access to evidence-based databases (MLA, 2005;Beschnett & Bulger, 2013;Butson & Pauly, 2013;Cooper & Crum, 2013;Cruse & Protzko, 2014;Aldrich & Schulte, 2014;Bayrer et al, 159 No. Barriers/challenges for CMLs involvement Examples 2014; McDonald et al, 2014;Perrier et al, 2014;Murphy & Boden, 2015;Dilhani et al, 2020;Bass et al, 2020;Hackstadt, 2020;Hinrichs et al, 2020;McLaughlin, 2020;Tahmasebi et al, 2020) Slow Internet connectivity…”