Hospitalization Burden Among Individuals with Autism

Lokhandwala, Tasneem; Khanna, Rahul; West-Strum, Donna

doi:10.1007/s10803-011-1217-x

Cited by 79 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Around one-third of ED visits among adults with ASD led to an inpatient admission as compared to one-tenth of adults without ASD. This indicates that higher ED use among adults with ASD may also lead to greater hospitalization rates which is associated with high hospitalization costs (Lokhandwala et al 2012). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency Department Use Among Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)

Vohra

Madhavan

Sambamoorthi

2016

J Autism Dev Disord

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A cross-sectional analyses using Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (2006-2011) was conducted to examine the trends, type of ED visits, and mean total ED charges for adults aged 22-64 years with and without ASD (matched 1:3). Around 0.4% ED visits (n = 25,527) were associated with any ASD and rates of such visits more than doubled from 2006 to 2011 (2,549 to 6,087 per 100,000 admissions). Adults with ASD visited ED for: primary psychiatric disorder (15%ASD vs. 4.2%noASD), primary non-psychiatric disorder (16%ASD vs. 14%noASD), and any injury (24%ASD vs. 28%noASD). Mean total ED charges for adults with ASD were 2.3 times higher than adults without ASD. Findings emphasize the need to examine the extent of frequent ED use in this population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency Department Use Among Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)

Vohra

Madhavan

Sambamoorthi

2016

J Autism Dev Disord

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“…We also showed that the independent effect of preterm birth on hospitalisation rates after 1 year of age is both an increase in frequency and earlier median age at hospitalisation, and this is consistent across all case groups. Recent studies in the USA 17 and Denmark 22 have investigated the hospitalisation burden for children with autism, and found that individuals with autism had significantly higher lengths of stay and that costs were considerably more than for those without autism. The Danish study also found that children with ASD had an increased rate of contact with the hospital, regardless of the cause of their hospital admission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 Therefore, it is not surprising that children with ASD also often experience medical conditions such as epilepsy, bowel dysfunction and autoimmune disorders 16 and that their burden of hospitalisation is considered to be high. 17 Differences in healthcare policies and pathways of care may impact on hospitalisation rates and service use for children with developmental disorders over time. 8 18 For example, a recent Canadian study using administrative data 19 found that those with intellectual or developmental disabilities were more likely than those without to use emergency department services.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitations Of This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hospitalisation rates for children with intellectual disability or autism born in Western Australia 1983–1999: a population-based cohort study

et al. 2013

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ObjectivesTo describe the hospitalisation patterns in children with intellectual disability (ID) and/or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) after the first year of life and compare with those unaffected.DesignProspective cohort study using data linkage between health, ID and hospitalisation population-based datasets.SettingWestern Australia.Participants416 611 individuals born between 1983 and 1999 involving 1 027 962 hospital admission records. Five case categories were defined (mild/moderate ID, severe ID, biomedically caused ID, ASD with ID and ASD without ID) and compared with the remainder of children and young people.Primary and secondary outcome measuresTime to event analysis was used to compare time hospitalisation and rate of hospitalisation between the different case-groups by estimating HR, accounting for birth year and preterm birth status.ResultsID and/or ASD were found to be associated with an increased risk of hospitalisation compared with the remainder of the population. The increase in risk was highest in those with severe ID and no ASD (HR=10.33, 95% CI 8.66 to 12.31). For those with ID of known biomedical cause or mild ID of unknown cause, the risk of hospitalisation was lower (HR=7.36, 95% CI 6.73 to 8.07 and HR=3.08, 95% CI 2.78 to 3.40, respectively). Those with ASDs had slightly increased risk (HR=2.82, 95% CI 2.26 to 3.50 for those with ID and HR=2.09, 95% CI 1.85 to 2.36 for those without ID).ConclusionsChildren with an ID or ASD experience an increased risk of hospitalisation after the first year of life which varied from 2 to 10 times that of the rest of the population. Findings can inform service planning or resource allocation for these children with special needs.

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“…For certain complex medical conditions, such as cystic fibrosis, diabetes, and sickle cell disease, children with physical illness and a comorbid mental health condition have higher hospital utilization than children with no mental health condition. 8 -11 In addition, children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) 12 -15 depression 16 or autism 17,18 have higher rates of hospitalizations and health care costs compared with children without these mental health conditions. Nevertheless, little is known about the epidemiology of co-occurring mental health conditions in pediatric medical and surgical hospitalizations and how comorbid mental health conditions may affect hospital resource utilization.…”

Section: What This Study Addsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Health Conditions and Medical and Surgical Hospital Utilization

et al. 2016

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OBJECTIVE: Mental health conditions are prevalent among children hospitalized for medical conditions and surgical procedures, but little is known about their influence on hospital resource use. The objectives of this study were to examine how hospitalization characteristics vary by presence of a comorbid mental health condition and estimate the association of a comorbid mental health condition with hospital length of stay (LOS) and costs. METHODS:Using the 2012 Kids' Inpatient Database, we conducted a retrospective, nationally representative, cross-sectional study of 670 161 hospitalizations for 10 common medical and 10 common surgical conditions among 3-to 20-year-old patients. Associations between mental health conditions and hospital LOS were examined using adjusted generalized linear models. Costs of additional hospital days associated with mental health conditions were estimated using hospital cost-to-charge ratios. RESULTS:A comorbid mental health condition was present in 13.2% of hospitalizations. A comorbid mental health condition was associated with a LOS increase of 8.8% (from 2.5 to 2.7 days, P < .001) for medical hospitalizations and a 16.9% increase (from 3.6 to 4.2 days, P < .001) for surgical hospitalizations. For hospitalizations in this sample, comorbid mental health conditions were associated with an additional 31 729 (95% confidence interval: 29 085 to 33 492) hospital days and $90 million (95% confidence interval: $81 to $101 million) in hospital costs. CONCLUSIONS:Medical and surgical hospitalizations with comorbid mental health conditions were associated with longer hospital stay and higher hospital costs. Knowledge about the influence of mental health conditions on pediatric hospital utilization can inform clinical innovation and case-mix adjustment.

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Hospitalization Burden Among Individuals with Autism

Cited by 79 publications

References 15 publications

Emergency Department Use Among Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)

Emergency Department Use Among Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)

Hospitalisation rates for children with intellectual disability or autism born in Western Australia 1983–1999: a population-based cohort study

Mental Health Conditions and Medical and Surgical Hospital Utilization

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