Host- and pathogen-dependent susceptibility and predisposition to dermatophytosis

Gnat, Sebastian; Nowakiewicz, Aneta; Łagowski, Dominik; Zięba, Przemysław

doi:10.1099/jmm.0.000982

Cited by 63 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…An alarming trend of recalcitrant dermatophyte infections in Europe has been noted recently, which may be related to inadequate or discontinued treatment, difficulties in eliminating predisposing factors in hosts or infection sources, and frequent reinfections . In scientific literature, there are not many data available regarding drug resistance in dermatophytes, but it is suggested that the resistance is on the rise .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dermatophytes are a group of filamentous fungi that have an ability to invade keratinised structures, such as superficial cornified skin layers, hair and nails . Tinea and dermatophytosis are medical terms for superficial infection in animals and humans caused by these fungi . Although the infection is not life threatening, it may lead to local allergic reactions like pruritus, erythema and pustular lesions .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although transmissions onto a human by a zoophilic species cause acute mycoses with strongly expressed symptoms of inflammatory response, dermatophytosis spread by zoophilic agents often responds very well to antifungal drugs . Nevertheless, frequent treatment failures and side effects have been reported in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy, affected by diabetes mellitus, or those with inherited caspase recruitment domain family member 9 (CARD9) deficiency …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11][12][13] Only, exceptional circumstances can predispose animals to symptomatic infection, that is stress, wrong diet, poor environmental conditions, age and genetic predispositions. 3,4 Furthermore, humans are usually infected from infected animals, also asymptomatic carriers, through direct contact or indirectly via fungus-bearing hair and scales. 11,[13][14][15] Although transmissions onto a human by a zoophilic species cause acute mycoses with strongly expressed symptoms of inflammatory response, 2,16 dermatophytosis spread by zoophilic agents often responds very well to antifungal drugs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17,18 Nevertheless, frequent treatment failures and side effects have been reported in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy, affected by diabetes mellitus, or those with inherited caspase recruitment domain family member 9 (CARD9) deficiency. 3,19 Dermatophytosis can be treated with topical application as well as systemic administration of antifungal drugs. 18,20,21 Combination therapy with topical and systemic antifungal drugs is also prescribed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of in vitro activities of 11 antifungal agents against Trichophyton verrucosum isolates associated with a variety hosts and geographical origin

Łagowski

Gnat

Nowakiewicz

et al. 2019

Mycoses

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Summary The high prevalence of dermatophytosis in animals is usually associated with extra expenditure on prevention, diagnosis and long‐term treatment. Humans are usually infected from animals, also from asymptomatic carriers, through direct contact or indirectly via fungus‐bearing hair, scales and fomites. Despite the medical importance of Trichophyton verrucosum infections, there are limited in vitro data on the fungal susceptibility to antifungal drugs, including new‐generation triazoles, imidazoles and allyloamines. The aim of the current study was to evaluate comprehensively the in vitro activity of 11 antifungal drugs against a large collection of T. verrucosum isolates obtained in Poland, Latvia, Lithuania and Slovakia from humans and animals using a microdilution assay. In vitro susceptibility testing of 11 antifungal drugs was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) document M38. The MICs of clotrimazole, ciclopirox, enilconazole, miconazole, naftifine and terbinafine against all T. verrucosum isolates were below 1 μg/mL, whereas those of fluconazole, griseofulvin, itraconazole, ketoconazole and voriconazole were above 1 μg/mL. Ciclopirox was demonstrated to have superior activity against all strains in comparison with the other drugs, whereas fluconazole exerted the weakest in vitro effect and exhibited the highest MIC values. Our study has shown that drugs of different chemical origin have satisfactory antifungal activity and can be promising candidates for the treatment of T. verrucosum dermatophytosis. Moreover, no significant disparity in drug sensitivity between isolates obtained from different hosts and geographical regions have been demonstrated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of in vitro activities of 11 antifungal agents against Trichophyton verrucosum isolates associated with a variety hosts and geographical origin

Łagowski

Gnat

Nowakiewicz

et al. 2019

Mycoses

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Onset of Skin, Gut, and Genitourinary Prodromal Parkinson's Disease: A Study of 1.5 Million Veterans

et al. 2021

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Background Prodromal Parkinson's disease of skin, genitourinary, and gastrointestinal systems offers a unique window for understanding early disease pathogenesis and developing disease modifying treatments. However, prior studies are limited by incomplete timing information, small sample size, and lack of adjustment for known confounders. Verifying prodromal timing and identifying new disorders in these accessible organs is critically important given their broad use. Objective We aimed to measure onset timing for gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and skin disorders in a large, nationwide clinically characterized cohort of 1.5 million participants. Methods Patients with Parkinson's disease (n = 303,693) were identified using diagnostic codes in the medical records database of the United States Veterans Affairs healthcare system and were compared 4:1 with matched controls. Disorder prevalence and estimated onset times were assessed for 20 years preceding diagnosis. Results The earliest significantly increased prodromal disorders were gastroesophageal reflux, sexual dysfunction, and esophageal dyskinesia at 17, 16, and 15 years before diagnosis. Estimated onset times for each disorder occurred 5.5 ± 3.4 years before the first measured increase. The earliest estimated onset times were smell/taste, upper gastrointestinal tract, and sexual dysfunction at 20.9, 20.6, and 20.1 years before diagnosis. Onset times for constipation and urinary dysfunction were notably longer by 7 and 9 years compared to prior studies in sleep disorder patients. Dermatophytosis and prostatic hypertrophy were identified as new high prevalence prodromal disorders. Conclusions Gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and skin disorders manifest decades before diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, reiterating their potential as sites for developing early diagnostic testing and understanding pathogenesis.

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Dermatophyte Infections

Howell,

Abdolrasouli

2024

Updates in Clinical Dermatology

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Host- and pathogen-dependent susceptibility and predisposition to dermatophytosis

Cited by 63 publications

References 154 publications

Comparison of in vitro activities of 11 antifungal agents against Trichophyton verrucosum isolates associated with a variety hosts and geographical origin

Comparison of in vitro activities of 11 antifungal agents against Trichophyton verrucosum isolates associated with a variety hosts and geographical origin

Onset of Skin, Gut, and Genitourinary Prodromal Parkinson's Disease: A Study of 1.5 Million Veterans

Dermatophyte Infections

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