Host attractants for the banana stem borer, Odioporus longicollis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): identification, electrophysiological activity and behavioural bioassay

Abstract

Steam volatiles ol'freqj~ly cut hanana stem were analyzed lly comhined. gas c b r o m a t o~~a p l~y-electroai~l;enno~apl~ic detection (GC-EAD) ailtl comhined gas cl~i~c~matograplly-niass spect~.ometry (GC-MS) to iclentifi n-hexan.ol, n-hcxanal, n-pentanol and cis-3-hexc?nol as host attractants for the banana stem borer, Cldotl~oi~c~s loir,qicollis. .Idcnlities of t h e ahovc compounds were confirmed 1,y comparalivc studies with aulhcntics. Female weevils responded sligl~tly mo1.c (:EAG 1.41k !).()I) t1:han male weevils (EAG 1.04 f 0.03) to tho steam distillate. Synthel;ic eclu~.valents of the ahove aktractant,~, were sul?iect;ed to EAG assay and 11-hexan0l elicitcd the l~iglicst EAG lesponse (0.39 k 0.02 mV)'in Ihc antelma clt' tllis weevil. The other synthetic at.Lractants, 11-hexanal, n-pentanol and cis-3-hexello1 elicited EAG responses in t.ba fi~llowing order; 0.15 mV, 0.10 mV, 0.0t) niV. Aniix(;u~.c ofthe ahovc synL11etic attraclants (SAM) also elicited a poor EAG response (0.2 nlV) in. O.loii,gicolli,<. In lield ,xpcljments n-hexanol singly o]..,in comhiuation with the agglogation phcromone o.TO, lorrgicollls Cailcd tc.) attract any weevils into traps. The synthetic nttractanl; mnix(;lli~e (SAM) also was not field nt.tractive while it,s combination wit11 lhe aggregation pl1er1)nlone of 0. loitgicollis was attractive wit,h a maximum rrleail catch of' ().(Xi k 0.21 weevils ILrapIweek. Undei the same contlitions, Ilowcvc~; thepest's known atlraclant system, the aggregation phcromone + banana stem tissue haited trap, 11ad a maximum mean catch of 29.16 + 7.02 weevils1 traplweek.

Volatile constituents of tea stems (Camellia sinensis L.O. Kuntze) as semiochemicals to attract low country live wood termite (Glyptotermes dilatatus Bugnion & Popoff), in Sri Lanka

“…Dried extracts were transferred into pre weighed clean vials (2 mL) and the remaining solvent was removed under a stream of nitrogen. Dried extracts were stored in the refrigerator at 5 o C in glass vials until use for olfactometer bioassays and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis (Gunawardana & Dissanayake, 2000).…”

“…It has been reported that volatile compounds produced by the host plant coconut attracts the red weevil (Rynchophorus ferrugineus), and this strategy is now employed in combination with the aggregation pheromone of red weevil as an alternative, eco-friendly method to control red weevil of coconut plantations in Sri Lanka (Gunawardana & Swarnakanthi, 1995). Gunawardana and Dissanayake (2000) reported the isolation of volatiles, n-hexanal, n-hexanol, n-pentanol and cis-3-hexanol from the steam distillate of banana stems and investigated the synergistic effect of these compounds when blended with the pheromone. A trap has been developed to control the banana weevil Odoiporus longicollis.…”

Rhynchophorus ferrugineus

“…(1999) have reported on the use of the aggregation pheromones Ferrolure and Ferrolure+. Gunawardena et al . (1998) identified host attractants for the weevil from freshly cut coconut bark and found that a 1:1 mixture of gamma nonanoic lactone 1 and 4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxystyrene 2 were responsible.…”

Field Evaluation to the attraction efficiency for the different sources of the red palm weevil aggregation pheromone

“…The destructiveness of this weevil is abetted by several traditional farming practices, including the removal of leaves during harvesting or pruning of offshoots, which causes incidental injuries to trees. Injured trees release highly volatile compounds (kairomones) that attract male weevils (Gunawardena et al 1998). Upon their arrival, males produce aggregation pheromones that attract both sexes, and the females begin laying eggs in soft or injured areas on the lower trunk of the tree.…”