Host Defense in Blunt Trauma: Interrelationships of Kinetics of Anergy and Depressed Neutrophil Function, Nutritional Status, and Sepsis

Christou, N. V.; McLean, A. Peter H.; Meakins, Jonathan L.

doi:10.1097/00005373-198010000-00003

Cited by 96 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…In addition, reduced delayed-type hypersensitivity to a panel of recall antigens during short duration (4-to 10-day) space missions was reported by Taylor and Janney [8]. The hypothesis that stress hormones play a role in postflight immunological findings (neutrophilia, lymphopenia, reduced T cell blastogenesis) is consistent with observations that adrenergic and corticosteroid receptors are present on both lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) [9,10]. Although previous studies have investigated the role of the multiple stresses of spaceflight on postflight lymphocyte alterations [11,12], little information exists on the effects of spaceflight on neutrophil maturation, morphology, function, and phenotype.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Leukocyte subsets and neutrophil function after short-term spaceflight

Stowe

Sams

Mehta³

et al. 1999

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

137

102

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Changes in leukocyte subpopulations and function after spaceflight have been observed but the mechanisms underlying these changes are not well defined. This study investigated the effects of short-term spaceflight (8-15 days) on circulating leukocyte subsets, stress hormones, immunoglobulin levels, and neutrophil function. At landing, a 1.5-fold increase in neutrophils was observed compared with preflight values; lymphocytes were slightly decreased, whereas the results were variable for monocytes. No significant changes were observed in plasma levels of immunoglobulins, cortisol, or adrenocorticotropic hormone. In contrast, urinary epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol were significantly elevated at landing. Band neutrophils were observed in 9 of 16 astronauts. Neutrophil chemotactic assays showed a 10-fold decrease in the optimal dose response after landing. Neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells was increased both before and after spaceflight. At landing, the expression of MAC-1 was significantly decreased while L-selectin was significantly increased. These functional alterations may be of clinical significance on long-duration space missions. J. Leukoc. Biol. 65: 179-186; 1999.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Leukocyte subsets and neutrophil function after short-term spaceflight

Stowe

Sams

Mehta³

et al. 1999

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

137

102

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“…Taylor and Dardano (1983) and Stowe et al (1999) suggested that the different stressors that affect the astronauts may play a much bigger role in immunological changes than the influence of microgravity. The fact that adrenergic and corticosteroid receptors are located on the cell surface of lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear neutrophils supports the hypothesis that stress hormones play an important role in creating the immunological picture that higher vertebrates showed after space flights like neutrophilia, lymphopenia and reduced T-cell blastogenesis (Christou et al, 1980;Besedowsky et al, 1983).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Influence of space flight conditions on phenotypes and function of nephritic immune cells of swordtail fish (Xiphophorus helleri)

Piepenbreier¹,

Renn²,

Fischer³

et al. 2006

Advances in Space Research

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“…Impaired skin test responses and depressed neutrophil chemotaxis were found in a study of trauma patients [21,28]. The anergic patients had a significantly higher rate of sepsis and death than those with normal responses.…”

Section: ~Aumamentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting surgical infection before the operation

et al. 1980

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To date, simple skin testing using recall antigens has proven to be the most accurate method of assessing preoperative risk for serious infectious complications. When used in conjunction with measures to control the microorganisms and the environment, evaluation of host defense mechanisms with skin testing can aid in reducing postoperative infectious morbidity and mortality.There are 3 possible therapeutic approaches to anergie patients. Surgery and specific nonsurgical treatments (restoration of blood volume, red cell mass, antibiotics), total parenteral nutrition, and immunorestoration. The challenge for the future is to develop the criteria that will indicate the most important defects which account for the anergic state in individual patients.

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Host Defense in Blunt Trauma: Interrelationships of Kinetics of Anergy and Depressed Neutrophil Function, Nutritional Status, and Sepsis

Cited by 96 publications

References 0 publications

Leukocyte subsets and neutrophil function after short-term spaceflight

Leukocyte subsets and neutrophil function after short-term spaceflight

Influence of space flight conditions on phenotypes and function of nephritic immune cells of swordtail fish (Xiphophorus helleri)

Predicting surgical infection before the operation

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