Host–Microbial Interactions in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Molyneaux, Philip L.; Willis‐Owen, Saffron A.G.; Cox, Michael J.; James, Phillip; Cowman, Steven; Loebinger, Michael R.; Blanchard, Andy; Edwards, Lindsay M.; Stock, Carmel; Daccord, Cécile; Renzoni, Elisabetta A.; Wells, Adrian; Moffatt, Miriam F.; Cookson, William; Maher, Toby M.

doi:10.1164/rccm.201607-1408oc

Cited by 182 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Unfortunately, there were no healthy controls in this study, but loss of diversity in IPF compare to healthy control was reported in a previous paper [13]. Also, Molyneaux PL et al suggested that the bacterial communities of the lower airways act as persistent stimuli for repetitive alveolar injury [19]. Taken together, loss of diversity might have some impact on the pathogenesis of IPF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Impaired diversity of the lung microbiome predicts progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

et al. 2018

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Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most frequent and severe form of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Although IPF has not been thought to be associated with bacterial communities, recent papers reported the possible role of microbiome composition in IPF. The roles of microbiomes in respiratory functions and as clinical biomarkers for IPF remain unknown. In this study, we aim to identify the relationship between the microbial environment in the lung and clinical findings. Methods: Thirty-four subjects diagnosed with IPF were included in this analysis. The 16S rDNA was purified from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained at the time of diagnosis and analyzed using next-generation sequencing techniques to characterize the bacterial communities. Furthermore, microbiomes from mice with bleomycininduced lung fibrosis were analyzed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Impaired diversity of the lung microbiome predicts progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

et al. 2018

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“…Other authors have recently tried to take a step forward in the understanding of the pathogenesis of IPF by assessing the interaction between the host and lung microbiota [29,30]. MOLYNEAUX et al [25] performed a longitudinal evaluation of host gene expression in peripheral blood cells from 60 IPF patients and 20 controls, from their prior contribution, and explored the potential association with BAL microbiota collected at baseline [29].…”

Section: Ipf and Host-microbiota Interactions And Potential Effects mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MOLYNEAUX et al [25] performed a longitudinal evaluation of host gene expression in peripheral blood cells from 60 IPF patients and 20 controls, from their prior contribution, and explored the potential association with BAL microbiota collected at baseline [29]. In this preliminary study, the authors demonstrated that in IPF patients, when compared to controls, there were changes in the peripheral blood expression profile associated with the presence of an altered or more abundant microbiome.…”

Section: Ipf and Host-microbiota Interactions And Potential Effects mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term macrolides in diffuse interstitial lung diseases

Faverio¹,

Bini²,

Vaghi³

et al. 2017

Eur Respir Rev

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In the present review we provide currently available evidence for the use of macrolides in the treatment of diffuse interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). Up to now, research on macrolides has mainly focused on three areas. First, macrolides have shown some promising results in cellular models and case reports as antifibrotic agents, by promoting autophagy and clearance of intracellular protein aggregates and acting as regulators of surfactant homeostasis. Secondly, macrolides have an immunomodulatory effect, which has been applied in some organising pneumonia cases. In particular, macrolides have been tested in association with systemic corticosteroids as steroid-sparing agents and alone as either first-line agents in mild cases or second-line agents where steroids were poorly tolerated or had failed. Thirdly, a recent area of research concerns the possible role of macrolides as modulators of lung microbiota and the host-microbiota interaction. This function has been particularly studied in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients, in whom changes in microbiota have been proved to be associated with disease progression. However, the lack of high-quality studies makes the application of macrolide therapy in ILDs a field in which research should be conducted on a large scale.

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“…The study determined two operational taxonomic units (OTUs) associated with disease progression: Staphylococcus OTU 1348 and Streptococcus OTU 1345 [30]. This altered microbiome persists over time, which may implicate bacterial communities localised in the lower airways as persistent stimuli for repetitive alveolar injury in IPF [31]. IPF patients from the COMET cohort showed interactions between the host microbiome and progression-free survival [32].…”

Section: Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Systems medicine advances in interstitial lung disease

2017

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Fibrotic lung diseases involve subject-environment interactions, together with dysregulated homeostatic processes, impaired DNA repair and distorted immune functions. Systems medicine-based approaches are used to analyse diseases in a holistic manner, by integrating systems biology platforms along with clinical parameters, for the purpose of understanding disease origin, progression, exacerbation and remission.Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) refer to a heterogeneous group of complex fibrotic diseases. The increase of systems medicine-based approaches in the understanding of ILDs provides exceptional advantages by improving diagnostics, unravelling phenotypical differences, and stratifying patient populations by predictable outcomes and personalised treatments. This review discusses the state-of-the-art contributions of systems medicine-based approaches in ILDs over the past 5 years.

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Host–Microbial Interactions in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Cited by 182 publications

References 36 publications

Impaired diversity of the lung microbiome predicts progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Impaired diversity of the lung microbiome predicts progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Long-term macrolides in diffuse interstitial lung diseases

Systems medicine advances in interstitial lung disease

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