Host–Multi-Pathogen Warfare: Pathogen Interactions in Co-infected Plants

Abdullah, Araz S.; Moffat, Caroline S.; Lopez‐Ruiz, Francisco J.; Gibberd, Mark; Hamblin, John; Zerihun, Ayalsew

doi:10.3389/fpls.2017.01806

Cited by 188 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 111 publications

(136 reference statements)

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“…and P. pinodella , explain site‐specific resistance rankings and detected QTL. Abdullah et al () concluded that resistance capacities of pea cultivars against single pathogens, especially when determined under gnotobiotic conditions, have limited transferability to complex field conditions. To overcome such limitations, it is necessary to consider complex plant–microbe interactions and develop screening systems that account for multiple interactions among pathogens, beneficial microbes, and the host plant genotype.…”

Section: Complex Interactions Between Grain Legumes and Their Root‐asmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insights to plant–microbe interactions provide opportunities to improve resistance breeding against root diseases in grain legumes

Wille

Messmer

Studer

et al. 2018

Plant Cell & Environment

115

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Root and foot diseases severely impede grain legume cultivation worldwide. Breeding lines with resistance against individual pathogens exist, but these resistances are often overcome by the interaction of multiple pathogens in field situations. Novel tools allow to decipher plant-microbiome interactions in unprecedented detail and provide insights into resistance mechanisms that consider both simultaneous attacks of various pathogens and the interplay with beneficial microbes. Although it has become clear that plant-associated microbes play a key role in plant health, a systematic picture of how and to what extent plants can shape their own detrimental or beneficial microbiome remains to be drawn. There is increasing evidence for the existence of genetic variation in the regulation of plant-microbe interactions that can be exploited by plant breeders. We propose to consider the entire plant holobiont in resistance breeding strategies in order to unravel hidden parts of complex defence mechanisms. This review summarizes (a) the current knowledge of resistance against soil-borne pathogens in grain legumes, (b) evidence for genetic variation for rhizosphere-related traits, (c) the role of root exudation in microbe-mediated disease resistance and elaborates (d) how these traits can be incorporated in resistance breeding programmes.

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Section: Complex Interactions Between Grain Legumes and Their Root‐asmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and P. pinodella, explain site-specific resistance rankings and detected QTL. Abdullah et al (2017) concluded that resistance capacities of pea cultivars against single pathogens, especially when determined under gnotobiotic conditions, have limited transferability to complex field conditions.…”

Section: The Dilemma With Pathogen Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights to plant–microbe interactions provide opportunities to improve resistance breeding against root diseases in grain legumes

Wille

Messmer

Studer

et al. 2018

Plant Cell & Environment

115

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“…However, plant infections often involve multiple species and/or genotypes and exhibit complexities not captured in single host single disease systems. Here, pathogen interactions include: (i) Competition, in which competing pathogens develop physical barriers or utilize toxins to exclude competitors from resourcedense niches; (ii) Cooperation, whereby pathogens beneficially interact, by providing mutual biochemical signals essential for pathogenesis, or through functional complementation via the exchange of resources necessary for survival; (iii) Coexistence, whereby pathogens can stably coexist through niche specialization [31]. Furthermore, hosts are also able to, actively or passively; modulate niche competition through defense responses that target at least one pathogen [32,33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial and Fungal Pathogen Synergetics after Co-infection in the Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Dandve

Wagh

Bhagat

et al. 2019

BJI

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Wheat is one of the most important staple grains in the world and the leading source of calories, production is limited by biotic stress. There is a number of pathogen attacks on wheat crops, depending on environmental conditions. In some cases, more than one crop pathogen attack leads to higher damage or decrease susceptibility. There are very few studies in the field of multiple pathogen interactions; in this study, we analyzed the co-infectionof wheat with fungal and bacterial pathogens. Field isolated Xanthomonas translucens and Xanthomonas compestris bacteria have been used against GM-322 and PDKV varieties co-infected with Fusarium fungus spp. In our experiment, we used Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium equitus. Compared to the combined effect of the fungus and bacteria, we measured the length and width of the infected Dandve et al.; BJI, 23(4): 1-9, 2019; Article no.BJI.52994 2 leaf part. We have observed that there is more susceptibility to X. compestris and F. graminearium in the GM-322 wheat variety. The second susceptible cvs was PDKV when we co-infected F. oxysporum and then X. translucens fungal and bacterial infected symptom analysis showed yellow stripes on the leaf surface of the wheat crop. We observed head blight in wheat when it was infected with F. graminearum and X. compestris. As a result, we concluded that varietal susceptibility also depends on co-infection pathogen attacks and their synergetic interaction. Original Research Article

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“…Plants were sampled for concentration of salicylic acid phytohormone at 4.5 h, 24 h, and 4 weeks after viral inoculation during two experimental replicates. Salicylic acid (SA) is known to be involved in plant responses to biotrophic pathogens such as viruses (Abdullah et al 2017). At the same time, exogenous SA has been shown to inhibit the initiation of rhizobia nodules (Sato et al 2002, Mabood andSmith 2007).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Context‐dependent interactions between pathogens and a mutualist affect pathogen fitness and mutualist benefits to hosts

Marchetto

Power

2018

Ecology

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Plants and animals host many microbial symbionts, including both pathogens and mutualists. However, most experimental studies include only one symbiont, and few examine interactions of more than two microbes with their host. Here, we examined whether coinfection with two pathogens causes a synergistic reduction in the benefits that hosts receive from a microbial mutualist. We also measured the effects of a microbial mutualist on the within‐ and between‐host competition between coinfecting pathogens. We manipulated the presence of Clover yellow vein virus (ClYVV), Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), rhizobia bacteria, and nitrogen fertilizer in common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). We found asymmetric, context‐dependent interactions among the three microbial symbionts and their host. Coinfection with both viruses led to greater than additive negative effects on the amount of nitrogen that plants received from rhizobia. Rhizobia colonization decreased immune signaling in singly infected plants, but not in coinfected plants. Compared to single ClYVV infection, ClYVV reached higher concentrations within hosts coinfected with BCMV, but only in the presence of rhizobia. Coinfection increased BCMV vertical transmission rates for plants without supplemental nitrogen, but overall vertical transmission opportunities were not affected due to reduced seed production. Examining interactions between multiple microbes sharing a host can reveal important insights about nutrient cycling, disease severity, and pathogen epidemiology.

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Host–Multi-Pathogen Warfare: Pathogen Interactions in Co-infected Plants

Cited by 188 publications

References 111 publications

Insights to plant–microbe interactions provide opportunities to improve resistance breeding against root diseases in grain legumes

Insights to plant–microbe interactions provide opportunities to improve resistance breeding against root diseases in grain legumes

Bacterial and Fungal Pathogen Synergetics after Co-infection in the Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Context‐dependent interactions between pathogens and a mutualist affect pathogen fitness and mutualist benefits to hosts

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