Host plant resistance and insect pest management in chickpea.

Sharma, H. C.; Gowda, C L L; Stevenson, Philip C.; Ridsdill-Smith, T. J.; Clement, Stephen L.; Rao, G Ranga; Romeis, Jörg; Miles, Morgan P.; El‐Bouhssini, M.

doi:10.1079/9781845932138.025

Cited by 48 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Chickpea genotypes with low to moderate levels of resistance to H. armigera have been identified earlier, but the expression of resistance varies with growth stage, seasons and locations (Sharma et al, 2007). Therefore, there is a need to augment host plant resistance with other methods of controlling H. armigera, including the use of biopesticides, natural plant products and synthetic insecticides (Sharma, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interaction between host plant resistance and biological activity of Bacillus thuringiensis in managing the pod borer Helicoverpa armigera in chickpea

2011

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The legume pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) has developed high levels of resistance to conventional insecticides, and therefore, efforts are being made to develop transgenic chickpea expressing toxin genes from the bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) for controlling this pest. However, there is an apprehension that acid exudates in chickpea might interfere with biological activity of Bt. Therefore, we studied the biological activity of Bt (Biolep R ) on four chickpea genotypes with different levels of resistance to H. armigera under field conditions, and by incorporating lyophilized lead and pod tissue into the artificial diet with and without Bt. The pH of the acid exudates varied from 2.1 to 2.90, and malic and oxalic acid were the major components of the acid exudates in different chickpea genotypes. There was no survival of H. armigera larvae in chickpea plants spayed with 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5% of Bt. There was a significant reduction in larval survival, larval and pupal weights and fecundity, and prolongation of larval and pupal periods in chickpea plots sprayed with Bt (0.05%) as compared to the unsprayed plants. Biological activity of Bt was lower on artificial diets with leaf or pod powder of chickpea genotypes, which might be because of a low intake of Bt toxins due to antifeedant effects of acid exudates in the chickpea or reduction in biological activity of Bt due to the interaction of biochemical constituents in chickpea with the Bt toxins. Larval survival, larval and pupal weights, pupation and adult emergence were significantly lower on diets with leaf or pod powder of the H.armigera-resistant genotypes than on the susceptible check. Chickpea genotypes with resistance to H.armigera acted in concert with Bt to cause adverse effects on the survival and development of this insect.The results suggested that development of transgenic chickpeas expressing toxin genes form Bt will be quite effective for controlling of the pod borer, H. armigera.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four chickpea genotypes with different levels of resistance to H. armigera (Sharma et al, 2007) (ICC were used to study the interaction of chickpea genotypes with Bt under field and laboratory conditions. ) was applied as a basal dressing before sowing.…”

Section: Test Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between host plant resistance and biological activity of Bacillus thuringiensis in managing the pod borer Helicoverpa armigera in chickpea

2011

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“…Currently, the application of chemical spray insecticides is the most common method of controlling this pest on crops, including cotton (7,22) and chickpea (44,46). H. armigera is known to develop resistance to almost all the insecticides used for its control (14,23).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Bacillus thuringiensis -Transgenic Chickpeas and the Entomopathogenic Fungus Metarhizium anisopliae in Controlling Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Lawo

Mahon

Milner

et al. 2008

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The use of genetically modified (Bt) crops expressing lepidopteran-specific Cry proteins derived from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis is an effective method to control the polyphagous pest Helicoverpa armigera. As H. armigera potentially develops resistance to Cry proteins, Bt crops should be regarded as one tool in integrated pest management. Therefore, they should be compatible with biological control. Bioassays were conducted to understand the interactions between a Cry2Aa-expressing chickpea line, either a susceptible or a Cry2A-resistant H. armigera strain, and the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. In a first concentration-response assay, Cry2A-resistant larvae were more tolerant of M. anisopliae than susceptible larvae, while in a second bioassay, the fungus caused similar mortalities in the two strains fed control chickpea leaves. Thus, resistance to Cry2A did not cause any fitness costs that became visible as increased susceptibility to the fungus. On Bt chickpea leaves, susceptible H. armigera larvae were more sensitive to M. anisopliae than on control leaves. It appeared that sublethal damage induced by the B. thuringiensis toxin enhanced the effectiveness of M. anisopliae. For Cry2A-resistant larvae, the mortalities caused by the fungus were similar when they were fed either food source. To examine which strain would be more likely to be exposed to the fungus, their movements on control and Bt chickpea plants were compared. Movement did not appear to differ among larvae on Bt or conventional chickpeas, as indicated by the number of leaflets damaged per leaf. The findings suggest that Bt chickpeas and M. anisopliae are compatible to control H. armigera.

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“…Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is important in the economy of Córdoba (Deromedis and Ochoa, 1974) and in recent years its production has expanded because of its export prospects (García Medina et al, 2007). One of the most important pests on this crop is the bollworm moth Helicoverpa gelotopoeon Dyar (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), widespread in South America (Sharma et al, 2007). This polyphagous species act as defoliators, eating preferably buds and tender stems, but also flowers, pods and seeds (Igarzábal et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifeedant and Toxic Effect of Crude Extract from <i>Flourensia oolepis</i> and their Impact on Nutritional Parameters of <i>Helicoverpa gelotopoeon</i>

Seminara¹,

Bollati²,

Ávalos³

et al. 2015

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

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Botanical insecticides are one of the environmentally acceptable options for pest management. Extract of Flourensia oolepis (known as chilca), a plant endemic to the province of Córdoba, Argentina, has shown insecticidal activity. The aim of this work was to study the effect of crude extract of this F. oolepis on the nutritional parameters of Helicoverpa gelotopoeon, a polyphagous species recently reported as one of the most serious pests of chickpea. Choice tests were conducted using different doses of extract (1 to 10%) and acetone (control), and no-choice tests, feeding larvae for 10 days with chickpea leaves treated with extract (1 to 5%), with controls (water and acetone). We used three third instar larvae per replica and 8 repetitions of each. The variables measured were: consumption, fresh and dry weight of larvae, of feces and of the leaves given every 48 hours. We calculated the feeding inhibition and nutrition indices, and survival. In choice bioassays using the 10% dose, larvae preferred the control leaves, with the extract acting as a feeding inhibitor (92%). In the nochoice test, leaf consumption was markedly reduced with extract, affecting larval growth in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05), as well as feed utilization and lepidoptera survival. © JASEM http://dx

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Host plant resistance and insect pest management in chickpea.

Cited by 48 publications

References 37 publications

Interaction between host plant resistance and biological activity of Bacillus thuringiensis in managing the pod borer Helicoverpa armigera in chickpea

Interaction between host plant resistance and biological activity of Bacillus thuringiensis in managing the pod borer Helicoverpa armigera in chickpea

Effectiveness of Bacillus thuringiensis -Transgenic Chickpeas and the Entomopathogenic Fungus Metarhizium anisopliae in Controlling Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Antifeedant and Toxic Effect of Crude Extract from <i>Flourensia oolepis</i> and their Impact on Nutritional Parameters of <i>Helicoverpa gelotopoeon</i>

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