Host Plant Resistance to Bemisia tabaci to Control Damage Caused in Tomato Plants by the Emerging Crinivirus Tomato Chlorosis Virus

Abstract

Tomato chlorosis virus (genus Crinivirus, family Closteroviridae) (ToCV) is rapidly emerging, causing increased damage to tomato production worldwide. The virus is transmitted in a semipersistent manner by several whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) species and is expanding its geographical and host ranges associated with the emergence of whiteflies of the Bemisia tabaci complex. Control is based essentially on intensive insecticide applications against the insect vector but is largely ineffective. No virus-resistant or tolerant commercial tomato cultivars are available. Recently, a B. tabaci-resistant tomato line based on the introgression of type IV leaf glandular trichomes and secretion of acylsucroses from the wild tomato Solanum pimpinellifolium was shown to effectively control the spread of tomato yellow leaf curl virus, a begomovirus (genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae) persistently transmitted by B. tabaci. As short acquisition and transmission periods are associated to the semipersistent transmission of ToCV, its possible control by means of the B. tabaciresistant tomato could be compromised. Moreover, if the antixenosis effect of the resistance trait present in those tomato plants results in increased B. tabaci mobility, an increased ToCV spread might even occur. We demonstrated, however, that the use of acylsugar-producing B. tabaci-resistant tomatoes effectively controls ToCV spread compared to a near-isogenic line without type IV trichomes and acylsugar secretion. No increase in the primary ToCV spread is observed, and secondary spread could be reduced significantly decreasing the incidence of this virus. The possible use of host plant resistance to whiteflies to limit spread of ToCV opens up new alternatives for a more effective control of this virus to reduce the damage caused in tomato crops.

Integrated Analysis of microRNA and mRNA Transcriptome Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of Solanum lycopersicum Response to Bemisia tabaci and Tomato chlorosis virus

“…With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, it has become widely used in the studies of plant-virus interactions ( Ding et al, 2019 ; Şahin-Çevik et al, 2019 ; Fortes et al, 2020 ), and there have been a lot of plant-virus interactions in tomato plants, but most of them are concentrated on tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and related DNA viruses ( Chen et al, 2013 ; Lucioli et al, 2016 ; Sahu et al, 2020 ). Although much research has focused on the identification of related resistance genes, it has always been a challenge to determine resistance genes so that they can be introduced into tomato plants.…”

Evaluation of Resistant Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) Clones Against Helopeltis bradyi

“…Trichomes are physical barriers to indirect plant defense mechanisms against insects with toxic and other harmful effects (War et al, 2012). This is in line with the study of Fortes, Fernández-Muñoz, & Moriones (2020), leaf glandular trichomes are useful to control the persistent transmitting of begomovirus Tomato Yellow Leaf Curling (TYLCV) which is infected by a vector Bemisia tabaci. Moreover, trichome consisted of acylsucroses that has a negative effect on B.tabaci.Correlation analysis (Table 2) revealed that the density of trichomes was negatively correlated with the percentage of Helopeltis damage (r = −0.368).…”

Screening for Resistance of Tomato Lines Against Tomato chlorosis crinivirus

“…Tanaman tomat dengan acylsugars tinggi menyebabkan oviposisi kutukebul yang lebih rendah dan jumlah nimfa yang lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan genotipe dengan kandungan acylsugars yang rendah (Neiva et al 2018). Tomat yang tahan B. tabaci, memproduksi acylsugars secara efektif mampu mengendalikan penyebaran ToCV dibandingkan dengan galur yang hampir isogenik tanpa trikoma tipe IV dan sekresi acylsugars (Fortes et al 2020). Perilaku makan utama kutukebul saat inokulasi virus tergantung pada aktivitas stiletnya dalam sieve element (elemen tipis) (Maluta et al 2017).…”