Host plant resistance to thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) – current state of art and future research avenues

Mouden, Sanae; Leiss, Kirsten A.

doi:10.1016/j.cois.2020.11.011

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Host plant resistance to western flower thrips is a promising approach hampering preference, reproduction, feeding, and/or transmission of virus [ 22 ]. It is mainly chemically based in a number of plants species, as shown by Leiss et al [ 23 ] applying an eco-metabolomic approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and Chemical Factors Related to Western Flower Thrips Resistance in the Ornamental Gladiolus

Wahyuni

Choi

Leiss

et al. 2021

Plants

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Understanding the mechanisms involved in host plant resistance opens the way for improved resistance breeding programs by using the traits involved as markers. Pest management is a major problem in cultivation of ornamentals. Gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus L.) is an economically important ornamental in the Netherlands. Gladiolus is especially sensitive to attack by western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera:Thripidae)). The objective of this study was, therefore, to investigate morphological and chemical markers for resistance breeding to western flower thrips in Gladiolus varieties. We measured thrips damage of 14 Gladiolus varieties in a whole-plant thrips bioassay and related this to morphological traits with a focus on papillae density. Moreover, we studied chemical host plant resistance to using an eco-metabolomic approach comparing the 1H NMR profiles of thrips resistant and susceptible varieties representing a broad range of papillae densities. Thrips damage varied strongly among varieties: the most susceptible variety showed 130 times more damage than the most resistant one. Varieties with low thrips damage had shorter mesophylls and epidermal cells, as well as a higher density of epicuticular papillae. All three traits related to thrips damage were highly correlated with each other. We observed a number of metabolites related to resistance against thrips: two unidentified triterpenoid saponins and the amino acids alanine and threonine. All these compounds were highly correlated amongst each other as well as to the density of papillae. These correlations suggest that papillae are involved in resistance to thrips by producing and/or storing compounds causing thrips resistance. Although it is not possible to distinguish the individual effects of morphological and chemical traits statistically, our results show that papillae density is an easy marker in Gladiolus-breeding programs targeted at increased resistance to thrips.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and Chemical Factors Related to Western Flower Thrips Resistance in the Ornamental Gladiolus

Wahyuni

Choi

Leiss

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…Modulation of plant defenses to increase host plant resistance becomes increasingly important within IPM (Mouden and Leiss, 2021 ). However, despite an extensive knowledge base, not much of existing basic research on natural plant defense strategies have been translated into applications that have been put into agricultural practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, in strawberries, thrips cause leaf and flower damage and bronzing and russeting of strawberry fruits leading to diminished shelf-life and fruit appearance (Rahman et al, 2010 ; Sampson and Kirk, 2013 ). Furthermore, the potential to modulate plant defenses by inducing host plant resistance to thrips has been stressed by Mouden and Leiss ( 2021 ). Therefore, to avoid thrips damage, it is important to inhibit thrips population build-up early in the vegetative leaf stages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elicitor Application in Strawberry Results in Long-Term Increase of Plant Resilience Without Yield Loss

et al. 2021

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For a first step integrating elicitor applications into the current IPM strategy increasing plant resilience against pests, we investigated repeated elicitor treatments in a strawberry everbearer nursery and cropping cycle under glass. During nursery methyl-jasmonate (MeJA), testing induction of defenses with plant bioassays was applied every 3 weeks. Thrips damage and reproduction by spider mites, whitefly and aphids were strongly reduced upon elicitor treatment. Subsequently, we applied MeJA every 3 weeks or based on scouting pests during a whole cropping cycle. Thrips leaf bioassays and LC-MS leaf metabolomics were applied to investigate the induction of defenses. Leaf damage by thrips was lower for both MeJA application schemes compared to the control except for the last weeks. While elicitor treatments after scouting also reduced damage, its effect did not last. Thrips damage decreased from vegetative to mature plants during the cropping cycle. At the end of the nursery phase, plants in the elicitor treatment were smaller. Surprisingly, growth during production was not affected by MeJA application, as were fruit yield and quality. LC-MS leaf metabolomics showed strong induction of vegetative plants decreasing during the maturation of plants toward the end of cultivation. Concurrently, no increase in the JA-inducible marker PPO was observed when measured toward the end of cultivation. Mostly flavonoid and phenolic glycosides known as plant defense compounds were induced upon MeJA application. While induced defense decreased with the maturation of plants, constitutive defense increased as measured in the leaf metabolome of control plants. Our data propose that young, relatively small plant stages lack constitutive defense necessitating an active JA defense response. As plants, mature constitutive defense metabolites seem to accumulate, providing a higher level of basal resistance. Our results have important implications for but are not limited to strawberry cultivation. We demonstrated that repeated elicitor application could be deployed as part of an integrated approach for sustainable crop protection by vertical integration with other management tactics and horizontal integration to control multiple pests concurrently. This approach forms a promising potential for long-term crop protection in greenhouses.

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“…Currently, F. occidentalis is difficult to control due to its rapid development of resistance to many insecticides and its hidden nature of feeding [ 2 , 6 ]. Relying on plant defenses against F. occidentalis has been discussed as a promising alternative for thrips control because plant defenses provide a sustainable control method for the future [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Improving plant resistance by inducing defense mechanisms allows plants to manage energy reserves only when and as needed, and it has been actively studied in many crops [ 8 , 11 ]. Numerous studies have shown that the application of exogenous abiotic elicitors can induce plant resistance to insect herbivores [ 9 ]. For instance, exogenously applied silicon improved the resistance of rice plants to yellow stem borer Scirpophaga incertulas (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and caterpillar Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) by increasing larval mortality and reducing larval mass, respectively [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Table and Preference Choice of Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) for Kidney Bean Plants Treated by Exogenous Calcium

Zeng

JunRui

et al. 2021

Insects

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Exogenous calcium (Ca) has been used to induce host plant resistance in response to abiotic and biotic stresses, including from thrips attack. The aim of this study was to determine whether exogenously applied Ca affects the performance of Frankliniella occidentalis. We assessed the development time, total longevity, reproduction, and population parameters of F. occidentalis, and its preference choice on Ca-treated or untreated control kidney bean plants under laboratory conditions. The results showed that F. occidentalis fed on Ca-treated leaves had a longer developmental time but lower longevity (female and male) and fecundity than F. occidentalis fed on control leaves. Population parameters, including the intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), and net reproductive rate (R0), were all found higher in control leaves than in Ca-treated leaves, and the mean generation time (T) was shorter. In preference choices, the number of thrips on control plants was higher than the number of thrips on Ca-treated kidney bean plants. Overall, our results indicated that exogenous Ca pretreatment on kidney bean plants affected the life history and preference choice of F. occidentalis, suggesting Ca might be used as a promising elicitor of inducible plant defense against thrips.

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Host plant resistance to thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) – current state of art and future research avenues

Cited by 18 publications

References 55 publications

Morphological and Chemical Factors Related to Western Flower Thrips Resistance in the Ornamental Gladiolus

Morphological and Chemical Factors Related to Western Flower Thrips Resistance in the Ornamental Gladiolus

Elicitor Application in Strawberry Results in Long-Term Increase of Plant Resilience Without Yield Loss

Life Table and Preference Choice of Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) for Kidney Bean Plants Treated by Exogenous Calcium

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