Host Response to the Lung Microbiome in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Abstract

Rationale: The relatively sparse but diverse microbiome in human lungs may become less diverse in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This article examines the relationship of this microbiome to emphysematous tissue destruction, number of terminal bronchioles, infiltrating inflammatory cells, and host gene expression. Measurements and Main Results: Ten operational taxonomic units (OTUs) was found sufficient to discriminate between control and GOLD stage 4 lung tissue, which included known pathogens such as Haemophilus influenzae. We also observed a decline in microbial diversity that was associated with emphysematous destruction, remodeling of the bronchiolar and alveolar tissue, and the infiltration of the tissue by CD4 1 T cells. Specific OTUs were also associated with neutrophils, eosinophils, and B-cell infiltration (P , 0.05). The expression profiles of 859 genes and 235 genes were associated with either enrichment or reductions of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, respectively, at a false discovery rate cutoff of less than 0.1. Conclusions:These results support the hypothesis that there is a host immune response to microorganisms within the lung microbiome that appears to contribute to the pathogenesis of COPD.

Comparison Study of Oropharyngeal Microbiota in Case of Bronchial Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Different Severity Levels

“…Кроме того, известно о росте Lactobacillus, которые более представлены у больных с тяжелой БА, а также в микробиоте легочной ткани, взятой во время транс-плантации легких у больных крайне тяжелой ХОБЛ [24]. И, наконец, стоит отметить более выраженное присут-ствие бактерий рода Alloiococcus у больных тяжелой БА по сравнению с легкой.…”

Untitled

“…The analysis of the bacterial microbiota in COPD lung tissue confirmed that there was a significant difference in composition of the bacterial community between COPD and health lungs [42,43]. The lungs of patients with very severe COPD contained a different community of bacteria to those of controls.…”

The Pathology of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Progress in the 20th and 21st Centuries

“…Recently, Sze and colleagues 34 have found not only that analysis of the microbiome can be used to discriminate between control and severe COPD lung tissue, but they also demonstrated that a decline in microbial diversity correlated with emphysematous lung destruction, airway remodeling, and CD4 T-cell lymphocyte accumulation within the lung.…”