Host specificity in marine sponge‐associated bacteria, and potential implications for marine microbial diversity

Taylor, Michael W.; Schupp, Peter J.; Dahllöf, Ingela; Kjelleberg, Staffan; Steinberg, Peter D.

doi:10.1046/j.1462-2920.2003.00545.x

Cited by 238 publications

(246 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Sponge-specific and sponge-species-specific microbial communities Unique microbial communities specific for sponges were demonstrated in a number of previous studies (Friedrich et al, 2001;Hentschel et al, 2002;Taylor et al, 2004;Webster et al, 2009). Hentschel et al defined sponge-specific clusters as groups of sequences that are derived from sponges of multiple sources (that is, different host sponges or the same host species but from different locations), and are more closely related to each other than to any other sequence from non-sponge sources (Hentschel et al, 2002).…”

Section: Influence Of Environment On Microbial Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Pyrosequencing reveals highly diverse and species-specific microbial communities in sponges from the Red Sea

et al. 2010

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Marine sponges are associated with a remarkable array of microorganisms. Using a tag pyrosequencing technology, this study was the first to investigate in depth the microbial communities associated with three Red Sea sponges, Hyrtios erectus, Stylissa carteri and Xestospongia testudinaria. We revealed highly diverse sponge-associated bacterial communities with up to 1000 microbial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and richness estimates of up to 2000 species. Altogether, 26 bacterial phyla were detected from the Red Sea sponges, 11 of which were absent from the surrounding sea water and 4 were recorded in sponges for the first time. Up to 100 OTUs with richness estimates of up to 300 archaeal species were revealed from a single sponge species. This is by far the highest archaeal diversity ever recorded for sponges. A non-negligible proportion of unclassified reads was observed in sponges. Our results demonstrated that the sponge-associated microbial communities remained highly consistent in the same sponge species from different locations, although they varied at different degrees among different sponge species. A significant proportion of the tag sequences from the sponges could be assigned to one of the sponge-specific clusters previously defined. In addition, the sponge-associated microbial communities were consistently divergent from those present in the surrounding sea water. Our results suggest that the Red Sea sponges possess highly sponge-specific or even sponge-species-specific microbial communities that are resistant to environmental disturbance, and much of their microbial diversity remains to be explored.

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Section: Influence Of Environment On Microbial Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Pyrosequencing reveals highly diverse and species-specific microbial communities in sponges from the Red Sea

et al. 2010

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“…A standard quantity of environmental DNA (approximately 20 ng) was used as template for PCR. PCR amplification and subsequent DGGE analysis of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplified with the primers 341F-GC and 907RC (Schafer et al, 2001), were carried out as described previously (Taylor et al, 2004), with two minor modifications. A denaturing gradient of 35-55% was used for DGGE.…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability and abundance of the epiphytic bacterial community associated with a green marine Ulvacean alga

et al. 2009

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Marine Ulvacean algae are colonized by dense microbial communities predicted to have an important role in the development, defense and metabolic activities of the plant. Here we assess the diversity and seasonal dynamics of the bacterial community of the model alga Ulva australis to identify key groups within this epiphytic community. A total of 48 algal samples of U. australis that were collected as 12 individuals at 3 monthly intervals, were processed by applying denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), and three samples from each season were subjected to catalyzed reporter deposition fluorescence in situ hybridization (CARD-FISH). CARD-FISH revealed that the epiphytic microbial community was comprised mainly of bacterial cells (90%) and was dominated by the groups Alphaproteobacteria (70%) and Bacteroidetes (13%). A large portion (47%) of sequences from the Alphaproteobacteria fall within the Roseobacter clade throughout the different seasons, and an average relative proportion of 19% was observed using CARD-FISH. DGGE based spatial (between tidal pools) and temporal (between season) comparisons of bacterial community composition demonstrated that variation occurs. Between individuals from both the same and different tidal pools, the variation was highest during winter (30%) and between seasons a 40% variation was observed. The community also includes a sub-population of bacteria that is consistently present. Sequences from excised DGGE bands indicate that members of the Alphaproteobacteria and the Bacteroidetes are part of this stable sub-population, and are likely to have an important role in the function of this marine epiphytic microbial community.

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“…The sponge Cymbastela concentrica is an abundant marine sponge found in shallow waters along the Australian east coast and has been previously studied with respect to its bacterial community composition (Taylor et al, 2004b(Taylor et al, , 2005. Fingerprinting analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene of temporal and spatial replicate samples for this sponge showed a stable bacterial community profile, which was distinct from that of the surrounding water, and showed specific phylotypes shared with the bacterial communities of other sponges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional genomic signatures of sponge bacteria reveal unique and shared features of symbiosis

et al. 2010

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Sponges form close relationships with bacteria, and a remarkable phylogenetic diversity of yet-uncultured bacteria has been identified from sponges using molecular methods. In this study, we use a comparative metagenomic analysis of the bacterial community in the model sponge Cymbastela concentrica and in the surrounding seawater to identify previously unrecognized genomic signatures and functions for sponge bacteria. We observed a surprisingly large number of transposable insertion elements, a feature also observed in other symbiotic bacteria, as well as a set of predicted mechanisms that may defend the sponge community against the introduction of foreign DNA and hence contribute to its genetic resilience. Moreover, several shared metabolic interactions between bacteria and host include vitamin production, nutrient transport and utilization, and redox sensing and response. Finally, an abundance of protein-protein interactions mediated through ankyrin and tetratricopeptide repeat proteins could represent a mechanism for the sponge to discriminate between food and resident bacteria. These data provide new insight into the evolution of symbiotic diversity, microbial metabolism and host-microbe interactions in sponges.

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Host specificity in marine sponge‐associated bacteria, and potential implications for marine microbial diversity

Cited by 238 publications

References 62 publications

Pyrosequencing reveals highly diverse and species-specific microbial communities in sponges from the Red Sea

Pyrosequencing reveals highly diverse and species-specific microbial communities in sponges from the Red Sea

Variability and abundance of the epiphytic bacterial community associated with a green marine Ulvacean alga

Functional genomic signatures of sponge bacteria reveal unique and shared features of symbiosis

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