Host Status of the Apple Maggot (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Colorado

Kroening, Mary; Kondratieff, Boris C.; Nelson, E. E.

doi:10.1093/jee/82.3.886

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…In the Western United States, apple maggot was recorded in Texas in the 1960s (Bush ) and was accidentally introduced into Oregon and Washington at some point prior to 1980 (Berlocher ); two adult flies were captured in Colorado in 1896, but it was not considered established there until 1985 (Kroening et al. ). In New Mexico, it was first found in the northern part of the state in 2004 and reached the central region (Valencia county) in 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of a physical method for control of direct pests of apples and peaches

Grasswitz

Fimbres

2013

J Applied Entomology

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Two studies were conducted to test the feasibility and efficacy of using physical barriers (Maggot Barrier â nylon mesh bags) for control of three internal pests of tree fruit (codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.), apple maggot (Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh)) and peach twig borer (Anarsia lineatella Zeller)) and three groups of external direct pests (stink bugs (Pentatomidae), plant bugs (Miridae) and birds). Two types of Maggot Barrier â were tested (regular and heavy duty), and two methods of securing the bags: knotting the bag on itself ('self-ties') and using plastic-coated wire 'twistties'. Bags were applied to eight cultivars of both apples and peaches, selected to give a range of maturity dates. Apples were bagged when fruit was approximately 27 mm in diameter, and peaches when the fruit was approximately 36 mm in diameter. Unbagged fruits served as controls. On apples, bagging had no effect on damage due to birds, stink bugs or apple maggot (which was present only in very low numbers), but reduced codling moth damage by 20-25% compared with unbagged controls; there were no significant differences due to bag type or tie type. In apples, a significantly higher proportion of the heavy duty bags were reusable after harvest, but on peaches, which were bagged for a shorter time, there was no difference between bag types in this respect. Bagging significantly reduced the percentage of peach fruits damaged by twig borer, birds and stink bugs, but increased the percentage of fruit with skin marks; there were no significant differences between bag or tie types. In peaches, there were significant effects on the time taken to apply bags due to both tying method and differences between individual operators. Cultivar affected pest-related damage in both fruit types, underlining the importance of appropriate cultivar choice in pest management, particularly for organic growers and home gardeners.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of a physical method for control of direct pests of apples and peaches

Grasswitz

Fimbres

2013

J Applied Entomology

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Parasitism of the apple maggot,Rhagoletis pomonella, infesting hawthorns in Washington

Gut

Brunner

1994

Entomophaga

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Five species of larval parasitoids were reared from Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) infested fruit of hawthorn, Crataegus, collected from several locations in southwest Washington over a four year period. A braconid, Biosteres melleus (Gahan), parasitized larvae infesting fruits of a native hawthorn species, Crataegus douglasii Lindl. Another braconid, Opius downesi Gahan, emerged exclusively from R. pomonella pupae reared from fruits of an introduced species of hawthorn, Crataegus monogyna Jacq. A pteromalid, Pteromalus sp., and two eulophids, Tetrastichus spp., attacked R. pomonella larvae infesting fruits of both hawthorn species. No parasitoids emerged from a total of 4385 pupae reared from apple. Percent parasitism of R. pomonella was higher in C. monogyna compared to C. douglasii fruits. The highest average levels of parasitism of R. pomonella in C. monogyna and C. douglasii fruits were 90 % and 23 % respectively. The kinds of parasitoids, their relative abundances and timing of parasitization on the two hawthorns was related to differences in fruit ripening patterns and its effect on the development of R. pomonella on these two hosts. Parasitization of R. pomonella by Tetrastichus spp. is a new host record. The detection of these species and Pteromalus sp. in southwest Washington are the first records of ectoparasitoids attacking this tephritid.

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Development of a Low-Cost and Effective Trapping Device for Apple Maggot Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Monitoring and Control in Mexican Commercial Hawthorn Groves

Tadeo

Muniz

Rull

et al. 2017

Journal of Economic Entomology

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Few efforts have been made in Mexico to monitor Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in commercial hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) crops. Therefore, the main objectives of this study were to evaluate infestation levels of R. pomonella in feral and commercial Mexican hawthorn and to assess the efficacy of different trap-lure combinations to monitor the pest. Wild hawthorn was more infested than commercially grown hawthorn at the sample site. No differences among four commercial baits (Biolure, ammonium carbonate, CeraTrap, and Captor + borax) were detected when used in combination with a yellow sticky gel (SG) adherent trap under field conditions. However, liquid lures elicited a slightly higher, although not statistically different, capture. Cage experiments in the laboratory revealed that flies tended to land more often on the upper and middle than lower-bottom part of polyethylene (PET) bottle traps with color circles. Among red, orange, green, and yellow circles attached to a bottle trap, only yellow circles improved fly captures compared with a colorless trap. A PET bottle trap with a red circle over a yellow background captured more flies than a similar trap with yellow circles. An SG adherent yellow panel trap baited with ammonium carbonate was superior to the improved PET bottle trap (red over a yellow background) baited with different liquid proteins, but a higher proportion of females and no differences in fly detection were measured in PET traps baited with protein lures. These trials open the door for future research into development of a conventional nonadherent trap to monitor or control R. pomonella.

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Host Status of the Apple Maggot (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Colorado

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Efficacy of a physical method for control of direct pests of apples and peaches

Efficacy of a physical method for control of direct pests of apples and peaches

Parasitism of the apple maggot,Rhagoletis pomonella, infesting hawthorns in Washington

Development of a Low-Cost and Effective Trapping Device for Apple Maggot Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Monitoring and Control in Mexican Commercial Hawthorn Groves

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