Host switching vs. host sharing in overlapping sylvatic<i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>transmission cycles

Kribs, Christopher; Mitchell, Christopher

doi:10.1080/17513758.2015.1075611

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The R1 vs. R2 plane has been utilized in previous studies on co-circulating pathogens (e.g. (Crawford & Kribs-Zaleta, 2009; Kribs & Mitchell, 2015; Martcheva & Pilyugin, 2006)) and allows for a primarily epidemiological comparison of our different models. As seen in Fig.…”

Section: Brn/irn Threshold Comparisons (N=2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasion reproductive numbers for discrete-time models

Olawoyin

Kribs

2019

Infectious Disease Modelling

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Although invasion reproductive numbers (IRNs) are utilized frequently in continuous-time models with multiple interacting pathogens, they are yet to be explored in discrete-time systems. Here, we extend the concept of IRNs to discrete-time models by showing how to calculate them for a set of two-pathogen SIS models with coinfection. In our exploration, we address how sequencing events impacts the basic reproductive number (BRN) and IRN. As an illustrative example, our models are applied to rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus co-circulation. Results show that while the BRN is unaffected by variations in the order of events, the IRN differs. Furthermore, our models predict copersistence of multiple pathogen strains under cross-immunity, which is atypical of analogous continuous-time models. This investigation shows that sequencing events has important consequences for the IRN and can drastically alter competition dynamics.

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Section: Brn/irn Threshold Comparisons (N=2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasion reproductive numbers for discrete-time models

Olawoyin

Kribs

2019

Infectious Disease Modelling

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“…Models investigating sylvatic transmission cycles have been developed to incorporate the multiple sylvatic hosts available, advancing our understanding of interactions between hosts, vectors, and T. cruzi and highlighting both vector-fecal and oral transmission pathways [42,51,52,53,54,55,56,57]. In peridomestic settings where dogs are the main hosts, host-targeted interventions may provide a valuable tool to reduce triatomine populations and canine exposure to T. cruzi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of fluralaner treatment regimens for the control of canine Chagas disease: A mathematical modeling study

et al. 2023

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Background Canine Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted by insect triatomine vectors known as kissing bugs. The agent can cause cardiac damage and long-term heart disease and death in humans, dogs, and other mammals. In laboratory settings, treatment of dogs with systemic insecticides has been shown to be highly efficacious at killing triatomines that feed on treated dogs. Method We developed compartmental vector-host models of T. cruzi transmission between the triatomine and dog population accounting for the impact of seasonality and triatomine migration on disease transmission dynamics. We considered a single vector-host model without seasonality, and model with seasonality, and a spatially coupled model. We used the models to evaluate the effectiveness of the insecticide fluralaner with different durations of treatment regimens for reducing T. cruzi infection in different transmission settings. Results In low and medium transmission settings, our model showed a marginal difference between the 3-month and 6-month regimens for reducing T. cruzi infection among dogs. The difference increases in the presence of seasonality and triatomine migration from a sylvatic transmission setting. In high transmission settings, the 3-month regimen was substantially more effective in reducing T. cruzi infections in dogs than the other regimens. Our model showed that increased migration rate reduces fluralaner effectiveness in all treatment regimens, but the relative reduction in effectiveness is minimal during the first years of treatment. However, if an additional 10% or more of triatomines killed by dog treatment were eaten by dogs, treatment could increase T. cruzi infections in the dog population at least during the first year of treatment. Conclusion Our analysis shows that treating all peridomestic dogs every three to six months for at least five years could be an effective measure to reduce T. cruzi infections in dogs and triatomines in peridomestic transmission settings. However, further studies at the local scale are needed to better understand the potential impact of routine use of fluralaner treatment on increasing dogs’ consumption of dead triatomines.

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Decoys and Dilution: The Impact of Incompetent Hosts on Prevalence of Chagas Disease

Zahid

Kribs

2020

Bull Math Biol

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Biodiversity is commonly believed to reduce risk of vector-borne zoonoses. However, researchers already showed that the effect of biodiversity on disease transmission is not that straightforward. This study focuses on the effect of biodiversity, specifically on the effect of the decoy process (additional hosts distracting vectors from their focal host), on reducing infections of vector-borne diseases in humans. Here, we consider the specific case of Chagas disease and use mathematical population models to observe the impact on human infection of the proximity of chickens, which are incompetent hosts for the parasite but serve as a preferred food source for vectors. We consider three cases as the distance between the two host populations varies: short (when farmers bring chickens inside the home to protect them from predators), intermediate (close enough for vectors with one host to detect the presence of the other host type), and far (separate enclosed buildings such as a home and hen-house). Our analysis shows that the presence of chickens reduces parasite prevalence in humans only at an intermediate distance under the condition that the vector birth rate from feeding on chickens is sufficiently low..

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Host switching vs. host sharing in overlapping sylvaticTrypanosoma cruzitransmission cycles

Cited by 9 publications

References 48 publications

Invasion reproductive numbers for discrete-time models

Invasion reproductive numbers for discrete-time models

Effectiveness of fluralaner treatment regimens for the control of canine Chagas disease: A mathematical modeling study

Decoys and Dilution: The Impact of Incompetent Hosts on Prevalence of Chagas Disease

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